Bøger udgivet af Asian Development Bank

This publication provides an overview of institutional investors' interest in green bonds issued in Thailand, along with an assessment of the perspectives of local arrangers and underwriters on their clients' interest in green bond issuance. It presents the results of a survey to help identify market drivers, impediments, and development priorities for Thailand's sustainable finance market. The findings and insights in this publication can help the Asian Development Bank in identifying how to support market development.

This book discusses the paradigm shift and benefits that the Mumbai Metro can bring in the public transportation scenario for millions of people in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region.Mumbai is the financial capital of India and one of the world's most densely populated cities. The Mumbai Metro will provide equal access for all to a modern, comfortable, and high-quality daily commuting transport option. It will feature safety designs (especially for the vulnerable sectors), ease traffic congestion, and reduce vehicular emissions, thereby contributing toward making Mumbai a more equitable, safer, and cleaner city.

This report provides an update on the local currency sustainable bond markets in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People's Republic of China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea (ASEAN+3). Historically, green bonds have dominated the sustainable debt market in ASEAN+3, but the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spawned the next generation of social- and sustainability-labeled instruments to fund a broader range of environmental and social benefits. This report provides a comprehensive summary of regional developments, identifies existing obstacles and challenges, highlights green investment opportunities in key sectors, and offers practical recommendations to further develop sustainable local currency bond markets in ASEAN+3.

This guide explores the benefits of using nature-based solutions to promote sustainable and resource-efficient infrastructure.Nature-based solutions are interventions to protect, restore, and sustainably manage natural or modified ecosystems to support both biodiversity and people's well-being. This guide includes case studies from Bangladesh, Nepal, the People's Republic of China, the Philippines, and Viet Nam. It considers challenges and opportunities and shows how nature-based solutions can be mainstreamed in the portfolio of the Asian Development Bank.

This report shares insights on capacity building for long-term care in six countries at different stages of population aging: Indonesia, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tonga, and Viet Nam.It explores these countries' long-term care systems and their particular circumstances and challenges. It also examines what they have in common and highlights good practices that may be helpful to other countries facing similar issues. The report draws on insights from the Asian Development Bank technical assistance project Strengthening Developing Member Countries' Capacity in Elderly Care.

This publication provides an overview of issues and areas that policymakers from members of the Asian Development Bank would want to be familiar with when embarking on planning and implementing a digital transformation of tax administration. Key considerations include reasons for undertaking a transformational reform, the elements needed to build a strategy and implementation plan (digital road map), risks and chalenges, and possible impacts. The report brings together a basic assessment framework to support the initiation of the planning process and an approach to effective implementation of "e;the tax administration of the future."e;

This report outlines economic prospects in developing Asia amid global turbulence and lingering pandemic risks. It discusses the implications of school closures and the invasion of Ukraine, and explores mobilizing taxes for development.Developing Asia's outlook remains positive, with growth of 5.2% expected in 2022 and 5.3% in 2023. Downside risks include spillover from geopolitical tensions, such as via higher-than-expected commodity prices. The Russian invasion of Ukraine has upended the global economic outlook and greatly amplified uncertainty for a world economy still contending with COVID-19. Aggressive monetary policy tightening in the United States could lead to financial instability. In the medium term, scarring from the pandemic poses significant risks, including learning losses from continued school closures that could worsen economic inequality.The region's economies urgently need to mobilize fiscal resources to restore the health of public finances and build a more inclusive and sustainable future. Opportunities to strengthen revenue will depend on specific circumstances, but more efficient value-added tax and better-optimized tax incentives hold promise for many economies. Strengthening personal income and property taxes can raise additional revenue and make tax systems more progressive. Significant opportunities exist to expand the use of tax and other fiscal instruments to tackle environmental and health priorities while raising revenue.

The CAREC Health Strategy 2030 aims to enhance health security through regional cooperation, benefiting the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) region's population (including migrants and vulnerable population groups), health system managers and workers, and active development partners; and CAREC countries' ministries of health. The strategy has four main pillars: (i) leadership and human resource capacity, (ii) technical preparedness, (iii) surge demands and access to supplies, and (iv) vulnerable population groups and border health. It is intended as a tool to guide CAREC health cooperation, dialogue and knowledge exchange, programming and mobilize new project financing.

This publication studies the potential impact of climate change on Sri Lanka's vulnerable mountain ecosystem in order to help guide sustainable adaptation strategies. It uses a mix of geographic information system mapping combined with average and projected rainfall figures to show how the mountains that make up 15% of Sri Lanka could be affected. Including a series of maps, the publication illustrates how the area faces rising drought alongside increasingly severe monsoons that could cause more floods and landslides. By showing the potential impact of climate change, it aims to help assess both future investments and strategies to cut disaster risk and enhance environmental sustainability in the biodiverse area.

This publication examines the economy and trade of Pakistan in the context of global value chains (GVCs), or cross-border production networks. The report combines innovative analytical tools with the latest available data to explore Pakistan's involvement in GVCs. It produces indicators on factors including Pakistan's rate of GVC participation, the lengths of its GVC production, its patterns of specialization, and the price competitiveness of its exports. It draws on the Multiregional Input-Output database of the Asian Development Bank, the only time series of intercountry input-output tables to date that includes Pakistan and preliminary data for 2020.

The Pacific is expected to recover with moderate growth of 1.4% in 2021 and 3.8% in 2022, with tourism and widespread vaccination playing key roles.This issue of the Pacific Economic Monitor provides insights on experiences and lessons of Pacific island countries in striking a delicate balance between health and economic concerns. It also outlines ADB's new development strategy to help the region address the impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

This report highlights the results of Asian Development Bank (ADB) operations to support regional cooperation and integration (RCI) completed during 2017-2020. It outlines how ADB managed its support for RCI and used its resources, and how the bank continued leading development partners in assisting major RCI subregional programs. It notes that, in the medium term, sustaining ADB's RCI leadership and promoting wider, deeper, and more open RCI to support the region's recovery will require further resources. These include a broader base of quality RCI skills and financial resources mobilized from within and outside ADB. The report follows the 2017 ADB corporate progress report on RCI and is the first such report under ADB's Strategy 2030.