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This book illustrates that the idea of a 'national' literature is profoundly problematic. Chapters on boundaries and crisscrossing show how a nation and its writers' works do not exist in isolation from their history. Stressing migration and (inter)cultural dialogue, authors explore how the characters in the texts establish a sense of belonging both within the context of migrations and within the context of Lithuania since its independence. The final series of essays in this book discuss Lithuanian literature abroad, that is, in translation.

Literarische und visuelle Repräsentationen zum Ersten Weltkrieg zeigen trotz nationaler Prägungen oft Parallelen und übergreifende Themen auf, die es ermöglichen, über Grenzen und Zeiten hinweg Brücken zu schlagen. Die zehn Beiträge fokussieren diesen Krieg, dessen Erinnerungskulturen häufig noch nationalkulturell geprägt sind, aus unterschiedlichen methodischen und Fach-Perspektiven. Durch die Analyse beispielhafter Werke verschiedenster Nationen und Mediengattungen tragen die Beiträge dazu bei, wichtige Themen im Zusammenhang mit literarischen und visuellen Darstellungen des >Great War< in den öffentlichen Diskurs zu rücken. Die Beiträge verdeutlichen, dass Künstler:innen, Filmemacher:innen und Autor:innen sich über Zeiten und Nationen hinweg der großen Tragweite dieses Konfliktes bewusst sind und trotz der Heterogenität ihrer Arbeiten diese auch immer wieder dazu nutzen, wichtige übergreifende Themen zu explizieren, die über nationale Grenzen hinausgehen.The ten contributions to this collection of essays focus on literary and visual representations of the First World War, a war that is still very much remembered in a national context. The authors analyse exemplary representations of sundry media, each part of a different national cultural memory, that stem from diverging time spans. The texts demonstrate that while there are still national differences in remembering this war through literature and visuals, these representations are also full of parallels. Artists, filmmakers and authors are aware of the momentousness of this world war and despite the heterogeneity of their work also use it to address universal themes that help build bridges across borders and times. By focusing on these exemplary representations, the authors of the ten essays contribute to moving important topics into public discourse.

The memory of the living and the dead was part of the functioning of monastic and secular communities, dynasties and aristocratic families. The relationship of debitores and fundatores is key to understanding the "mentality" of the era of the formation of Imperium Christianum. The donations made "pro remedio animae nostre et genitoris nostris" indicate the memorial function of transferring the prayer duties of the power elites (or whole groups and communities) to the clergy and illustrate the belief of medieval people in the importance of intercessory prayer. This volume is a memoir of the Piasts and Boleslaw the Brave on the 1000th anniversary of his coronation. It symbolically closes the study of the millennium of the baptism of Poland (966-1966) and opens the study of the early Middle Ages in Poland and Central Europe.

This is the third and final volume of essays issuing from the Leverhulme International Network 'Renaissance Conflict and Rivalries: Cultural Polemics in Europe, c. 1300-c. 1650'. The overall aim of the network was to examine the various ways in which conflict and rivalries made a positive contribution to cultural production and change during the Renaissance. The present volume, which contains papers delivered at the third colloquium, draws that examination to a close by considering a range of different strategies deployed in the period to manage conflict and rivalries and to bring them to a positive resolution. The papers explore these developments in the context of political, diplomatic, social, institutional, religious, and art history.

Die (Sub-)Gattung Frauenkrimi gilt als Erfindung der Verlagspolitik und Literaturkritik der 1980er Jahre, im 21. Jahrhundert verschwand sie allerdings (fast völlig) aus den Verlagsprogrammen. Wie jede kriminalliterarische Form durchlief auch der Frauenkrimi viele Entwicklungsstufen, versuchte sich als (weibliches) Gesellschaftssprachrohr und spiegelte die sich verändernden Wirklichkeitsverhältnisse wider, bis er sich im Zuge der Feminismus-Debatten nicht mehr als salonfähig erwies. Wohlgemerkt als Begriff, weniger als kriminalästhetisches Narrativ, denn auch heute werden sowohl in West- und Osteuropa Frauenkrimis verfasst, die man jedoch nicht mehr als solche labelt. Das Ziel des vorliegenden Sammelbandes ist die (Sub-)Gattung anhand von exemplarischen Textanalysen zu konturieren. Women's crime fiction as a (sub) genre is an invention of literary criticism and the publishing industry of the 1980s. In the 21st century it has almost completely disappeared from publishing agendas. Like other forms of detective fiction, women's crime fiction went through many stages of development. It tried to serve as a social mouthpiece for women's issues, it reflected the changing reality, only to finally be recognized as a relic by the feminist debate - as a concept, not as a crime narrative, because today, both in Western and Eastern Europe, women's crime fiction is still written, however, it isn't referred to as "feminine". The purpose of analyzing the examples of women's crime fiction collected in this volume is to describe the aforementioned (sub)genre.

The analyses focus on succession and obligation law norms shaping the legal status of an heir and their comparison within Polish and German law systems. The book analyses the impact of the instruments of contract law on the status of an heir. The adopted methodology combining the internal-national and external-comparative perspective allows the authors to present "similarities in dissimilarities" within institutions of the German and Polish succession law. The broad analyses of legal doctrine and jurisprudence can serve as a source of knowledge and points of reference for legal practitioners, courts and legislators.

The nursing process generally is understood as key element of professional nursing care in Germany. This study follows this argument back to the introduction of the nursing process in the 1970s and 1980s. At that time, the German healthcare system underwent dramatic changes and economic reorganization, which can be understood as the emergence of the neoliberal rationale in Germany. The argument of cost explosion was used to restructure hospitals into enterprises that were to operate based on the logic of the market. Its cybernetic logic made the nursing process an ideal instrument to restructure nursing care. Perspectives of governmentality and critical accounting reveal the nursing process as an accounting tool which has made nursing calculable. And while German nurses valued its potential for professionalization, the findings suggest that a newly constituted accountable nursing vocation can instead be considered as de-professionalizing.

International knowledge transfer in religious education (RE) is still a fairly new topic. Many scholars in the field consider this discussion of prime importance for the future of both the academic discipline of religious education and the related school subject RE. This book continues this discussion and specifies it in the direction of teacher education. Its focus is on the challenges that teacher students and their trainers are facing in the light of RE in a pluralized and detraditionalized society. The impact of these challenges on RE research is obvious. However, international exchange of research results for purposes of comparison and mutual enrichment is still rare. This book provides insights that can encourage and facilitate this exchange.

European society in the 21st century is characterised by increasing linguistic and cultural diversity and this offers valuable resources both on the economic and ideational level. At the same time, this growing diversity raises challenges to societies in terms of ensuring greater equity and social cohesion. In this book, the authors discuss the role of languages and multilingualism in the education system and at the interface of formal education and the home environment in this time of transition. They offer perspectives of four European countries, namely Germany, Greece, Ireland and Poland. By this, the authors aim to provide teacher educators, interested teachers and also other stakeholders in the education system with essential contextual information and related pedagogical considerations in the areas of language acquisition, multilingualism, multilingual upbringing, whole-school development and language-sensitive teaching.

Many countries in Asia are inhabited by multi-segment societies diversified in terms of race, religion, language and economic status. They have repeatedly provided the basis for analysis of the search for consensus in the construction of a political scene that would ensure the participation in power of each group. Regardless of the chosen model, the distribution of power in multi-segment societies has always been characterized by a state of "unstable equilibrium". Practical solutions constantly evolved between consociationalism, centripetalism, federalism. In extreme cases they led to political disintegration of states or to permanent domination of one of the segments, most often based on authoritarian solutions. In this volume, a group of scholars specializing in countries of the region try to point out the dynamics of the "unstable equilibrium" of power sharing in particular Asian countries and analyze the trends occurring in them in the 21st century.

How have the arrangements in European countries regarding the functioning of justice changed in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic? Will the solutions implemented in various countries in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic last and find their place in the legal systems of these countries for a longer period of time? The contributors analyse this in four thematic blocks: The first refers to the impact of COVID-19 on the administration and technical functioning of the judiciary, including international courts. The second part focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on the model of civil procedure, including the effects on general and structural principles such as the principle of openness, writing and oral proceedings, the principle of consistency of panels of judges as well as digitalization. The third refers to the impact of COVID-19 on criminal proceedings. And the last one deals with the impact of COVID-19 on the administrative proceedings.

Childhood in neo-Victorian fiction for both child and adult readers is an extremely multifaceted and fascinating field. This book argues that neo-Victorian fiction projects multiple, competing visions of childhood and suggests that they can be analysed by means of a typology, the 'childhood scale', which provides different categories along the lines of power relations, and literary possible-worlds theory. The usefulness of both is exemplified by detailed discussions of Philippa Pearce's "Tom's Midnight Garden" (1958), Eva Ibbotson's "Journey to the River Sea" (2001), Sarah Waters' "Fingersmith" (2002) and Dianne Setterfield's "The Thirteenth Tale" (2006).

Romance is a fertile ground for linguistic research. Instead of limiting their studies to one specialised area, some Romance scholars have managed to combine different aspects of the broad field of Romance linguistics in an impressive way. This volume is dedicated to the multifaceted research interests of Guido Mensching: Part 1 focusses on different aspects of the architecture of grammar and linguistic theory, covering Italian, Portuguese, French, Sardinian and Romance. The focus of Part 2 is on historical linguistics, discussing Old Occitan lexicography and Romance in Hebrew scripts. Part 3 is dedicated to aspects relating to plurilingualism, language contact and sociolinguistics. Part 4 explores research arguments that go beyond Romance philology but are nonetheless intertwined with it.

Angesichts der aktuellen Debatten um die Werte unserer Kultur ist der Deutschunterricht gefordert wie selten zuvor: Literarische Texte fördern die Entwicklung von Kulturbewusstheit und stellen somit eine elementare Voraussetzung für Wertbildungsprozesse und Identitätsentwicklung dar. Doch was können die Klassiker der deutschen Literatur hierzu beitragen? Im Blick auf die Herausforderungen einer durch Migration und Flucht bedingten Veränderung der Schüler:innenschaft sind didaktische Konzepte gefragt, welche die neue gesellschaftliche Verantwortung des Deutschunterrichts für gelingende Integration entwickeln und mitgestalten. Daher beschäftigt sich der Band insbesondere mit der Frage, welche Lernprozesse die Bewusstwerdung von Werten begünstigen, damit ein erfolgreiches Zusammenleben innerhalb der Gesellschaft möglich ist.In view of current debates about the values of our culture, the teaching of German faces claims higher than ever before: literary texts promote the development of cultural awareness and thus they are an elementary prerequisite for value formation processes and identity development. But in what way can the classics of German literature contribute to this? Considering the challenges of a change in the student body caused by migration and flight, didactic concepts are required that develop and help shape the new social responsibility of the teaching of German with reference to a succeeding integration. Therefore, the volume deals in particular with the question of which learning processes promote the awareness of values in order to allow for a successful coexistence within society.

This volume pays homage to Monika Seidl, a key figure of cultural studies at the University of Vienna's Department of English and American Studies and spotlights her many achievements in the field. The Festschrift on the occasion of her retirement reflects on cultural studies as a discipline, its history and possible futures, aspects of care as in crisis and as practiced by Monika Seidl, and engages with her academic work in articles of different styles by contributors including Magdalena Berger, Lawrence Grossberg, Sabine Harrer, Roman Horak, Christian Huck, Thomas Kühn, Elisabeth Lechner and Judith Kohlenberger, Barbara Maly-Bowie, Timo Frühwirth and Sandra Mayer, Anette Pankratz, Annegret Pelz, Monika Pietrzak-Franger, Julia Pühringer, Susanne Reichl, Ranthild Salzer and John Storey. It includes a preface by Alexandra Ganser.

Edyta Wieclawska presents the structural and functional aspects of binomials in English/Polish company registration discourse. She analyses and discusses frequency data from the sociolinguistic perspective. Her work contributes original and innovative research shedding new light on the perennial issue of legal formulacity as evidenced through binomial expressions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the volume fits within the research domains of linguistics and law (jurlinguistics, legal linguistics), translation studies and commercial law.

Recent research on singlehood shifts from the previous concentration of negative life outcomes of single status towards a concentration on positive outcomes. Further, most studies concerning singlehood have been performed in North American countries. Therefore, exploring factors related to single people's happiness and the specificity of singlehood in other than North American countries is becoming increasingly important. The authors utilize the data collected in the European Social Survey (ESS) in the period of 16 years (2002-2018) to determine the shares of never-married single adults in Europe and explore various factors associated with the happiness of single adults across 33 European countries. This monograph shows the review of definitions of singlehood, the rates of single individuals in each of the 33 European countries and across nine ESS rounds, and the socio-demographic profile of singles. It also presents the results of the analyses concerning the subjective well-being and general health of single people, basic human values, and religion.

Gewaltereignisse formen Landschaften und Orte grundlegend neu. Die in diesem Band versammelten Beiträge eröffnen interdisziplinäre Perspektiven auf die Art und Weise, wie Gewalt ihre Schauplätze materiell verändert und wie sich daran geknüpfte Narrative und Diskurse, Ereignisse und Akteure aufeinander beziehen. Die Fallbeispiele reichen von der Antike über das Mittelalter bis in die Neuzeit und adressieren kriegerische Kampfplätze, militarisierte Grenzen sowie Gewalt- und Vernichtungsorte der Shoah. Im Verständnis der Interdisziplinären Arbeitsgruppe Konfliktlandschaften (IAK) der Universität Osnabrück geht es dabei um eine Integration von naturwissenschaftlichen, sozial- sowie kulturwissenschaftlichen Ansätzen, die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der materiellen und der diskursiven Ebene in einem Prozess fortwährender Transformation der so entstehenden Geschichtsorte fassbar macht.

Schmerzen sind zwar eine historische Konstante, aber stark kulturell und zeitspezifisch geprägt. Geschlechterordnungen beeinflussen, was als schmerzhaft empfunden und wie Schmerz ausgedrückt, vermittelt und gedeutet wird. Die in diesem Heft versammelten Beiträge veranschaulichen anhand von Fallstudien die Verknüpfungen von Geschlecht und Schmerz. Die behandelten Themen reichen von selbst zugefügten Schmerzen in psychiatrischen Kontexten oder Selbstverletzungen in queer-feministischen künstlerischen Praktiken über Deutungen von Geburtsschmerzen durch männliche Mediziner bis hin zu den von griechischen Frauen praktizierten Trauerritualen und dem Versuch einer jüdischen Fotografin, das Trauma der Shoah künstlerisch zu fassen. Der Schwerpunkt der Aufsätze liegt auf dem Europa des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts.Aus dem Inhalt: Schmerzen unter der Geburt / Selbstbestrafungen im Fokus der Tiroler Psychiatrie im Vormärz / Dora Kallmus' Post-War 'Slaughterhouse' Photographs (1949-1958) / Selbstverletzung als Self-Empowerment in der Performance Art / Imaginationen von Frauenemanzipation zwischen Deutschland und den USA bei Hugo Münsterberg (1863-1916) / Female Expressions of Pain in the Lamentation Songs of Mani in Modern Greece / Looking at History through the Lens of the Body: Kathleen Canning im Gespräch mit Heidrun Zettelbauer / Anti-Genderismus und Pädophilie-Diskurs als politisch-kirchlicher Kampfplatz am Fallbeispiel UngarnPain, although a historical constant, is culturally and temporally specific. Cultural gender orders influence what is perceived as painful and how pain is expressed, communicated and interpreted. The articles collected in this special issue illustrate the interlinkage of gender and pain. The case studies address a number of topics, from deliberately self-inflicted pain in psychiatric contexts and as queer-feminist art practice to interpretations of birth pain by male physicians to female Greek mourning rituals and a Jewish photographer's attempt to deal artistically with the trauma of the Holocaust. The focus is on Europe in the 19th and 20th century.

This monograph presents issues related to the armed conflict in Ukraine, which began in 2014 and is still ongoing. It shows the socio-historical background of warfare; the factors determining the distribution of adaptive resources (assigning them meaning, as well as experienced gains and losses of a subjective, state, material and energy nature). It also portrays the relationships between the distribution of adaptive resources and: 1) active, emotional and avoidant strategies for coping with war stress; 2) multidimensional consequences of long-term participation in war circumstances - including use of psychoactive substances, somatic disorders, mental difficulties, symptoms of depression, PTSD syndrome, post-traumatic growth.

>Hassspielepsychische Realität

Mid-nineteenth century America was filled with charismatic leaders and visionaries who produced new sacred writing. This book traces the stories of Mormon founder Joseph Smith Jr., Methodist revivalist Phoebe Palmer and Transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson and their new text productions to investigate a diverse community that grappled with a perceived loss of religious authority. It attempts to collect a shared set of motifs and practices that these modern prophets employed to establish new carriers of religious authority. Claudia Jetter thereby discusses "legitimate religious authority" and the dynamic ascription processes between a charismatic leader and an interactive, supportive social community in the actual historical context of nineteenth-century America.