Bøger af International Monetary Fund

Foreign exchange intervention is widely used as a policy tool, particularly in emerging markets, but our understanding of many facets of this tool remain limited. This volume reviews detailed accounts from several central banks in Latin America and provides insight into how, and with what aim, many interventions were implemented.

Provides legal perspective on the progress made in developing and implementing financial regulatory reforms adopted since the global financial crisis, and reviews the important role that law plays in contributing to the financial stability at both national and international levels.

Global growth for 2018-19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded. Global growth is projected at 3.7% for 2018-19.

Provides an assessment of the global financial system and markets, and addresses emerging market financing in a global context. This report focuses on current market conditions, highlighting systemic issues that could pose a risk to financial stability and sustained market access by emerging market borrowers.

The five Regional Economic Outlooks published biannually by the IMF cover Asia and Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Western Hemisphere. In each volume, recent economic developments and prospects for the region are discussed as a whole, as well as for specific countries.

The macroeconomic outlook for sub-Saharan Africa continues to strengthen. Growth is expected to increase from 2.7 percent in 2017 to 3.1 percent in 2018, reflecting domestic policy adjustments and a supportive external environment, including continued steady growth in the global economy, higher commodity prices, and accommodative external financing conditions. Inflation is abating; and fiscal imbalances are being contained in many countries. Over the medium term, and on current policies, growth is expected to accelerate to about 4 percent, too low to create the number of jobs needed to absorb anticipated new entrants into labor markets.

Amid escalating trade tensions, tighter financial conditions, and volatile commodity markets, economic recovery in Latin America and the Caribbean has both moderated and become more uneven.

Brazil is at crossroads, emerging slowly from a historic recession that was preceded by a huge economic boom.

Discusses fiscal policies to prepare for the next downturn and foster long-term inclusive growth by adapting to changing demographics, advancing technology, and deepening global integration. The report also covers recent fiscal developments and the fiscal outlook in advanced economies, emerging markets, and low-income developing countries.

After strong growth in 2017 and early 2018, global economic activity slowed notably in the second half of last year, reflecting a confluence of factors affecting major economies.

The April 2019 GFSR finds that despite significant variability over the past two quarters, financial conditions remain accommodative. As a result, financial vulnerabilities have continued to build in the sovereign, corporate, and nonbank financial sectors in several systemically important countries, leading to elevated medium-term risks.

The External Sector Report presents a methodologically consistent assessment of the exchange rates, current accounts, reserves, capital flows, and external balance sheets of the world's largest economies. The 2018 edition includes an analytical assessment of how trade costs and related policy barriers drive excess global imbalances.

Contains detailed statistics on all aspects of international and domestic finance. The Yearbook contains available annual data covering 12 years for countries appearing in the monthly issues of International Financial Statistics (IFS). Additional time series in country tables and some additional tables of area and world aggregates are included in the Yearbook.

Makes an analytical contribution to the revived discussion about the euro area's institutional setup. After significant progress during the euro crisis, the drive to complete Europe's Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) had stalled, and the way forward will benefit from an in-depth look at the conceptual issues raised by the evolution and architecture of Europe, and the tradeoffs involved.

The European recovery is strengthening and broadening appreciably. Real GDP growth is projected at 2.4 percent in 2017, up from 1.7 percent in 2016, before easing to 2.1 percent in 2018. These are large upward revisions--0.5 and 0.2 percentage point for 2017 and 2018, respectively--relative to the April World Economic Outlook. The European recovery is spilling over to the rest of the world, contributing significantly to global growth. In a few advanced and many emerging economies, unemployment rates have returned to precrisis levels. Most emerging market European economies are now seeing robust wage growth. In many parts of Europe, however, wage growth is sluggish despite falling unemployment.

Updates and merges into one volume methodological and practical aspects of the compilation process of monetary statistics. The Manual is aimed at compilers and users of monetary data, offering guidance for the collection and analytical presentation of monetary statistics.

In this follow-up volume to A Guide to IMF Stress Testing: Methods and Models the authors look at the stress testing "software."

Finds that short-term risks to financial stability have increased somewhat since the previous Global Financial Stability Report. Medium-term risks are still elevated as financial vulnerabilities, which have built up during the years of accommodative policies.

Describes the world economic outlook as of April 2018, projecting that advanced economies will continue to expand above their potential growth rates before decelerating, while growth in emerging markets in developing economies will rise before levelling off.

The April 2018 edition of Fiscal Monitor is focused on two broad themes: the burden of high global debt and the opportunities and challenges of digital government.

Provides detailed guidance on the implementation of the new Fiscal Transparency Code, which was approved by the IMF Board in 2014. It explains why each principle of the Code is important and describes current trends in implementation of the principles.

This book draws on policy lessons from successful countries that have overcome political economy constraints and reach upper-middle-income emerging market economy status to examine how Senegal can achieve per capita growth rates of four to five percent per year over a 20-year period, as well as lessons for other low-income countries.

Inflation-forecast targeting is state of the art for monetary policy. This book explores first principles, including managing short-term policy trade-offs, outlines efficient operational procedures, and reviews the experiences of Canada, the Czech Republic, and India.

While some inequality is inevitable in a market-based economic system, excessive inequality can erode social cohesion, lead to political polarization, and ultimately lower economic growth. This Fiscal Monitor discusses how fiscal policies can help achieve redistributive objectives.

Demonstrates that the global upswing in economic activity is strengthening, and that global growth, which in 2016 was the weakest since the global financial crisis at 3.2 percent, is projected to rise to 3.7 percent in 2018. The growth forecast for 2018 is 0.1 percentage point stronger compared with projections earlier this year.

Provides detailed data on transactions in revenue, expense, net acquisition of assets and liabilities, other economic flows, and balances of assets and liabilities of general government and its subsectors. The data are compiled according to the framework of the 2014 Government Finance Statistics Manual, which provides for several summary measures of government fiscal performance.

This book provides a dianosis of the central economic and financial challenges facing Caribbean policymakers.