Bøger i Oxidative Stress and Disease serien

Explores the pathophysiological aspects of a spectrum of diseases associated with TDP-requiring enzymes. Providing insights into neurogenerative diseases, this volume associates defects in the function of TDP-dependent enzymes with numerous metabolic disorders and disease states, and offers novel aspects of thiamine enzymes in chiral synthesis.

The brain is crucial for the regulation of whole-body metabolism and behavior. The pancreas-derived hormone insulin modulates brain function and affects energy metabolism as well as cognition. This is partially achieved by modulating several types of brain cell populations including those relevant to satiety and reward. Importantly, brains of Alzheimer's disease patients exhibit a signature of brain insulin resistance with perturbed brain metabolism. This book will cover the basics of insulin signaling in the brain and will describe concepts of insulin resistance, a feature of type 2 diabetes. Moreover insulin's effect on cognitive function will be pointed out and the association between brain insulin resistance and neurodegenerative diseases discussed. Additionally, potential behavioral and pharmacological concepts which can affect brain insulin signaling will be summarized.Key Features:Summarizes insulin and the closely related IGF-1 receptor signaling Depicts concepts of insulin resistance Highlights the importance of conserved brain insulin signaling for brain function, metabolism, and behaviorDescribes potential behavioral and pharmacological approaches to support brain insulin signaling

This book unravels key physiological responses and adaptations to different redox regulated exercise paradigms at the cell, tissue, and whole-body level in model systems and humans in health and disease.

Even before oxygen appeared in our athmosphere, redox reactions provided the energy for metabolic steps in the evolution of life. Redox modifications are now important in cellular functions including differentiation/development. This book compiles current knowledge regarding the roles of redox regulation in differentiation and de-differentiation.

Mammalian heme peroxidase enzymes are critical for immune responses and disease prevention. Although beneficial, overproduction drives development of pathologies, by triggering the initiation of stress-related cell damage and dysfunction. This book highlights the roles of mammalian heme peroxidases, and their involvement in immunity and disease.

This book explores nanoparticles, their chemical and physicals properties, and how they interact in biological systems with proteins, immune systems and targeted cells. Risk assessment of nanoparticles for human use is described, including: cellular paradigms, transcriptomics and toxicogenomics.

This book provides an insightful and useful forum to help understand the relevance of hydrogen peroxide generation in human biology. This book is for readers with an interest in the generation of ROS, but without expertise in chemistry, and experts in oxidative stress, but without detailed understanding of the biologically relevant setting.

Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is a worldwide, public health problem in both developed and developing countries. This volume highlights the most recent research findings on the impact of this nutrient in oxidative stress, immunity, and aging. The book examines vitamin D¿s genomic and nongenomic effects, the role of therapeutic analogs in treating disease, and the production of vitamin D by the body. It discusses its role in modulating oxidative stress and regulating the immune response as well as its role in the regulation of the aging process.

Barker and his associates suggested a possible link between fetal nutrition and the development of disease risk in adult life. Suggesting that individuals are subject to risks for more than just the fetal period, this book covers several interrelated aspects of cellular programming related to early nutrition and this potential global health problem

An essential resource for scientists and researchers of nutrition, aging, and metabolic diseases, this book highlights the interactions among nutrients, epigenetics, and health. It presents new information on the action of diet and nutritional determinants in regulating the epigenetic control of gene expression in health and disease. Each chapter gives a unique perspective on a different nutritional or dietary component or group of components, and reveals novel mechanisms by which dietary factors modulate the epigenome and affect development processes, chronic disease, and the aging process.

About 30% of the general population suffers from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the incidence of more serious fatty liver disorders increases with obesity. This volume discusses the current understanding of the development of fatty liver disease and reviews its clinical aspects. Expert contributors discuss the absorption and metabolism of fat in the liver and summarize research findings regarding the impact of oxidative stress, inflammation, and nutrition on the disease development and progression.

There is now a large amount of data available for human beings, showing health beneficial hormetic effects of mild stresses from physical, chemical, nutritional, and mental sources. However, these data are dispersed in the literature and not always interpreted as hormetic effects, thus restricting their full apprehension and application. A comprehensive discussion of the research, this book is composed of four sections: (I) History and Terminology, (II) Evidence for Hormesis in Human Beings, (III) Molecular Mechanisms of Hormesis, and (IV) Hormesis in Risk Assessment.

Brings together researchers from a variety of fields to compare normal aging and disease-related neurodegeneration in terms of susceptibility to and effects of oxidative stress. This book address how these effects can be attenuated, and examines whether antioxidants and natural micronutrients, such as those found in Gingko biloba can play a role.

Covers antioxidants in beverages and herbal products, nitric oxide and selenium. This book highlights research on food-derived antioxidants and biomarkers; vitamins E and C; coenzyme Q; carotenoids, flavoroids and other polyphenols; antioxidants in beverages and herbal products; and, the thiol antioxidants glutathione and lipoic acid.

Since the nineteenth century, when engineers were using nitroglycerin to blow up rockbeds, and doctors were prescribing it to relieve angina, scientists have been exploring the incredible and often baffling behavior of nitric oxide. This title showcases the useful diversity of cellular effects elicited by nitric oxide.

Features research on the role of oxidants and dietary antioxidants in the modulation of gene expression, aging, immune function, neuroprotection, and vascular heath. This book covers the relationship between oxidants, antioxidants, and gene expression, as well as molecular techniques for the study of redox-regulated signal transduction.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a factor in a myriad of pathophysiological conditions, including age-related neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. This volume examines themes essential for the maintenance of the mitochondrial redox (reduction-oxidation) energy axis. Topics include electron transport and energy production, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitochondrial signaling, and apoptosis and autophagy. The book also explores pharmacology signaling and epigenetic signaling, with discussions on mitochondrial methylation and acetylation reactions. The information in this volume is critical to those developing mitochondrion-targeted therapies aimed at assuaging mitochondrial dysfunction or the specific factors contributing to its dysfunction.

Flavonoids exert a multiplicity of biological effects on humans and can have beneficial implications for numerous disease states. This volume examines current knowledge regarding the absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability of individual flavonoids and related phenolic compounds. Edited by internationally recognized leaders in the field, the book presents contributions by a panel of experts who demonstrate the potential of flavonoids in ameliorating a range of disease states, including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer¿s and Parkinson¿s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. This research provides a reliable starting point for further inquiry and experimentation.

Discussing the role of dysregulated inflammation and lifestyle in chronic diseases, this book looks at the link between inflammation and a range of disorders such as neurodegenerative, pulmonary, rheumatic, arthritic, gastrointestinal, skin, heart, and infectious diseases; asthma; insulin resistance; cancer; neuropsychiatric disorders; and chronic wounds. For each ailment, contributors review the clinical and scientific literature, examine current and potential therapies, and suggest directions for future research. Exploring how the suppression of pro-inflammatory pathways may provide opportunities for prevention and treatment, the book examines conventional pharmacotherapies such as steroids and NSAIDs alongside anti-inflammatory dietary agents.

Lipid oxidation has long been regarded as a deleterious process responsible for lipid rancidity, loss of function, and generation of toxic products. However in recent years, research has also focused on the non-detrimental physiological and pathological effects of these chemical reactions. This book provides an up-to-date review of the role of oxidized lipid products in physiological and pathophysiological processes. Topics include the mechanisms of lipid oxidation, antioxidant defenses, lipid oxidation products, cell signaling, and the roles of oxidized lipids in specific diseases. The book also discusses drug targeting and the therapeutic potential of oxidized lipids

Obesity leads to a host of pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. This book focuses on the effects of obesity on systemic inflammation. It addresses the epidemiology of obesity-induced inflammation and the adipokine mediators that link adipose tissue to inflammation.

Focusing on the redox regulation of cell signaling responsible for oxidative stress and inflammatory tissue damage, this reference presents a comprehensive overview of research on the intracellular events mediating or preventing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory processes induced by endogenous and xenobiotic factors.

The book contains an update of glutathione biosynthesis with special emphasis on its regulation in adaptive stress responses. Other chapters review glutathione transport systems and glutathione peroxidases and their differences in substrate specificities and localization.

Vitamin C holds a unique place in scientific and cultural history. This book surveys this history also provides updates on recent uses of Vitamin C in cancer therapy, the treatment of infectious disease, and the potential for stem cell transplantation, as well as other health implications.

Flavonoids exert a multiplicity of biological effects on humans and can have beneficial implications for numerous disease states. This volume examines current knowledge regarding the absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability of individual flavonoids and related phenolic compounds. Edited by internationally recognized leaders in the field, the book presents contributions by a panel of experts who demonstrate the potential of flavonoids in ameliorating a range of disease states, including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer¿s and Parkinson¿s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. This research provides a reliable starting point for further inquiry and experimentation.

High doses of vitamins have been used to treat cancer. This book explores the ways Vitamin C retards cancers through the perturbation of multiple cellular pathways, by eliciting a hypoxic response in cancer cells, by stimulation of radio-sensitivity, and by reprogramming somatic cell activities. A chapter summarizes clinical trials and therapies.