Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Guide to Clinical Management

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine reproductive disorder of females, which is common among females of reproductive age. This hormonal imbalance is frequent among females in the age group of 18-44 years. PCOS is characterized by complexities such as numerous cysts, an irregular or prolonged menstrual cycle, or excess androgen levels. It is a major cause of infertility in females. An elevated level of androgen or male hormone leads to hirsutism and acne. It may further result in insulin resistance, which causes obesity and type-2 Diabetes. The ovaries may develop a number of small collections of follicles, which hinder their normal functioning. Although the exact cause of PCOS is not known, some major factors that lead to PCOS are stress, obesity, and changes in hormonal levels. Genetic factors such as alteration in the metabolic pathways due to faulty genes may also speed up the progression of PCOS and ovary dysfunction. Diagnosis of PCOS is based on Rotterdam criteria, i.e., irregular menstrual cycle, elevated levels of androgens, and the presence of cysts. Weight loss, healthy diet, and taking the recommended medications can help reduce the severity of PCOS. The topics covered in this extensive book deal with the core aspects of PCOS and its management. It will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.