Bøger udgivet af Karlsruher Institut Fur Technologie

This work presents an approach for the architecture analysis of energy efficiency for static and self-adaptive software systems. It introduces a modeling language that captures consumption characteristics on an architectural level. The outlined analysis predicts the energy efficiency of systems described with this language. Lastly, this work introduces an approach for considering transient effects in design time architecture analyses.

When complex IT systems are being developed, the usage of several programming and modelling languages can lead to inconsistencies that yield faulty designs and implementations. To address this problem, this work contributes a classification of consistency preservation challenges and an approach for preserving consistency. It is formalized using set theory and monitors changes to avoid matching and diffing problems. Three new languages that follow this preservation approach are presented.

We worked on different magnetic molecules containing 3d and 4f magnetic centers. Their growth on metallic surfaces, topographies, spin states, magnetic properties and electron transport were locally investigated by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at temperatures down to 30mK. The main achievement of this dissertation reveals the abrupt switching of crystal fields during formation of molecular contacts.

This work presents an efficient solution procedure for the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contact problem considering structural dynamics. The contact bodies are modeled using reduced finite element models. Singly diagonal implicit Runge-Kutta (SDIRK) methods are used for adaptive time integration. The structural model is coupled with the nonlinear Reynolds Equation using a monolithic coupling approach. Finally, a reduced order model of the complete nonlinear coupled problem is constructed.

The work presents an attempt to improve the understanding of reactive drag reducing control of near-wall turbulence with respect to limitations present in a realistic application scenario. The reference reactive control scheme of opposition control is studied using direct numerical simulation through the consideration of various application oriented restrictions, i.e. local control application, limited spatial and temporal resolution of the scheme, sensor noise and control elements arrangement.

Multi-camera systems are being deployed in a variety of vehicles and mobile robots today. To eliminate the need for cost and labor intensive maintenance and calibration, continuous self-calibration is highly desirable. In this book we present such an approach for self-calibration of multi-Camera systems for vehicle surround sensing. In an extensive evaluation we assess our algorithm quantitatively using real-world data.

Value chains of bio-based chemicals are very complex. Hence, a strategic decision support tool for bioeconomic site and logistics planning is developed. It includes an integrated model and three sub-models: optimization for the locations and capacities of pretreatment plants, technical for technical and economic evaluations, risk for the evaluation of uncertainties. As a result, the model suggests a nearly optimal location and the associated logistic network for the production of biochemicals.

Upper Carboniferous (Westphalian C/D) fluvial sandstones and Zechstein Ca2 (Stassfurt, second cycle) carbonates represent two important hydrocarbon reservoir units in NW Europe. A better understanding of reservoir quality variations and their spatial variability is crucial to develop successful exploration strategies. In fluvial Westphalian C/D sandstones and Ca2 carbonate reservoirs, the reservoir properties are controlled by diagenetic alterations and intense fracturing.

Measurement at millimeter-wave frequencies are prone to parasitic effects which distort the overall results. Especially the use of RF probes introduces unknown distortions, even after the measurement setup is calibrated. This works investigates these distortions based on electromagnetic field simulations of integrated circuits in conjunction with models of the used RF probes. This allows to comprehend the observed distortions and successfully resolve the root of the distortions.

This book proposes to solve the low-resolution (LR) facial analysis problem with 3D face super-resolution (FSR). A complete processing chain is presented towards effective 3D FSR in real world. To deal with the extreme challenges of incorporating 3D modeling under the ill-posed LR condition, a novel workflow coupling automatic localization of 2D facial feature points and 3D shape reconstruction is developed, leading to a robust pipeline for pose-invariant hallucination of the 3D facial texture.

Silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) modulators add a highly efficient nonlinear organic electro-optic cladding material to the silicon photonic platform, thereby enabling efficient electro-optic modulation. In this book, the application potential of SOH modulators is investigated. Proof-of-principle experiments show that they can be used for high-speed communications at symbol rates up to 100 GBd and operated directly from a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) without additional driver amplifiers.

Mobile robotic systems need to perceive their surroundings in order to act independently. In this work a perception framework is developed which interprets the data of a binocular camera in order to transform it into a compact, expressive model of the environment. This model enables a mobile system to move in a targeted way and interact with its surroundings. It is shown how the developed methods also provide a solid basis for technical assistive aids for visually impaired people.

The quality of enterprise software applications plays a crucial role for the satisfaction of the users and the economic success of the enterprises. Software applications with unsatisfying performance and scalability are perceived by its users as low in quality, as less interesting and less attractive, and cause frustration when preventing the users from attaining their goals. This book proposes an approach for a recommendation system that enables developers who are novices in software perform

This study analyses the field of open digital fabrication where novel digital capabilities and hopes for social transformation have merged to form arrangements that seek to democratise knowledge and technology through collaboration. Through qualitative social science the study analyses FabLabs and open source technologies and the respective collective procedures that produce and organise technology and knowledge that redefine the entanglement of our society and its technologies.

Inspired by superhydrophobic leaves of water plants, a flexible superhydrophobic self-cleaning, transparent thin polymeric nanofur film was fabricated through highly scalable hot embossing and hot pulling techniques. Nanofur can retain an air film underwater, whose stability against external stimuli such as high pressure and movement through fluids is investigated. Additionally, the optical properties of nanofur are investigated and exploited to enhance the efficiency of optoelectronic devices.

The availability of video data is an opportunity and a challenge for law enforcement agencies. Face recognition methods can play a key role in the automated search for persons in the data. This work targets efficient representations of low-quality face sequences to enable fast and accurate face search. Novel concepts for multi-scale analysis, dataset augmentation, CNN loss function, and sequence description lead to improvements over state-of-the-art methods on surveillance video footage.

While the universal quantum computer seems not in reach for the near future, this work focusses on analog quantum simulation of intriguing quantum models of light-matter interactions, with the goal of achieving a computational speed-up as compared to classical hardware. Existing building blocks of quantum hardware are used from superconducting circuits, that have proven to be a very suitable experimental platform for the implementation of model Hamiltonians at a high degree of controllability.

While the spectral information contained in hyperspectral images is rich, the spatial resolution of such images is in many cases very low. Many pixel spectra are mixtures of pure materials' spectra and therefore need to be decomposed into their constituents. This work investigates new decomposition methods taking into account spectral, spatial and global 3D adjacency information. This allows for faster and more accurate decomposition results.

Water as hazard and water as heritage" was an international workshop which took place in the framework of the Spazi Aperti (Open spaces) event at the Accademia di Romania in Rome, an event engaging international fellows in the capital of Italy. The workshop was a winner in the selection of the European Geosciences Union co-sponsored meetings competition and as such participation was also multidisciplinary, from geosciences to archaeology, art history, urban planning and (landscape) architecture.

Upper Carboniferous sandstones are important tight gas reservoirs in Central Europe. This field-based study, conducted in a km-scale reservoir outcrop analog (Piesberg quarry, Lower Saxony Basin, NW Germany), focused on the diagenetic control on spatial reservoir quality distribution. Geothermometers were used to characterize a fault-related thermal anomaly. A prototype workflow based on terrestrial laser scanning is presented, which allowed for the automated detection and analysis of fractures.

A short introduction to the theory of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is given. The application of the SPPs in on-chip signal processing is discussed. In particular, two concepts of plasmonic modulators are reported, wherein the SPPs are modulated by 40 Gbit/s electrical signals. Phase and Mach-Zehnder modulators employing the Pockels effect in electro-optic organic materials are discussed. A few micro-meter long SPP absorption modulator based on a thin layer of indium-tin-oxide is reported.

In freeform optics, the optimization is limited due to large number of parameters present in it. This limitation was overcome by a technique known as optimization using freeform deformation (OFFD). Though this technique proved to work well, it has left many challenges to the optical designer. These challenges are solved by providing mathematical design techniques. This implementation transformed the OFFD into an intelligent tool replacing the optical designer's efforts during the design process.

To create photonic multi-chip modules, integrated photonic chips need to be connected internally and to external glass fibers. A novel approach to address this task is the concept of photonic wire bonding, where free-standing polymer waveguides are printed in-situ by two-photon polymerization. This book contains a detailed description of the methodology of photonic wire bonding together with a number of key experiments.