Bøger udgivet af Materials Research Forum LLC

A novel method of concrete mix design is presented. Tests with various constituent materials are reported in great detail. Both laboratory tests and applications in industry show the method to be very successful for all kinds of normal constituent materials, including silica fume, ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, natural pozzolans, blended cement, fine and coarse aggregates, water, air entraining admixtures, plasticizers and super-plasticizers.

Aiming at the generation of hydrogen from water, electrochemical water splitting represents a promising clean technology for generating a renewable energy resource. Keywords: Electrochemical Water Splitting, Renewable Energy Resource, Electrocatalysts, Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), Noble Metal Catalysts, Earth-Abundant Metal Catalysts, MOF Catalysts, Carbon-based Nanocatalysts, Polymer Catalysts, Transition Metal-based Electrocatalysts, Fe-based Electrocatalysts, Co-based Electrocatalysts, Ni-based Electrocatalysts, Metal Free Catalysts, Transition-Metal Chalcogenides, Prussian Blue Analogues.

Natural cork materials have many interesting applications. The present book places emphasis on such topics as cork quality, crashworthiness of agglomerated cork, architectural applications, cork stoppers, production of hollow cork pieces, 3D print technology filaments based on cork waste, effects of extremely low and high temperatures, and the adaptation of cork oak forests to climate change.

New research on the magnetic, dielectric and microwave properties of promising materials for domestic, industrial, military and medical applications are presented, with focus on biomaterials, ferrites, Ni-Fe alloys, capacitors, multiferroics, microwave absorbers and perovskite materials. Special emphasis is placed on bioceramics for orthopedic applications; classification of biomaterials; bioactive glass systems; preparation, properties and applications of PbFe12O19 hexaferrites; Ni-Fe alloys for shielding electronic devices from external magnetostatic fields; the role of multiferroics in spintronics field; design of microwave absorbers and absorption characteristics of ceramics.

Novel bio-electronic devices have a great potential for gathering biological information such as vital signs, cell behavior, protein and DNA molecule concentrations. The book presents concrete examples and shows that there are lots of sensing targets still remaining to be handled. Organic materials offer high sensitivity, flexibility and biocompatibility, and can be prepared by novel fabrication methods such as printing and coating at low cost. Part 1: OFET-based sensors. Part 2: Graphene-based materials and sensor device applications. Part 3: Applications of bio-sensing technologies, inkjet printing, tests for stroke monitoring, etc.

Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) has important applications in advanced materials manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, oil and gas industries, power generation, and medical and nuclear fields. The symposium focused on HIP applications in such areas as material optimization, radioactive nuclear waste, cast aluminum alloys, ceramic materials, superalloys, manufacturing of turbine blisks, densification of additive manufactured parts, diffusion welding of dissimilar metals and alloys, heat treatment inside the HIP unit, turbopump components, improved tooling materials, valve spindles for engines, Ni-base superalloys, titanium aluminide, stainless steels, metal matrix composites, phase transformations, uniform load cooling equipment, duplex steel, diamond/SiC composites, large hot zone units, additive manufacturing, efficient modeling, reactor vessel fabrication, electron beam welding, superconducting magnet structures.

Microbial fuel cells are very promising as renewable energy sources. They are based on the direct conversion of organic or inorganic materials to electricity by utilizing microorganisms as catalysts. These cells are well suited for applications that require only low power, e.g. ultracapacitors, toys, electronic gadgets, meteorological buoys, remote sensors, digital wristwatches, smartphones and hardware in space and robots. In addition to electricity generation, microbial fuel cells can be used for wastewater treatment, desalination and biofuel production. The book addresses characterization techniques and operating conditions of microbial fuel cells, as well as the usefulness of various types of anode and cathode materials.

Bonding by Self-Propagating Reaction represents a highly promising approach for the joining of dissimilar materials in such fields as microelectronics, infrared sensors, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), aerospace and nuclear industries, and surface engineering for chemical, mechanical and microsystems applications. The technique leads to high bonding strengths and low rates of damage on substrates. Another advantage is that it does not require high processing temperatures. The book is based on 251 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading.

Topological semimetals are quantum materials that are not only extremely interesting from a theoretical point of view but also have a great potential for technological applications in which superconducting, semiconducting and other semimetal behaviors are involved. Specific applications include quantum computing, fabricating superconducting microstructures, environmental 'harvesting' of energies which would otherwise go to waste immediately as heat, and fabricating topological quantum devices on industrial-scales. The book references 307 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading.

This book presents recent developments in the field of biosensors and their applications in healthcare. Topics include aptasensors for the detection of environmental contaminants, disease-causing pathogens, molecularly imprinted polymers for the detection of genetic materials, infectious diseases, in vivo monitoring of key molecules, functional nanoparticles targeted to specific tumor cells for detection as well as imaging.

The book explores industrial applications of green solvents in industrially important areas such as oil extraction, sensors and biosensors, CO2 capture, lignocellulosic biomass utilization, bio-based chemicals and their application in catalysis, electrochemical devices, purification of pharmaceuticals, organic synthesis and transformations, bio-lubricant additives, aluminum and aluminum-alloy production. The solvents covered include water, ionic liquids, supercritical carbon dioxide and glycerol. Keywords: Green Chemistry, Green Solvents, Ionic Liquids, Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Glycerol, Biosensors, CO2 Capture, Lignocellulosic Biomass Utilization, Bio-based Chemicals, Electrochemical Devices, Chromatographic Purification of Pharmaceuticals, Bio-lubricant Additives, Green Electrolytes for Aluminum Production, Green Electrolytes for Aluminum-Alloy Production, Green Solvents for Oil Extraction.

The book reviews the Hall-Petch law, one of the most useful equations of materials science, and the reverse or inverse Hall-Petch relation, which is particular important for controlling the strength of nanocrystalline materials. Theoretical models, experimental data and practical aspects are discussed, making reference to a total of 396 original resources with their direct web link for in-depth reading.

The book presents the papers presented at the 6th international conference on Explosion, Shock Wave and High Strain-Rate Phenomena (ESHP). Topics covered include: Advanced Manufacturing under Impact/Shock Loading, Detonation of High Pressure Flammable Gas in Closed Spaces, High Strain-Rate Behaviour of Auxetic Cellular Structures, Underwater Shock Waves Generation, Magnetic Pressure Welding of Aluminum Sheets, Shock Synthesis of Zirconium Oxides, Impact Joining of Dissimilar Metals, High-Speed Oblique Collision of Metals, Dynamic Behavior of Dislocation Wall Structures, Tensile Strength of Rock at High Strain Rates, Fiber Reinforced Mortar, Impact Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer, Explosive Welding , Underwater Explosive Welding , Making Ultrafine Explosives, Aluminum-Steel Explosive Cladding, Explosively Cladded Aluminum Hybrid Composites, Explosive Clads with Interlayers.

This is the very first book on the highly promising topic of MXenes; focusing on their fundamental characteristics and properties, fabrication techniques and applications. MXenes are two-dimensional materials consisting of few atoms thick layers of transition metal carbides or nitrides. These are characterized by high electrical conductivity, good hydrophilicity, chemical stability, and ultrathin 2D sheet-like morphology. Applications in the energy, environmental, biomedical and electronic industries include catalysis, membrane separation, supercapacitors, hybrid-ion capacitors, batteries, flexible electronics, hydrogen storage, nanoelectronics, and sensors.

The book presents some of the latest experimental achievements in the mechanics of solids, machine design, mechanical engineering, biomechanics, composites, adhesive joints, laminates, coating techniques, bridge joints, data analysis, fatigue cracks, cyclic properties of metals, vibrational control systems etc.

Green chemistry aims at reducing pollution and avoiding hazardous waste in the environment, as well as in a number of industrial applications, including chemical, pharmaceutical, paint and leather industries. The book focuses on new applications of green solvents (water, ionic liquids, supercritical carbon dioxide, terpenes) in such areas as chemical synthesis (including lipase-catalyzed reactions, organic synthesis, esterification reactions), gas separation membranes, environment-friendly products, low energy requirement processes and alternatives to hazardous substances.

Composites based on Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have exceptional physical and chemical properties and offer a great number of advanced applications in such fields as energy storage, energy conversion by catalysis, sensors for environmental applications, environment safety and industrial wastewater treatments. They also have interesting medical applications, such as encapsulation of enzymes. The present book covers design, synthesis and preparation of various MOFs, as well as the resulting product characteristics: homogenous morphology, small size dispersion, high thermal stability and desired surface area.

Mechanochromism (or piezochromism) refers to the emission of radiation as a result of the stressing, deforming or breaking of solids. The great current interest in these processes is due to the immense potential for monitoring and recording stresses, wear and fracture. There is, for instance, the possibility of turning such materials into optical pressuresensors and structural damage sensors. Mechanochromic polymers, for example, could visually signal sub-micron damage and failure long before macroscopic cracks became detectable. The range of such high-tech applications is almost unlimited. The book references 325 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading.

Palm by-products represent an economical resource for the sustainable development of rural areas in many countries of the world. The book focuses on the utilization of palm by-products in the following areas: Wood Alternatives and Panels, Sustainable Energy and Fertilizers, Bio-Composites, Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Fiber, Paper, and Textile, Food Applications, Design and Architecture.

Alcohol fuel cells are very attractive as power sources for mobile and portable applications. As they convert the chemical energy of fuels into electricity, much recent research is directed at developing suitable and efficient catalysts for the process. The present book focuses on pertinent types of nanomaterial-based catalysts, membranes and supports.

The book presents recent advances in the following fields: Theoretical aspects, characterization and applications of powder and PM products. New developments in powder production and processing. Functional Materials. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies. Health, Safety and Environmental Aspects of Particulates. All papers have been peer-reviewed.

All you need to know on current progress in the development, design and utilization of carbonaceous materials in such diverse areas as electronics, medical implants, drug delivery, clean energy, biofuel and pollution control. Emphasis is placed on "engineered carbons" which include fullerenes, graphene, carbon foam, nanotubes, graphene oxide, carbon aerogels, carbon matrix composites, reinforced polymers and many others.For example, ceramic composites and polymer composites with a carbon matrix represent advanced building materials and are important for moisture resistant walls and paints. Carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers and graphene based materials play a great role in energy storage in form of electrodes for batteries and supercapacitors. Carbon based materials are both used as sources as well as catalysts for bio-fuel production. Biochar can be utilized for soil enrichment and greenhouse gas sequestration and climate control applications. Graphene is extensively used in electronics and bio-medical applications. Graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and graphitic carbon nitride are used as photocatalysts for hydrogen production and contaminants degradation.