Bøger udgivet af Royal Society of Chemistry

Formulation is a key step in the drug design process, where the active drug is combined with other substances that maximise the therapeutic potential, safety, and stability of the final medicinal product. Regulatory and quality demands, in addition to advances in processing technologies, result in growing challenges as well as possibilities for the field. Following on from Pharmaceutical Formulation, which covered traditional dosage forms such as tablets and capsules, this volume expands upon those formulations to cover a more diverse range of less common dosage forms. Novel routes of administration are covered from inhalational, dermal and transdermal formulations to ocular, oral suspensions, vaccines and nanoparticle drug delivery. The methods through which these formulations are processed and manufactured are also covered, providing essential knowledge to ensure quality, efficiency, and acceptable costing. Specialised Pharmaceutical Formulation is an essential, up to date resource for students and researchers working in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry and will equip readers with the ability to effectively and reliably produce products which can be approved, manufactured and made available to administer to patients.

Inorganic glasses are successfully used in the biomedical field, in particular degradable glasses have found applications in tissue engineering, bone regeneration and tooth remineralisation. Silicate glasses are the most commonly used ones but phosphate and borate glasses are attracting more and more interest owing to their special properties, differing from those of silicate bio-glasses. Phosphate and borate glasses thus open up potential routes for new therapeutic applications. This book focuses on these emerging materials. Bridging the phosphate and borate glasses communities, this book provides a fundamental treatment of atomic structure and physicochemical properties before highlighting their current and potential future applications. Phosphate and borate glasses not only feature a broader range of glass formation than silicate glasses. Their ability to completely dissolve in water with the solubility varying over orders of magnitude with compositional changes, makes them exciting materials for delivering therapeutic agents into the human body. Biomaterials scientists working in glasses, hard tissue engineering and regenerative medicine will find this a must-have book to own, alongside their more traditional silicate glass tomes.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) use chemical treatment to remove contaminants from water by oxidation with reactive oxidative species. These reactive oxidative species can be produced using UV light, ozone or hydrogen peroxide, but recently reactions have been developed that use persulfates as the radical source. Persulfates are strong oxidants with flexible in situ activation characteristics, including activation with heat, alkali conditions, electricity, ultrasonic treatment, transition metals, carbon and even organics. Persulfate activation can generate sulfate radicals as well as other reactive species. These reactive species, especially the sulfate radical, can degrade most organic pollutants making them valuable in the fields of water purification, soil remediation, disinfection, sludge dewatering, and other important applications in environmental systems. Describing recent developments in persulfate-based AOPs, this book aims to provide a summary of environmental applications for persulfate-based AOPs and to guide the reader, in a comprehensive way, through various advanced oxidation processes in environmental applications. Topics include new activation methods, activation mechanisms, and advanced materials for use in activating persulfate-based AOPs for different environmental applications.

This concise, easy-to-read book outlines the basic principles needed to understand the chemical mechanisms of explosion. Written for students with no previous knowledge of explosives but some understanding of chemical reactions in mind, it takes the reader through the history of explosives and introduces the concepts of high explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics. Covering combustion, deflagration, and detonation; ignition, initiation, and thermal decomposition; thermochemistry, thermodynamics and kinetics, the text includes detailed formulations and reactions presented with thermochemical calculations to aid understanding. This edition includes environmental legislation and its impact on explosives, together with a section on safety hazard tests. It also contains the latest developments in synthesis and manufacturing of explosives. Covering all aspects of the properties of explosives, The Chemistry of Explosives is a unique text which introduces difficult subjects in a readable manner. Ideal for A-level students and new graduates with no previous knowledge of explosive materials, it will also be useful to anyone needing succinct information on the subject, such as the more experienced chemist in the explosives sector.

The physical properties associated with the saturated and trans fats obtained through partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils (PHVOs) provide the solid fat content, melting and textural properties that consumers require in food products like butter, margarines, vegetable creams, spreads, and confectionary fats. However, saturated and trans fats increase low density lipoprotein, while trans fats also lower high-density lipoprotein serum levels. These indicators increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, stroke, and have recently been associated with metabolic syndrome. Consequently, regulatory agencies worldwide have passed legislation restricting the addition of PHVOs and their derivatives (i.e., shortenings) to food products. This has lead research groups worldwide to investigate different mechanisms to provide structural and physical properties to edible, healthy unsaturated oils. The overall objective is to achieve similar functional properties to those provided by PHVOs and shortenings to food products. This book encompasses the work of leading researchers discussing, from a scientific and technological perspective, the latest and most innovative approaches to structure edible oils without the use of trans fats. Additionally, the authors discuss practical uses and technical limitations associated with the use of structured edible oils in different food systems. Appealing to researchers and professionals working in lipid science, food chemistry and fat metabolism, it fills the gap in the literature for a book in this fast-changing field.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials for photocatalytic applications have attracted attention in recent years due to their unique thickness-dependent physiochemical properties. 2D materials offer enhanced functionality over traditional three-dimensional (3D) photocatalysts due to modified chemical composition and electronic structures, as well as abundant surface active sites. This book reviews the applications of 2D-related nano-materials in solar-driven catalysis, providing an up-to-date introduction to the design and use of 2D-related photo(electro)catalysts. This includes not only application areas such as fine chemicals synthesis, water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 fixation, but also catalyst design and preparation. Some typical 2D and 2D-related materials (such as layered double hydroxides (LDHs), layered metal oxides, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene, g-C3N4, etc.) are classified, and relationships between structure and property are demonstrated, with emphasis on how to improve 2D-related materials performance for practical applications. While the focus of this book will primarily be on experimental studies, computational results will serve as a necessary reference. With chapters written by expert researchers in their fields, Photocatalysis Using 2D Nanomaterials will provide advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and other researchers convenient introductions to these topics.

The concept of nanoarchitechtonics was introduced to describe the correct manipulation of nanoscale materials in the creation of nano-devices and applications. Nanoarchitectonics has begun to spread into many fields including nanostructured materials synthesis, supramolecular assembly, nanoscale structural fabrications, materials hybridizations, materials and structures for energy and environmental sciences, device and physical application, and bio- and medical applications. Following on from the 2012 title Manipulation of Nanoscale Materials, Concepts and Design of Materials Nanoarchitectonics covers the introductory features underlying the field, presenting a unifying overview of the theoretical aspects and emerging applications that are changing the capability to understand and design advanced functional materials.Edited by pioneers of the field, this book will appeal to researchers working in nanoscience, materials science, supramolecular chemistry, physical chemistry and organic chemistry, as well as graduate students in these areas.

Green toxicology is an integral part of green chemistry. One of the key goals of green chemistry is to design less toxic chemicals. Therefore, an understanding of toxicology and hazard assessment is important for any chemist working in green chemistry, but toxicology is rarely part of most chemists' education. As a consequence, chemists lack the toxicological lens necessary to view chemicals in order to design safer substitutions. This book seeks to fill that gap and demonstrate how a basic understanding of toxicology, as well as the tools of in silico and in vitro toxicology, can be an integral part of green chemistry. R&D chemists, product stewards, and toxicologists who work in the field of sustainability, can all benefit from integrating green toxicology principles into their work. Topics include in silico tools for hazard assessment, toxicity testing, and lifecycle considerations, this book aims to act as a bridge between green toxicologists and green chemists.

Drug Repurposing provides an ideal introduction to the field of drug repositioning and repurposing with contributions from world-renowned experts culminating in an excellent resource for any drug discovery or medicinal chemist.

This volume will address several related aspects of peptide interactions with membranes. It will consider model theoretical and experimental systems with relevance to fundamental questions in cell biology, including how peptides and proteins behave within biological membranes.

Over the past decade, the use of ion mobility separation in combination with mass spectrometry analysis has developed significantly. This technique adds a unique extra dimension enabling the in-depth analysis of a wide range of complex samples in the areas of the chemical and biological sciences. Providing a comprehensive guide to the technique, each chapter is written by an internationally recognised expert and with numerous different commercial platforms to choose from, this book will help the end users understand the practicalities of using different instruments for different ion mobility purposes. The first section provides a detailed account of the fundamentals behind the technique and the current range of available instrumentation. The second section focusses on the wide range of applications that have benefitted from ion mobility - mass spectrometry and includes topics taken from current research in the pharmaceutical, metabolomics, glycomics, and structural molecular biology fields. The book is primarily aimed at researchers, appealing to practising chemists and biochemists, as well as those in the pharmaceutical and medical fields.

The exploration of photothermal nanomaterials with high light-to-heat conversion efficiency has paved the way for practical applications, including in cancer therapy, environmental remediation, catalysis, imaging and biomedicine. Covering the photothermal effect of different categories of light-absorbing nanomaterials, and focusing on metallic nanomaterials, 2D materials, semiconductors and carbon-based nanomaterials, chapters in this book provide a systematic summary of recent advances in the fabrication and application of photothermal nanomaterials, discussing advantages, challenges and potential opportunities. This text will be a valuable resource for scientists working on photothermal nanomaterials, as well as those interested in the applications across chemistry, biomedicine, nanotechnology and materials science.

Handbook on Alzheimer's disease from aetiology and neurochemistry to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Intended to provide an introduction to all aspects of the disease.

This book brings together the fundamentals and applications of ultrathin oxide layers while highlighting connections and future opportunities.

By compiling critical studies in BPA to build a broader understanding of this complex endocrine-disrupting chemical and its impact on the environment and human health, this book is an ideal resource for postgraduates and researchers in a range of disciplines from toxicology to epigenetics and cancer epidemiology.

This volume brings together internationally leading researchers interested in the interdisciplinary field of MOFs to explore and exchange ideas on recent developments and future possibilities.

Written in an accessible and comprehensive manner, DNA Photodamage will appeal to all scientists working in the area whether specialists in the discipline or not and provides a complete coverage of the field, from ultrafast spectroscopy to biomedical research.

This book provides a contemporary research-led overview of the applications of inorganic materials in biomedicine.

Through this book, the Editors have compiled the most up to date and well-documented information on many aspects of the development and application of novel dietary patterns related to fatty compounds, with special emphasis on beneficial effects.

Chemical Linkers in Antibody-Drug Conjugates aims to shine a detailed light on the various key attributes of chemical linkers in ADCs, for drug-to-antibody ratio, for stability, for release mechanism of payload, for pharmacokinetics, for stability determination, and for efficacy and safety.

Porphyrin-based Supramolecular Architectures focuses on recent developments in the field, emphasising cutting-edge research and the diverse range of applications.

Inorganic Thermoelectric Materials reviews the important new families of advanced materials that have emerged and taken the field beyond the long-standing focus on traditional thermoelectric materials.

This book, written by expert scientists in the field, analyses how these diverse fields of research interact on a specific example - RNA polymerase.

This new edition highlights contemporary approaches for designing nanostructures that employ naturally derived self-assembling motifs as synthetic platforms.

Introducing the advances of functional membranes along with their design and environmental applications. This book is a useful reference for environmental chemists and membrane engineers.

Biological Treatment of Industrial Wastewater presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances and trends in the use of bioreactors for treating industrial wastewater.

This book gathers knowledge about matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging for postgraduate and professional researchers in academia and in industry where it has direct application to clinical research.

Ideal for drug discovery scientists and medicinal chemists with an interest in antiviral drug discovery and development, this book provides a complete overview of the latest progress in the field, recent advances and the challenges that remain in developing these highly pathogenic agents.

Nanoscience Volume 7 provides a critical and comprehensive assessment of the most recent research and opinion from across the globe for anyone practising in any nano-allied field, or wishing to enter the nano-world.