Handbook of Cardiovascular Biomarkers: Pathophysiology and Disease Management

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of diseases that affect the heart and its functions. Biomarkers or biological markers are measurable and quantifiable biological indicators of health and some diseases. They play a crucial role in the implication of assessments related to health and physiology that cover a plethora of parameters, including disease progression and risk, psychiatric disorders, disease diagnosis, and metabolic processes. A CVD biomarker is used to improve the optimal clinical management and treatment of the patient. Various cardiac enzymes act as cardiac biomarkers, which comprise myoglobin, troponin and creatine kinase. The heart releases cardiac biomarkers into the bloodstream when it experiences damage or stress due to lack of oxygen. These biomarkers assist in determining if symptoms are due to a myocardial infarction, angina, heart failure or some other health problems. Enzyme marker test is utilized to measure specific biomarkers in the blood. This book elucidates the role of cardiovascular biomarkers in pathophysiology and disease management. It consists of contributions made by international experts. This book will serve as a valuable source of reference for scholars and researchers.