Bøger udgivet af WESTPHALIA PR

Popular culture studies are pertinent to many academic fields, ranging from art, music, communications, marketing, and history to political science and anthropology. The subject has had a tremendous impact on research. For example, as political history became less the study of diplomatic history, and as the relevance of all kinds of evidence from neglected topics such as the stage, cinema, sociology and design, and myriad other areas staked their claims, the subject increased enormously in value. A catalyst for the field was the establishment of the Far West Popular Culture Association in 1988. Popular Culture Review, the Far West Popular Culture Association's biannual journal, is chock full of material that is available nowhere else. Westphalia Press and the Policy Studies Organization are proud to bring the collection back into print. Many of the papers originated in the annual meeting of popular culture researchers in Las Vegas, started in 1968, which happily continues and brings people from all over the world to ponder a wide variety of topics; so much so that is hard to think of a problem or policy that the journal does not have value in illuminating. Its insights have long come of age and become an essential tool in the scholar's repertoire.

Popular culture studies are pertinent to many academic fields, ranging from art, music, communications, marketing, and history to political science and anthropology. The subject has had a tremendous impact on research. For example, as political history became less the study of diplomatic history, and as the relevance of all kinds of evidence from neglected topics such as the stage, cinema, sociology and design, and myriad other areas staked their claims, the subject increased enormously in value. A catalyst for the field was the establishment of the Far West Popular Culture Association in 1988. Popular Culture Review, the Far West Popular Culture Association's biannual journal, is chock full of material that is available nowhere else. Westphalia Press and the Policy Studies Organization are proud to bring the collection back into print. Many of the papers originated in the annual meeting of popular culture researchers in Las Vegas, started in 1968, which happily continues and brings people from all over the world to ponder a wide variety of topics; so much so that is hard to think of a problem or policy that the journal does not have value in illuminating. Its insights have long come of age and become an essential tool in the scholar's repertoire.

Popular culture studies are pertinent to many academic fields, ranging from art, music, communications, marketing, and history to political science and anthropology. The subject has had a tremendous impact on research. For example, as political history became less the study of diplomatic history, and as the relevance of all kinds of evidence from neglected topics such as the stage, cinema, sociology and design, and myriad other areas staked their claims, the subject increased enormously in value. A catalyst for the field was the establishment of the Far West Popular Culture Association in 1988. Popular Culture Review, the Far West Popular Culture Association's biannual journal, is chock full of material that is available nowhere else. Westphalia Press and the Policy Studies Organization are proud to bring the collection back into print. Many of the papers originated in the annual meeting of popular culture researchers in Las Vegas, started in 1968, which happily continues and brings people from all over the world to ponder a wide variety of topics; so much so that is hard to think of a problem or policy that the journal does not have value in illuminating. Its insights have long come of age and become an essential tool in the scholar's repertoire.

Clifford Halifax was actually the pseudonym of Edgar Beaumont (1860-1921). Interestingly, he used this name only when writing with L. T. Meade. Beaumont was indeed a physician operating in the UK and wrote a variety of works related to being a physician, including This Troublesome World (1893), The Sanctuary Club (1899) and A Race With the Sun (1901). He also published a variety of short stories, with his work bordering on somewhere between semi-autobiographical, horror, detective and science fiction. L. T. Meade was also a pseudonym for Elizabeth Thomasina Meade Smith (1844-1914), whose work also stretched into various territories, including detective, fantasy, romance and science fiction. Including those works with Beaumont, Meade was also responsible for works such as A Master of Mysteries (1898), The Desire of Man: An Impossibility (1899), and The Sorceress of the Strand (1903). Describing her as a prolific author would be an understatement; she is credited with writing over 300 books in her life. She was active in other areas as well, including being a member of the Pioneer club, formed in 1892 by Emily Massingberd and predominately aimed to promote feminism and higher thought. This edition is dedicated to Dr. Bonnie Stabile, versatile leader in public health publishing.

About this Workshop and Tabletop Exercise Package: This InfraGard National Electromagnetic Pulse Special Interest Group (EMP SIG) exercise package facilitates discussions, planning and preparation for catastrophic events involving the electrical grid and the cascading impacts to other critical infrastructure and the community. It includes three separate scenarios to examine how different causes of grid failure can affect local communities and warrant preparedness efforts. For a facilitator's guide contact the EMP SIG at: igempsig@infragardmembers.org White House National Science & Technology Council Recommendations from the Second Goal of the 2015 National Space Weather Strategy: - "Complete an all-hazards power outage response and recovery plan: -- for extreme space weather event and the long-term loss of electric power and cascading effects on other critical infrastructure sectors; - Other low-frequency, high-impact events are also capable of causing long-term power outages on a regional or national scale. - The plan must include the Whole Community and enable the prioritization of core capabilities." - "Develop and conduct exercises to improve and test Federal, State, regional, local, and industry-related space weather response and recovery plans: Exercising plans and capturing lessons learned enables ongoing improvement in event response and recovery capabilities." For more information about White House NSTC recommendations see: http: //www.dhs.gov/national-space-weather-strategy About the InfraGard National EMP SIG: The EMP SIG was formed in July 2011 for the purpose of sharing information about catastrophic threats to our nation's critical infrastructure and encouraging local communities to become more resilient. Threats include extreme space weather, manmade electromagnetic pulse (EMP), cyber-attacks, coordinated physical attacks, and pandemics. On October 3-6, 2011, the EMP SIG instigated and cohosted workshops and exercises at the National Defense University at Ft. McNair in Washington, DC and the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, MD examining scenarios of national level power grid failures due to extreme space weather. In December 2014, the EMP SIG led a workshop and tabletop exercise at the National Guard Association of the US to look at grid collapse scenarios due either to space weather, EMP or cyber attacks from which this package was developed.

The InfraGard National Electromagnetic Pulse Special Interest Group (EMP SIG) was formed in July 2011 for the purpose of sharing information about catastrophic threats to our nation's critical infrastructure. Those threats include extreme space weather, manmade EMP, cyber attacks, coordinated physical attacks and pandemics. The ultimate goal of the EMP SIG is to assist local communities to enhance their own sustainability with a special emphasis on developing protected local infrastructure ranging from local power generation and energy storage to water and food production. On October 3-6, 2011, the EMP SIG instigated and cohosted workshops and exercises at the National Defense University at Ft. McNair in Washington, D.C. and the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, MD examining scenarios of national level power grid failures due to extreme space weather. On December 4, 2014, the EMP SIG led a workshop and table top exercise at the National Guard Association of the US to look at grid collapse scenarios due either to space weather, EMP or cyber attacks and developed a Triple Threat Power Grid Exercise. On December 5, 2014 the EMP SIG led public sessions at the Dupont Summit that examined these issues in light of recent developments. Beginning December 2015, the EMP SIG will develop a planning framework for organizations to use to enhance their own continuity of operations and disaster plans in light of the new National Space Weather Strategy. Information on these planning materials and upcoming activities can be acquired by contacting the EMP SIG at igempsig@infragardmembers.org. To join InfraGard and the EMP SIG, begin the application procedure on the home page of InfraGard.org.

About the Book The book brings together reviews of books published between 2012 and 2015 about the Middle East and North Africa. The subject coverage spans the humanities, arts, and social sciences but excludes books on science and technology. Reviews are written by experts in the respective subject area and offer detailed, informative and critical information designed to assist scholars, as well as librarians. These published reviews are supplemented by regularly published reviews that appear on the Middle East Media & Book Reviews web site, membr.uwm.edu. About the Editors Mohammed M. Aman, PhD is Professor and former Dean of the School of Information Studies and Interim Dean of the School of Education at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA. He is the founder and Editor-in-Chief of the Wiley-Blackwell/Policy Studies Organization (PSO) peer reviewed journal Digest of Middle East Studies (DOMES) and the online journal Middle East Media & Book Reviews (MEMBR).His academic experience includes teaching and senior administration at St. John's University and Long Island University in New York and since 1979 at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Professor Aman is the author of more than 200 articles, book chapters and is author or editor of fourteen books. Mary Jo Aman, MLIS is Associate Editor of the Digest of Middle East Studies (DOMES) and the Middle East Media and Book Reviews (MEMBR) and former Editor of the Newsletter of the International Board of Books for Young People (IBBY). She is the co-editor of Middle East: Conflicts & Reforms; and New Directions in the Middle East. (PSO/Westphalia Press, 2014). Ms. Aman held a number of academic teaching and administrative positions. Ms. Aman has taught at St. John's University in New York; Cardinal Stritch College and UWM in Milwaukee, WI. She is the recipient of a number of awards among them: Wisconsin State Senate Recognition Award; Citation of Merit from the Milwaukee Board of Supervisors; and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Ernest Spaights Award for Outstanding Contributions to UWM.

Mrs. S. L. Baldwin was born Ester M. Jerman to Reverend M. and Joanna Jerman on November 8, 1840. She attended the Pennington Seminary when it was a collegiate institute for women, earned a Methodist Episcopal studies diploma, and was the valedictorian of her class in 1859. She married Rev. Stephen L. Baldwin in April of 1862. She was a real daughter of the manse, and by the time she had written ***Must the Chinese Go?*** she had been a missionary in China for 18 years. But the Northern Christian Advocate reviewed her work in irritation, criticizing that "portions of it are only stinging and bold satire." Baldwin cites, sometimes with tongue in cheek, the arguments against Chinese immigration that are often lobbed against other groups of immigrants that have also attempted to enter the US: that they are of a lower class, will bring disease, they don't pay taxes, they cheapen labor, and fail to assimilate. Cries against Chinese immigration began in response to the development of the transcontinental railroad which saw the arrival of Chinese immigrants, exploited as cheap labor. The first restrictive Act passed on May 6, 1882, and was the start of a series of increasingly more restrictive laws against Chinese, such as the Act to Prohibit the Coming of Chinese Persons into the United States, known more popularly as the Geary Act of May 1892. It wasn't until the Immigration Act of October 1965 when the exclusionary practices were lifted, despite President Truman's signing of the Act to Repeal the Chinese Exclusion Acts, to Establish Quotas and for Other Purposes in December of 1943.

Far West Popular Culture Association, established in 1988 as a regional division of the national Popular Culture and American Culture Associations, FWPCA and FWACA foster study of all aspects of popular culture worldwide as well as all aspects of American culture. At our conferences held yearly in Las Vegas, we welcome papers in these areas from interested scholars in all disciplines. This multidisciplinary approach makes for a lively exchange of ideas in a most collegial atmosphere. We are student friendly, as our graduate student participants can testify. FWPCA/ACA also sponsors the Popular Culture Review, a lively forum for ideas. PCR, now in its 20th year of publication, is rigorously refereed and is published twice yearly: in Winter and Summer.

Jiu-Jitsu is a style of combat that emerges from feudal Japan and has developed into various forms of other popular styles, such as Judo and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. In its original form, which developed in Japan during the 1500s, it was developed as a way to combat fighting techniques from China, which focused on striking. In contrast, Jiu-Jitsu was developed as a way to immobilize adversaries and throw items as a defense. Grappling skills were central to the fighting style, which was developed to handle close range contact. Jiu-Jitsu techniques proved to be valuable and have since enjoyed many new developments in the style to hone it to the user's needs and interests. For example, during the 1700s a new form emerged, Edo Jiu-Jitsu, which focused on non-armored combatants in every day situations, rather than wartime usage. In Jiu-Jitsu Combact Tricks, author H. Irving Hancock has selected many of these close-range defensive techniques, with photographs to shed light on how to utilize them. This work, being a reprint of a historical, turn of the century volume, helps to illustrate sporting interests and styles of the era as well.

John Lawrence (1824-1899) was a historian of the United Brethren churches and an abolitionist. When he wrote Plain Thoughts there was a clear consensus among his fellow believers that Freemasonry was insidious and diabolical. But in 1889 the United Brethren split into two denominations. Contributing to the schism was the effort of a majority of the members to soften the anti-Masonic teachings of the sect. The larger group eventually merged into the United Methodist Church. The remnant survived as the Old Constitution United Brethren, who to this day retain an anti-Masonic antipathy. The Old Constitution churches maintain a historical center at the Brethren's Huntington University in Indiana, with interesting holdings on the role disputes about Freemasonry have played in the evolution of the denomination, with the United Methodist Church on "the other side" of the dispute. This edition is dedicated to Arturo de Hoyos, Grand Archivist and Grand Historian of the Scottish Rite Southern Jurisdiction, a brilliant researcher of Masonry.

The British Empire's and the English public schools' peculiar system of rituals and rewards had more in common than has been realized. In Chains of Empire, Paul Rich related this to controversies about historical causality, morphic resonance, chaos, and the claims to influence of other bastions of the Imperial ethos such as the traditional gentlemen's clubs of St. James's. Rituals of Empires considers this symbolism in detail. With the trilogy English Public Schools and Ritualistic Imperialism, Paul Rich has interjected himself into a lively controversy over the place of the English public schools in British history. Correlli Barnett blamed the English public schools for Britain's decline, while Cyril Connolly showed that the schoolboy syndrome was a part of British social history. Dr. Rich's trilogy concerns more than the importance of the schools to Imperial rule: it points to new directions in historiography. In his first volume - Elixir of Empire: English Public Schools, Ritualism, Freemasonry and Imperialism - he asserted that the schools espoused a ritualistic style that shaped the Empire. In Rituals of Empire, the public school symbolism reflected in the epipherma of the Empire is explored - and Dr. Rich further substantiates his assertion that Freemasonry was involved with both British Imperialism and the public schools.

The secret cyphers and ritual books of the Eastern Star as well as of other fraternal societies inevitably make their way to the shelves of antiquarian book dealers. Efforts to get families to return documents and regalia when a member dies are more often than not ended in frustration. So we do have, as in the case of this Eastern Star volume, an insight into what happens in Star temples. It is a good starting place for the curious. While the majority of its members in the United States and some other countries belong to bodies that give allegiance to the General Grand Chapter in Washington and have a uniformity in ritual, this manual illustrates that there are independent grand chapters with their own authority over ceremonies. Some examples include New York and New Jersey, Scotland, and the chapters affiliated with Prince Hall, Hiram, St John's and other Masonic grand lodges not part of the dominant grand lodge system. An illustration is that Prince Hall chapters are an instance of retaining degrees no longer worked by General Grand Chapter.

he Philosophical Society of Washington was founded on March 13, 1871. It was preceded by gatherings at the home of Joseph Henry, the great scientist whose discoveries laid the foundations for advances in magnetism and electromagnetism. Since 1887 it has met at the Cosmos Club, in whose founding the Philosophical members played a large part. In 1878, when the Cosmos was founded, there was fear that the Philosophical would start an alternative club, so all the present members of the Philosophical were invited to join as founding members of the Cosmos.

Although sometimes claiming seventeenth and eighteenth century Scandinavian origins and found in Scotland and Canada and Australia, the Eastern Star is really an American secret society closely tied to Freemasonry. Women largely lead it, although some male Masons serve as officers. This collection, made by Carrie Jennings, illustrates how patriotism and fraternalism often combined in the nineteenth and twentieth century United States, producing hybrid rituals of community.

In the 19th century, Écarté was all the rage. The name is French for 'discarded' as the two player game focuses on each playing working to get rid of undesirable cards, and negotiating with the dealer for a set of potentially better cards. The game requires a lot of quick thinking, shuffling, bluffing and luck. It is somewhat similar to Euchre, which was popular in the United States. Although the game can be played with a simple card deck, the rules can become large and cumbersome, or minimal, depending on the players' preference. This work offers a look at various rules and styles of playing Écarté.

The world is not running out of water. As we learn in our early school years, the water cycle continues, with water changing state and location as it moves through the cycle and around the globe. However, we do have a very serious water management challenges. Water resources are unevenly spread around the world and access to water, even to meet basic human needs, is far from equitable. Some communities are challenged with too little water, resulting in drought, famine, and reduced development opportunities. Water scarcity affects more than 40% of the global population, with 633 million people without access to improved water resources and two thirds of the world's population living in those areas that experience water scarcity for at least 1 month a year (United Nations 2017). In June 2015 the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) released its OECD Principles on Water Governance (OECD 2015). The Principles on Water Governance were developed on the premise that there is no one-size-fits-all, but that governance is highly contextual, that water policies need to be tailored to different water resources and places, and that governance responses have to adapt to changing circumstances. The Principles aim to "enhance water governance systems that help manage "too much", "too little", and "too polluted" water in a sustainable, integrated, and inclusive way, at an acceptable cost, and in a reasonable time-frame". In this Issue we present a journey through the lens of six existing frameworks in Europe, Asia-Pacific, Africa, and South America to understand contextual factors enhancing or constraining water governance, and made suggestions to support practical implementation of the principles through better governmental action and stakeholder involvement. We trust that you will enjoy this introduction to some water governance frameworks around the world. We aim to continue this in future editions of New Water Policy and Practice and look forward to your contributions.

Lawrence R. Dicksee was deeply invested in all aspects of numbers when it came to business. He was head of a firm of accountants, Sellars, Dicksee and Co. He was also an esteemed scholar, working as an accounting professor at the University of Birmingham, while also serving as a Lecturer at the London School of Economics. Dicksee began his practice as an accountant in 1886, and then began teaching later, in 1902. Even if students did not take a class with him, they likely encountered him, as he wrote numerous accounting textbooks, such as Advanced Accounting, Hotel Accounts, and Bookkeeping for Accountant Students, among numerous others. Dicksee had a deep impact on accountancy as it is taught, particularly in the United States. Goodwill and its Treatment in Accounts offers one such example. This edition is dedicated to Rex Kallembach, CPA.

"This book begins the process of unraveling some of the most 'wicked' problems in public health." - Tony Iton, MD, JD, MPH-The California Endowment Growing evidence indicates that no single factor-but a system of intertwined causes-explains why America's health is poorer than the health of other wealthy countries and why health inequities persist despite our efforts. Teasing apart the relationships between these many causes to find solutions has proven extraordinarily difficult. But now researchers are uncovering groundbreaking insights using computer-based systems science tools to simulate how these determinants come together to produce levels of population health and disparities and test new solutions. The culmination of over five years of work by experts from a more than a dozen disciplines, this book represents a bold step forward in identifying why some populations are healthy and others are not. Describing a series of studies that apply the techniques of systems science, it shows how these tools can be used to increase our understanding of the individual, group, and institutional factors that generate a wide range of health and social problems. Most importantly, it demonstrates the utility and power of these techniques to both wisely guide our understanding and help policy makers know what works. ... an intellectually courageous undertaking. It faces up to the reality of complexity in the social determinants of health. Its achievements and its documentation of difficulties will serve as a valuable foundation for the next generation of scientists and scholars who aim to understand the determinants of health and of health disparities."> ...goes beyond the search for a simplistic answer to health disparities and instead embraces the complexity. This is exactly what is needed if we are to improve population health and eliminate disparities."> It is increasingly likely that in the non-distant future that population health policy will be fully informed by a coherent computational decision-support system that integrates data, analytics, systems modeling, forecasting, and cost-effectiveness. This book marks a serious movement toward that future." - Donald S. Burke, MD, Associate Vice Chancellor for Global Health, Dean, Graduate School of Public Health UPMC, Jonas Salk Professor of Global Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Recent review of Growing Inequality by Interdisciplinary Association of Population Health Science (IAPHS): https: //iaphs.org/book-review-complex-systems-population-health-insights-network-inequality-complexity-health/ International Journal of Epidemiology "a master-class in how to model and how to apply complexity thinking to public health problems." American Journal of Preventive Medicine "A stronger capacity to understand complex systems would help medicine and public health. It would help us understand the surrounding ecosystem within which A and B operate; the unrecognized factors that shape outcomes; and the smartest system strategies for health care, public health, and social policy to maximize effectiveness. If this occurs, the field may look back at the book by Kaplan et al. as a seminal work that helped launch a new literature. If not, we will continue studying trees and ignoring the forest." American Journal of Public Health: "The editors of Growing Inequality describe new computer-based systems science tools to simulate how social determinants of health disparities are occurring in many important public health outcomes and test new possible solutions."

Editorial Welcome Yoav Gortzak & Patricia J. Campbell Articles Intellectual Property, Cyber Espionage, and Military Diffusion Robert Farley Reacting to Cyber Threats: Protection and Security in the Digital Age Anthony Craig & Brandon Valeriano Arming Cyberspace: The Militarization of a Virtual Domain Miguel Alberto N. Gomez Applying Robert A. Pape's Denial Strategy to Computer Warfare Trevor Sutherland Book Reviews Review of 500 Days: Secrets and Lies in the Terror Wars Robert Smith Review of Propaganda and Intelligence in the Cold War: The NATO Information Service Stephen Coulthart Review of An International History of the Cuban Missile Crisis Briguette Carstensen Review of After the Sheikhs: The Coming Collapse of the Gulf Monarchies Nathan W. Toronto Review of The Rise of Islamic State: ISIS and the New Sunni Revolution; The Islamic State: A Brief Introduction; and The ISIS Apocalypse: The History, Strategy and Doomsday Vision of the Islamic State Gregory Moore

Editorial Welcome Yoav Gortzak & Patricia J. Campbell Articles The Future of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Mike Fowler Business As Usual: The Egyptian-U.S. Intelligence Relationship Michele Black & Osamah Alhenaki Applying a Critical Thinking Framework to Improve Intelligence Analysis James Hess & Curtis Friedel Anthropological Theory and Intelligence David W. Kriebel Book Reviews Review of Torture: A Sociology of Violence and Human Rights Julie Mazzei Review of The Future of Intelligence: Challenges in the Twenty-First Century Jason Anderson Review of Drone Warfare: Killing by Remote Control Manley Frost Revw of Emergency Presidential Power: From the Drafting of the Constitution to the War on Terror Gregory Moore Review of Killing by Remote Control: The Ethics of an Unmanned Military Sarah da Mota Review of The Ethics of Intelligence: A New Framework (Studies in Intelligence Series) Danielle K. Johnson

How do you summarize a life in just a few words? William Andrews takes readers on a journey through strange and unusual epitaphs of the 19th century in England, featuring a variety of both notable and obscure figures: servants, soldiers, clergy, musicians, clerks and more. Andrews' work is not only a collection of epitaphs, as he also describes the burial places in detail and contextualizes his findings when possible. The epitaphs remind us of the long and ever changing history of remembering the deceased. As many of these gravestones have disappeared over time, Andrews' writings are invaluable to scholars. Andrews had an interest in the macabre. In addition to authoring Curious Epitaphs, he wrote Bygone Punishments, which examined the dark history of criminal justice in England, including pressing, boiling and hanging. He was not all gloom and doom of course, but loved writing, and penned England in the Days of Old, Literary Byways, and edited volumes such as Bygone Chuch Life in Scotland, Ecclesiastical Curiosities, and The Church Treasury of History, Custom, Folk-Lore.

This is a primary source for the history of Pennsylvania's Wyoming Valley by someone deeply rooted in its society. Mary Hinchcliffe Joyce (1882-1938) was born in Sabastopol, Jenkins Township in Pennsylvania, and graduated from St. John's High School. She did not attend college, but worked as a stenographer and bookkeeper at the Howell and King Brewery. A successful marriage made her a mainstay of life in the region, with service in myriad local groups-the Pittston Hospital Auxiliary, the Mothers' Assistance Board of Luzerne County and the Luzerne County Historical Society. She was married to state senator, Patrick F. Joyce. In addition to being a politician, he and other associates owned Howell and King, making it into a soda pop and desserts business during Prohibition. His business success enabled him to maintain a large racing stable. This edition is dedicated to Isaiah Akin, who has demonstrated a keen appreciated for the materials by which history is constructed.

Popular culture studies are pertinent to many academic fields, ranging from art, music, communications, marketing, and history to political science and anthropology. The subject has had a tremendous impact on research. For example, as political history became less the study of diplomatic history, and as the relevance of all kinds of evidence from neglected topics such as the stage, cinema, sociology and design, and myriad other areas staked their claims, the subject increased enormously in value. A catalyst for the field was the establishment of the Far West Popular Culture Association in 1988. Popular Culture Review, the Far West Popular Culture Association's biannual journal, is chock full of material that is available nowhere else. Westphalia Press and the Policy Studies Organization are proud to bring the collection back into print. Many of the papers originated in the annual meeting of popular culture researchers in Las Vegas, started in 1968, which happily continues and brings people from all over the world to ponder a wide variety of topics; so much so that is hard to think of a problem or policy that the journal does not have value in illuminating. Its insights have long come of age and become an essential tool in the scholar's repertoire.

General John Forbes (1707-1759) was a British Army officer most known for serving during the French and Indian War. The letters contained in this volume are from the Forbes Expedition he led, which was ultimately successful in capturing the French-held Fort Duquesne. The fort was established in 1754, located in what is Pittsburgh today. Ultimately, Fort Du Quesne (as it was originally known) would be destroyed by the British and replaced by Fort Pitt. The site was a highly trafficked trading post and in a strategic location, which resulted in it being constantly under attack. The Forbes Expedition took place in 1758, with the goal of capturing the fort. Forbes led somewhere between 6,000-8,000 soldiers, but had difficulty as he was quite ill with dysentery, so he relied on Lt. Col. Henry Boquet, his second in command. It was a very slow moving process, since the army had to construct roads and traverse the Allegheny Front. This inclusive collection of letters highlights military, medical and other facets of an important episode in American history. The new edition is dedicated to James Denton, enthusiast for American history and publisher of note.

Despite the name, The City of London is only a small part of metropolitan London, and is further unique in that it boasts of its own government. This centers on the ancient companies, or guilds, which in the Middle Ages held sway over the various crafts-fish mongering, goldsmithing, the fur trade, and so on-but which today have endowments to advance education, health, and other charities. It is from the members of the guilds that the Lord Mayor and other city officers are selected. The guilds do retain an interest in their trade connections of many years ago, and in this case the Glaziers, who began in 1328, still 700 years later play a part in the preservation of stained glass and in its manufacture. The literature of the guilds owes much to Victorian and Edwardian antiquaries who created valuable collections of documents now often lost. Charles Henry Ashdown wrote voluminously on castles, early armaments, and the history of St. Albans, but his volume on the glaziers is surely one of his most valuable tomes.

Gregory Thomas Martin is a versatile composer and musicologist who has composed music for ensembles, electronica, choir, film, theater, dance, and orchestra. He has received grants from the Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation, the New York State Council for the Arts, and the Eugene and Agnes Meyer Foundation. He has scored numerous plays, credited as Gregg Martin, and his compositions for Shakespeare radio adaptations have been extensively broadcast. He both composed and wrote the libretto for his opera-Life in Death-performed at the Kennedy Center's Millennium Stage. He writes on music technology and aesthetics. This is the second in a series by him complementing the degrees of the Scottish Rite. The first-Fiat Lux- suggested by the 4th Degree, premiered at the annual meeting in 2014 of the Grand Lodge of California and was dedicated to John Cooper. This composition-Ordo ab Chao-is suggested by the 33rd Degree of Inspector General, to premier at the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the House of the Temple in Washington in 2015, and is dedicated to Brent Morris, renowned Masonic historian. Additional pieces will premier at various important Masonic events, including the World Conference on Fraternalism in Paris in 2017, and the entire project illustrative of all the degrees will be completed by 2023.