Bøger udgivet af Momentum Press

The Cell Method (CM) is a computational tool that maintains criticalmultidimensional attributes of physical phenomena in analysis. Thisinformation is neglected in the differential formulations of the classicalapproaches of finite element, boundary element, finite volume,and finite difference analysis, often leading to numerical instabilitiesand spurious results.This book highlights the central theoretical concepts of the CM thatpreserve a more accurate and precise representation of the geometricand topological features of variables for practical problem solving.Important applications occur in fields such as electromagnetics, electrodynamics,solid mechanics and fluids. CM addresses non-localityin continuum mechanics, an especially important circumstance inmodeling heterogeneous materials. Professional engineers and scientists,as well as graduate students, are offered:¿ A general overview of physics and its mathematical descriptions;¿ Guidance on how to build direct, discrete formulations;¿ Coverage of the governing equations of the CM, including nonlocality;¿ Explanations of the use of Tonti diagrams; and¿ References for further reading.

This two-volume book comprises a comprehensive up-to-date body of knowledge that provides a total in-depth insight into valve and actuator technology - looking not just at control valves, but a whole host of other types including: check valves, shut-off valves, solenoid valves, and pressure relief valves. Research studies within the process industry routinely indicate that the fluid control valve is responsible for 60 to 70% of poor-functioning control systems. Furthermore, valves in general are consistently wrongly selected, regularly misapplied, and often incorrectly installed. A methodology is presented to ensure the optimum selection of size, choice of body and trim materials, components, and ancillaries. Whilst studying the correct procedures for sizing, readers will also learn the correct procedures for calculating the spring 'wind-up' or 'bench set'. Maintenance issues also include: testing for deadband/hysteresis, stick-slip and non-linearity; on-line diagnostics; and signature analysis. Written in a detailed but understandable language, the two volumes are presented in a form suitable for both the beginner, with no prior knowledge of the subject, and the more advanced specialist.

This two-volume book describes a flexible and adaptive system-based methodology and associated guidelines for the management and allocation of community-based WELF resources. Over the next 50 years, rapid population, urbanization, and economic growth worldwide will create unprecedented demands for water, energy, land, and food (WELF) resources. The discussion on how to meet human needs for WELF resources and how to guarantee their respective securities has changed over time from looking at all four sectors in isolation to understanding their interdependency through the so-called WELF nexus. The approach presented in this book responds to the overall agreement in the WELF nexus literature that the management and allocation of WELF resources at the community level need to be examined in a more systemic, multidisciplinary, participatory, and practical manner while seeking to increase synergies and reduce trade-offs. This book was written to explore the value proposition of that approach. This two-volume book describes a flexible and adaptive system-based methodology and associated guidelines for the management and allocation of community-based WELF resources. Volume 1 focuses on defining the landscape in which the nexus operates and outlines the proposed methodology. Volume 2 explores the quantitative and qualitative modeling of the nexus and landscape using system modeling tools including system dynamics. It presents a road map for the formulation, simulation, selection, and ranking of possible intervention plans. The proposed methodology is designed to serve as a guide for different groups involved in the science and policy decision aspects of the WELF nexus within the context of community development. The methodology focuses mostly on WELF-related issues in small-scale and low-income communities where securing resources is critical to their short- and long-term livelihood and development.