Bøger udgivet af Lexington Books

In Words and Meaning in Metasemantics, Juan José Colomina-Almiñana puts forward a new way of understanding the linguistic and philosophical foundations of the study of language: the Interactive Theory. This theory states that the meaning of our sentences is much more than the truth values their components clauses carry. Since language is a human artifact, Words and Meaning in Metasemantics also explains the role that our reasons, dispositions, inferences, acts, and awareness have in the content-fixing of the sentences speakers employ to refer to the world in which they belong.

This study examines the role of southern Italian women who remained behind when their husbands emigrated in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. By piecing together limited archival source material, the author argues that married women were not voiceless or powerless when their husbands were abroad, but they took on roles beyond their limited legal position. They petitioned local officials, requested passports, received remittances, and handled the family finances, all in the absence of their husbands, the legal head of the family. The study also emphasizes the connection forged between women and the new Italian state at a time when women did not have political rights. Centering on Basilicataa ';forgotten' region of the Italian south and one that has not been a major focus of scholarly investigationthis study challenges stereotypes that the Italian south was backwards, uncivilized, and lagging behind northern Italy. The author argues that large scale emigration greatly impacted the married women left behind in the villages of Basilicata, changing their social, political, and economic role.

New Criticism and Pedagogical Directions for Contemporary Black Women Writers is a collection of critical and pedagogical essays that shed new light on the creative depths of Black women writers. On the one hand, some Black women writers have been heavily anthologized, they have more often than not been restricted by critical metanarratives. Some of their works have been lionized while others remain neglected. On the other hand, some Black women writers have been ignored and understudied. This collection corrects the gaps in our critical thinking about Black women writers by introducing them to a new generation of undergraduate and graduate students, and by presenting pedagogical essays to our colleagues currently working in the field.

This seminal book is the first sustained critical work that engages with the varieties of literature following the triple disastersthe earthquake, tsunami, and meltdowns at the Fukushima nuclear plant.

Education and Language in the Philippines provides a comprehensive overview of the critical role of education and language development in the Philippines. Lorraine Pe Symaco and Francisco P. Dumanig highlight the economic, social, and political factors that led to the complexity of the country's education system and language policies. In addition, they provide a nuanced discussion of the pressing issues regarding the contextual realities of Philippine education language policies and reforms, the role of multilingual education in learners' identity formation, and the impact of multi-ethnic teaching approaches. The book emphasizes that in a plurilingual country, social actors contribute in many ways to the changes of language education policy. It explores and discusses how such policies are implemented and results in the development of multilingual education. This book is the first to comprehensively examine the interconnected roles of education and language in the Philippines.

Child Survivors of Genocide: Trauma, Resilience, and Identity in Guatemala presents mixed-method, comparative ethnographic research conducted with orphaned child survivors who are now adults. These survivors were orphaned during Guatemala's thirty-six-year internal armed conflict and particularly during the heightened period of genocide from 1978 to 1983, referred to as la violencia. Raised for the majority of their childhoods in a family-style permanent residential home in the highlands region, the author examines the long-term consequences that these individuals have faced not only from grieving the loss of their parents and family members but also because of their orphan status. While they suffer from lasting trauma, these child survivors have become resilient, well-adapted adults with a strong internalized sense of ethnic identity. They also engage in creative and transformative practices regarding ethnic identity and belonging that have contributed to their abilities to adapt to their life circumstances in positive, constructive ways, and have expanded what it means to be Maya Indigenous Guatemalans today. Child survivors' experiences offer inspiration, justify expanded research with child survivors as their own distinct survivor group, and warrant reconsideration of in-country residential care when other forms of loving, nurturing in-country care are unavailable.

Exploring Religious Dimensions in A.I. and Humanity explores how the phenomenal advancements of artificial intelligence can reshape our spiritual journeys and influence established ethical frameworks. Very Reverend Dr. Aristarchos Gkrekas offers insights grounded in deep religious understanding. Nicholas Kokkinos provides insightful analyses of the ethical implications of emerging technologies and the potential for AI to serve as a dynamic repository of religious knowledge. Through years of collaboration, both authors sought a common approach to navigate the exponential growth of technology and its impact on humanity's enduring questions about consciousness, ethics, and spirituality. This book is an essential read for those intrigued by the evolving dialogue between technology and spirituality and is enriched by references to centuries-old texts. It promises to ignite curiosity and spark a deeper understanding of our digital age's spiritual dimensions and the ethical questions that arise from these phenomenal developments.

This book looks at the controversial issues surrounding the desire for titles (both earned and unearned) in Zimbabwe and beyond. The desire for titles is often associated with the quest for status, power, class, and recognition. Unfortunately, the result of this desire and greed for titles means you can no longer tell genuine PhDs from fake ones. The unscrupulous quest for fake degrees is regarded in this book as "Titlemania or Taitolomania". The scramble for titles has not spared community leaders across the divide. Of concern is the failure by High Degrees students to use their earned titles to solve societal problems through national technological development. The book provokes debate on whether or not Africa in general, and Zimbabwe in particular, need more doctorates, considering that most PhD holders are not contributing to national development, production of goods and services, and the improvement of societal conditions.

Contextuality of Healthcare Choices in Pakistan analyzes the contextual factors shaping healthcare decision-making in Pakistan. Divided into three thematic areas--contextuality of healthcare choices, power dynamics and the health of the marginalized, and emerging challenges and healthcare response--the book explores the complex interplay of social, cultural, and institutional influences on health-seeking behaviors.The book examines the nuanced fabric of healthcare decision-making in Pakistan through a series of nine meticulously crafted chapters. From the influence of geography and social context on health-related choices to the power dynamics inherent in patient-doctor interactions, each chapter offers valuable insights into the myriad factors shaping individuals' healthcare decisions. Moreover, the book sheds light on overlooked aspects of healthcare decision-making, including the experiences of marginalized communities such as the transgender population and individuals seeking mental healthcare.Drawing on diverse theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence, this book challenges simplistic notions of healthcare decision-making as solely individual and rational. Instead, it argues for a comprehensive understanding of how communal, social, and institutional factors intersect to shape health-seeking behaviors. By illuminating the contextual complexities inherent in healthcare decision-making, this book offers invaluable insights for researchers, policymakers, healthcare professionals, and the wider public interested in understanding and improving healthcare outcomes in Pakistan.

Linking broad-based public service to post-secondary education is the best way to make our society more free. Access to college ought to be a social right of citizenship. The core idea in T.H. Marshall's concept of social citizenship is that, in addition to civil and political rights, people hold social rights, including guarantees to housing, health care, basic income, and, especially, an adequate education. These are resources we all need to participate in society as full and equal members. In America, opponents of these guarantees have effectively mobilized deeply held liberal ideas, arguing that state action is a threat to freedom. Against this, progressive arguments about fairness have fallen flat. Looking outside liberalism, this book offers a new approach. It argues, first, the civic republican tradition provides an authentically American basis for the social rights of citizenship. Republicanism understands that true freedom requires a degree of personal independence. The ultimate justification for egalitarian policies, especially in education, is that they make us more free. Second, our first major policy step in this direction ought to be adopting a large-scale service-to-school program designed to increase access to post-secondary education.

Walls profoundly shape the spaces we live in and the places we move through. They impinge on our everyday lives, entangling power relations, identity, and hierarchies. Lisa-Jo K. van den Scott examines this phenomenon in the context of housing in Arviat, Nunavut. Inuit in Arviat, Arviammiut, have only been living in permanent housing since the late 1950s and early 1960s. Van den Scott's ethnography of the contemporary lived experience of Arviammiut within their houses acknowledges colonial power relations within the very walls of their houses; an uncomfortable living arrangement, which Arviammiut navigate in resilient and heterogeneous ways. Having lived in Arviat for five years, van den Scott finds that the walls represent a Western presence in Arviammiut lives. In essence, Arviammiut are living in a foreign space which reflects as well as impacts their experiences. Walls have profoundly changed Inuit life; however, Inuit also exercise agency in how they form relationships with those walls. Van den Scott lays out the social processes inherent to their experience, such as spatial fusion, the process of symbolically connecting separate interior spaces. In doing so, she argues that walls are boundary objects, cultural objects, and technological objects. Essentially, she introduces a sociology of walls.

The Passion Narratives of Saints Perpetua, Felicity, and Their Fellow Martyrs presents a critical translation of three hagiographical masterpieces of late antiquity and a series of accompanying essays. The translation by Francis J. Hunter includes the two Acta Brevia narratives as companion texts and supplements to the Passio Sanctarum proper. The interdisciplinary essays feature input from scholars in the fields of literature, theology, psychology, and classics, who each illustrate the dynamic and rich nature of the text. Each chapter of the book is written to teach, rather than critique, the text for students or readers who wish to learn about Perpetua and Felicity, early Christianity, or the Roman empire and its relationship with the emergent Christian religion.

The Presidential Difference and Iran's Foreign Policy Under Khatami from 1997 to 2005 explores the paradigm shift, one that involved a change from confrontation to peaceful relations. The main reason for this alteration rests on Muhammad Khatami's belief system, whose discourse of "Dialogue Among Civilizations" aiming at coexistence and cooperation assured the international community that Iran would not pursue revolutionary aspirations, but rather seek constructive and meaningful relations based on equality, mutual respect and understanding. Azadeh Momeni argues that the cornerstone of this sea change in foreign policy rests on Khatam's intellectual thoughts which is characterized by his belief system. What sets this book apart is its unique approach, employing Operational Code Analysis to analyze Khatami's belief system. Operational Code Analysis is a quantitative method used in political psychology and international relations to understand the decision-making processes and beliefs of political leaders.

Despite the velocity and scale of the cumulative changes of immigrant integration and receptivity infrastructures in fast growing regions of the United States, less research has focused on the new and evolving experiences in these regions in recent years. Editors Paul N. McDaniel and Darlene Xiomara Rodriguez and the contributors in Integration and Receptivity in Immigrant Gateway Metro Regions in the United States fill this gap through case studies of different types of immigrant gateway metro areas. They provide insight into how immigrant settlement, integration, and receptivity processes and practices within each metro area have continued to evolve beyond the nascent experiences documented in the early 2000s. This interdisciplinary volume examines ongoing processes in not only well-established immigrant gateways, but also in previously overlooked regions. This book is a resource for researchers, students, and practitioners to contextualize the ongoing changes in new destination metropolitan regions in the United States and to learn from the challenges, opportunities, and best practices emerging from different metropolitan regional contexts.

This book chronicles the progression of civic education advocacy since the early 2000s. It identifies the main actors that called for civic education reform, describes their motivations and policy platforms, and documents the path taken to capture state policy agendas. It argues that No Child Left Behind incentivized civic education advocates to mobilize a "call to action" to restore emphasis on civics that materialized into national policy reform proposals that successfully captured the agendas of state legislatures and bureaucracies. This book analyzes the implementation and sustainability of these civic education policy reforms by undertaking a comparative case study analysis of school districts in Utah and Connecticut. Through the voices of teachers and district administrators, the book tells the story of what happened when these state policy reforms inspired by national initiatives hit the local level where the rubber meets the road. As ideological debates about schools and democracy unfold across the country, as civic education advocates and proposals proliferate, this book treats civic education not as panacea but as a concrete policy area to be analyzed and understood. It contextualizes the current debate and offers a critical assessment of the most recent, comprehensive state-level civic education policy reform. It argues that while questions linger about what type of civic-inspired educational interventions remains most effective for whom, where, and why, the implementation of such interventions are profoundly impacted by local actors and local politics and that future initiatives should take this dimension into consideration.

Federalist Solutions to Pakistan's Political Crises investigates the transformative potential of communal democratic norms within Pakistan's politico-economic sphere. Analyzing the current consociational structure, which inordinately predicates federal organization on ethnic identity, the book reveals the particular challenges facing Pakistan, exacerbated by the imposition of neoliberal norms on its society and economy. Advocating for a localized centripetalist model, Sikander Ahmed Shah proposes leveraging power sharing to counter the prevailing hegemonic trends and to foster greater sociocultural cohesion within Pakistan's diverse polity. This model entails dividing Pakistan's federal provinces into smaller, diverse entities more reflective of their particular constituent demographics, while integrating key democratic principles such as distributive justice, grassroots democracy, minority protections, and multiculturalism into its governance structures. The book explores Pakistan's civil-military asymmetry, emphasizing the influential role of the military establishment and its intertwined relationship with preexisting inter-ethnic tensions. The analysis also extends to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), examining its impact on Pakistan's federal structure, socio-economic fabric, and civil-military dynamics within the context of China's distinctive economy. Throughout, the work seeks to provide locally relevant and indigenously viable solutions for positive and equitable outcomes, challenging historical power imbalances that have marginalized certain groups in Pakistan.

Greening Philosophy of Religion: Process, Ecology, and Ethics develops fruitful avenues for the theory and practice of greening philosophy of religion. Collected with a pluralistic conception of both philosophy and religion, the chapters in this volume address pressing and timely issues that involve imagining ecological democracy as an ideal horizon for facing climate catastrophe, with a radical hope and sober vision for realizing a more sustainable planetary economy that places a high value on food sovereignty, an ethic of trust, and inter-religious conversations. Edited by Jea Sophie Oh and John Quiring, this book offers a vital contribution to the fields of philosophy of religion, environmental ethics, religion and ecology, comparative philosophy, and ecotheology--all tuned to the note of process thinking and a deep ecological sensibility.

Criminology in Nigeria: Origin, Evolution and Trends explores the threads of the criminal justice system in Nigeria through past, present, and future trends. Tracing the roots of law and criminology in Nigeria, this book employs up-to-date research and case studies to elucidate the dynamic nature and impact of Nigeria's criminal justice system. It sheds light on the various influences of the Nigerian criminal justice system, different types of crimes, and various sentencing practices. By doing so, the book encourages readers to engage in a more critical examination of research and strategies related to security and public safety in Nigeria.This book is an essential resource that caters to students, scholars, researchers, practitioners, and curious minds seeking to gain a deeper understanding of Nigeria's criminal justice system. It evolves a thought-provoking guide and discourse, contributing to the ongoing dialogue and shaping the pursuit of justice and security in the Nigerian landscape.

The Theology of Fear in Thomas Aquinas's Summa Theologiae excavates and explores Thomas Aquinas's comparatively expansive theology of fear that he develops in the Summa theologiae. Whereas many classify fear under a single category (e.g., an emotion, passion, or sentiment), Thomas specifies seven major categories of fear, including the passion and gift of fear. And while many classify courage as the lone virtue indexed to fear, Thomas argues that courage and perseverance perfect it, adding that a Spirit-empowered gift of courage also perfects human fears so that human beings may attain and remain in blessedness. A work in retrieval theology designed for Thomas and non-Thomas scholars operating within the interactions of theology and psychology, this book argues that understanding this theology's motivations, internal coherence, and merits is necessary for understanding Thomas's instruction for beginners in the Christian religion and its ongoing relevance for today.

African Migrants, European Borders, and the Problem with Humanitarianism presents a probing examination of the contemporary migrant "crisis" in the Mediterranean Basin. By centering our analysis on how racial slavery has shaped European democratic culture, its abolitionist traditions, and the global structures of capital accumulation, P. Khalil Saucier and Tryon P. Woods reveal and confront how contemporary discourse on the migrant "crisis" displaces Black sovereign mobility. Their inquiry into the modern world's culture of politics investigates "freedom of movement" discourse's ostensible confrontation with border policing, the memorializing of Black migrant deaths by artists and advocates, and the visual imagery of a cosmopolitan and multicultural Europe as conceived by filmmakers in response to the migrant "crisis" as variants of a slaveholding culture instantiated in the early Mediterranean and Atlantic worlds. This analysis allows the authors to formulate a new critical framework for analysis of both the problems of contemporary migration and borders and the leading prescriptions on offer from analysts, advocates, and policy makers in order to develop alternate ways of conceptualizing global society.

Critical Theory and Marital Quarrels: Dynamics of Passionate Speech analyzes the pneumatics of conflict through a discursive archeology of police reports, court proceedings, psychiatric cases, therapy sessions, eighteenth-century relationship advice literature, and the nineteenth-century fiction. Todor Hristov argues that in order to extract knowledge from the noise of the marital fights, preachers, moralists, physicians, alienists, sociologists discarded the words as a slag, and in consequence, they were unable to explain either the recurrence or the power of discord. This study is intended as an analysis of the discursive mechanism of contentious speech based on concepts derived from critical theory, discourse analysis, speech act theory and semiotics. The discursive mechanism of quarreling is summed up in the concept of passionate speech relevant beyond family scenes, to scenes of political or public contention. This book applies the concept to examine critically the language of contemporary couples therapy and to describe the unintended effects of the passions shared by the clients and the therapists.

In The Origin of the 1960s Korean Developmental Regime: Manchurian Modern, Suk-Jung Han traces the current Korean dynamism through Manchukuo, the Japanese puppet state in northeast China from 1932 to 1945, which has been frozen as the sacrosanct stage of nationalist resistance. The author proposes the factor of colonial diffusion in the lineage of East Asian state-formation, which has been overlooked in the discussion of the state. He also traces the cultural flow from the Manchurian setting, which contained the seed of the future cultural prowess of Korea and maintains that modern ideas were diffused synchronically and diachronically in the Japanese empire, which was a cultural network. He further argues that Koreans' experience in the harsh periphery, Manchukuo was not just painful diaspora but the moment of adaptation, which would become the potential weapon for their Cold War competition with North Korea, also with ex-colonizers in the 21st century.

This book examines the impact of and response to the rapidly growing English language learner (ELL) populations in the southeastern United States on K-16 schooling. Using examples of policy and practice from seven states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee), the book explores how the contemporary context of accountability regimes and neoliberal tenets affect educational responses to the increased linguistic and cultural diversity in schools and how these realities may be different from when traditional states (such as California or Florida) were developing their responses to (im)migration. The collection of chapters addresses key questions of teacher preparation, effective infrastructures, and frameworks for serving ELLs, dual language bilingual education, and advocacy efforts at the state, district, and local level in the Southeast. The authors describe promising practices in each state, but also note the need for more systemic, statewide approaches that resist the enduring monolingual discourse that has historically characterized much of ELL schooling. They call for transformative policies and practices that take current research into account and that stress the centrality of pluralistic principles to design effective schools for ELLs.

Disruptive Women of Literature: Rooting for the Antiheroine critically examines the representation of the literary antiheroine in contemporary Gothic and crime-thriller novels and traces her emergence from the deviant women of Greek mythology and Shakespeare to the twenty-first century. It explores how the antiheroine shifts dependent on genre, time period, and format, demonstrating that she is capable of both challenging and reaffirming problematic ideologies surrounding women, power, violence, sexuality, and motherhood. Eleanore Gardner argues that the antiheroine is almost always defined by her experience of a patriarchal trauma and must therefore navigate her identity differently and more complexly than her antihero counterpart. The author examines a broad range of texts to understand the antiheroine's fluidity, her liminal and abject existence, and what these suggest about cultural anxieties surrounding transgressive women.

Barrio San Siro: Structural Violence in the Peripheries of Milan collects the results of five years of ethnographic research in San Siro, one of Milan's largest public housing neighborhoods. It is a study that moves from a relational conception of urban space to analyze the structural violence that affects the margins of the Lombard capital, among the folds of the rhetoric of its development, its "rebirth", and its regeneration. Alongside "second-generation" youngsters, "abandoned" elderly people, struggling committees, associations, politicians, and officials, "Barrio San Siro" develops a multi-level interpretation that moves from everyday practices to local, regional and national policies. Like other Milanese peripheral neighborhoods, San Siro emerges - page after page - as a multicultural socio-spatial configuration, at once the epitome of global conditions, the intersection of diverging interests of social and institutional actors, the result of a local history that has led to a post-Fordist and neoliberal present. A critical and reflexive narrative, a monograph that from an urban margin elaborates its idea of the anthropology of the city.

This book analyzes women's military service in the U.S. Explosive Ordnance Disposal community. During the Global War on Terrorism, the changing contexts of war brought the community to the forefront of combat preceding the 2016 policy repeal restricting women's service in combat, which positioned these women at a poignant moment in history. Through a rhetorical framework, the author analyzes the disparities between policy discourse and the lived experiences of individuals who these policies seek to regulate. Their positioning also sheds light on the challenges twenty-first century scholars face in analyzing shifting gender roles in the workplace with policies advocating for gender equality, which often buries continued gendered ideologies and discourse. This book takes a mixed methods approach of qualitative and quantitative data from surveys, available government documents, and other cultural artifacts to create a more triangulated analysis. While this book is rooted in rhetorical, and feminist rhetorical, analyses, its dynamic nature demands using an interdisciplinary approach that pulls from discourse analysis, political, historical, and military scholarship, and other humanities-based feminist scholarship.

African-on-African Colonization: The Ill-Fated Ambazonia-Cameroun Political Partnership is an extensive study of the phenomenon of African-on-African colonialism in postcolonial Africa; an egregious and vexed development that is causing instability and insecurity in many parts of the continent. Using Ambazonia as a case study, Carlson Anyangwe discusses two manifestations of colonialism that emerged from the ashes of white colonialism (neo-colonialism and African-on-African colonialism) and how Ambazonia has been impacted by both. Anyangwe also examines the Ambazonia-Cameroun political association--that was later turned into Ambazonia (formerly British Southern Cameroons)--to explore Cameroun's colonial occupation of Ambazonia and Ambazonia's long struggle to be free and accede to sovereign statehood. Interweaving several complex issues garnered from historical sources, political developments, and eye-witness accounts, this book provides a deeper understanding of the complexity of motives and concatenation of forces in Ambazonia, expressing the critical need to decolonize Ambazonia in an era of freedoms and democratization. This book is a compulsory reading for Ambazonians and scholars of the distorted history of Ambazonia and Cameroun.

The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is the primary agency enforcing campaign finance laws in the US, and it has long been portrayed as a toothless tiger. Given the importance of campaign finance laws in protecting democracy, the characterization of the FEC as an ineffective regulator is problematic. To understand why the agency has a weak reputation, this book explores changes in campaign finance laws, the underfunding of the agency, untimely commissioner appointments, and how this has affected the enforcement of campaign finance laws between 2002 and 2020. This study finds that as campaign finance laws have weakened in the US, so has the FEC's ability to enforce them. The agency's resources have stagnated, so the penalties and fines issued by the agency have dropped. There are multiple periods when the agency is absent a quorum because of too few commissioners at the Commission, and it is increasingly unable to proceed with agency business. Furthermore, the empty commissioner seats have led to a partisan imbalance that has favored the Republicans and allowed them to dominate decision-making. Now, the outcomes of allegations of wrongdoing are increasingly closing by default rather than bipartisan consensus.

Moving Beyond Theoria Towards Theosis focuses on the telos of man as understood in Plato's theoria, envisioned in the allegory of the cave, and early Christian reinterpretation of theoria as theosis. In his famed allegory of the cave, Plato maintains that real life exists beyond our base perceptions of reality and is found in the realm of ideas. Theoria is eternal rest in this realm and is understood as the telos of mankind. Plato's theoria underwent change as it was reinterpreted under middle-Platonic and neo-Platonic thought. These systems incorporated a more mature idea of the divine than Plato, but still minimized the material world. This book explores how early Christianity inherited Plato's cosmology and terminology. Theoria was also reinterpreted within the Christian context. Eventually the term was abandoned for theosis. Theosis is beyond theoria, as it includes contemplation of the forms as well as union with the source of the forms and the affirmation of the material realm. In this volume, Justin A. Davis shows how the Orthodox use of icons can be key to understanding theosis. The icon is a material object that connects to a higher reality, and ultimately toward union with the divine. Plato's cosmology is collapsed and transfigured in union with the uncreated energy of God. Icons are the depiction of spiritual ascesis and the new telos of man, theosis.

Contemporary Security Governance in Nigeria: Themes and Perspectives examines the theory, practice, and challenges of contemporary security governance in Nigeria and argues for the prioritization of security governance in state affairs. Al Chukwuma Okoli, Folahanmi Aina, and the contributors address the role of security in state steering, the role of the state in security, the conceptual and theoretical frames underpinning contemporary discourse on security governance, and the current position of security governance and national security architecture in Nigeria. The book begins with an examination of security governance theory, context, and dimensions; followed by presenting strategies of security governance such as intelligence oversight; and ends with analysis of state, foreign, and non-state actors' roles in security governance. It covers important issues such as state legitimacy, public emergencies, intelligence oversight, civilian-led community policing, and Operation Safe Corridor. This book provides an important contribution for scholars in governance and security, and all stakeholders in governmental and non-governmental organizations that promote national security.