Bøger udgivet af Institute of Physics Publishing

This book gives an introduction to the physics of nuclear medicine including the principles of radiation detection physics, methods used in radionuclide therapy and techniques to produce images for diagnosis and intraoperative monitoring.

A biomaterial is defined as a substance that has been engineered to take a form which, alone or as part of a complex system, is used to direct, by control of interactions with components of living systems, the course of any therapeutic or diagnostics procedures. The modern field of biomaterials combine medicine, biology, physics, and chemistry and more recent influences from tissue engineering and materials science. This book widens the scope to a new generation of biomaterials classified according to morphology; particles, capsules, microbubbles and fibres, useful for healthcare.

3D bioprinted organs are becoming a reality for patients and caregivers, and are a promising part of the future of personalized and regenerative medicine, with this innovative technology expected to revolutionize the biomedicine and healthcare industry. This revised and updated second edition provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting technologies.

This book aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of imaging in Particle Therapy (PT) and its role in treatment planning and delivery, focusing on both current and developing near-room, in-room, and in-beam technologies crucial for treatment verification and adaptation, while addressing methodological solutions to improve accuracy in modeling and quantification of different sources of uncertainties.

This book covers a constructive approach to modeling analog neuromorphic circuits with CMOS and nano transistors, focusing on the BioRC project at the University of Southern California.

The aim of this book is to introduce the topics of reliability andtopic of quality assurance management such as ISO17025 and ISO9001 to scientists at an early stage in their careers, which will ensure they are equipped with the appropriate tools to plan and execute well managed, reproducible scientific research and help their careers in industry.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterisation, and advanced technological applications of novel nanocarbons, with a focus on graphane, graphyne, graphdiyne, graphene nanoribbon, onion like carbons and carbon nanotori.

The book covers the journey of hydrogen, from element to condensed matter with exotic physical properties and enormous technological promise as clean energy source and energy carrier. It is suitable for advanced undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students of hydrogen science and technology, and renewable energies.

How electromagnetic radiation such as light is scattered or absorbed by media is used in many fields as it can provide information on the size, shape, number, and dynamics of particles or objects. It is key to fields as diverse as physical chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology, microbiology, astronomy, atmospheric sciences and radar. This is not purely an academic concern, most aerosol mass in the atmosphere, including entrained mineral dust, volcanic ash, and soot consists of particles with irregular shapes and the way they scatter and absorb light has implications for many climate models. One new approach considers the scattering in reciprocal or Q-space. Q-space analysis has been used extensively in the fields of small angle x-ray and neutron scattering but developments in scattering, in general, and light scattering in particular, are relatively recent. This book provides a thorough overview of how particles of any size or shape scatter and absorb light. Its conceptual basis is unique and founded on the fact that light is first and foremost a wave and then also an electromagnetic wave. Thus the wave phenomenon of diffraction underlies all scattering, and the electromagnetic character of light causes the scattering to evolve away, in a systematic manner, from the diffraction limit. The mathematics of diffraction is the Fourier transform which links real space to reciprocal space, which we call Q-space. The Fourier variable q is related to the scattering angle in experiments so that with our Q-space perspective, we plot scattering data versus q, rather than the angle. This modest change allows hitherto unseen patterns and functionalities in scattering that unifies scattering of all shapes.Key featuresAn accessible introduction to a coherent physical description of scatteringEmphasis on interpretation and applicationsWritten by a pioneering researcher in the subjectSelf-contained includes relevant background physics and mathsA fresh, novel way to view the scattering of light by particles

Over the past two decades, Python has become the de facto standard language of data science both in industry and astronomy (with the exception of simulations and other extreme scale computing problems). This course text is a full introduction to programming in Python with an explicit focus on astrophysical applications.

This reference text explores the functional aspects of different nanostructured materials and their corresponding engineering applications. It demonstrates how nanostructured materials, and their device applications are linked, providing a vital bridge between the research and realisation of the technology.

This second edition expands on the introduction to the concept of symmetries in electromagnetism and explicit symmetry breaking. It addresses some of the recent developments in the field of radiation from magneto-electric materials and ferroelectric materials and correlate them to the nature of symmetries in physical systems.

This book represents a summary of "Emerging Trends in Electrochemical Sensors based on Carbon composite materials & its Applications", and assessment of most significant biological and hazardous molecules.

This book introduces the techniques of neutron and x-ray reflectometry and presents the studies carried out to date, using the techniques to understand emerging phenomena at the interfaces of thin films.

This book explores different polynomials in numerical and analytical/semi-analytical methods for solving a variety of science and engineering problems, with contributions from leading experts in areas such as mathematical modelling, mathematical physics, engineering, artificial intelligence, and fuzzy and interval based models.

As the first volume of a two-volume set, this book covers nuclear physics and can be treated as a complete course on the subject. The majority of topics in undergraduate and postgraduate courses on nuclear physics are covered, such as radioactivity, nuclear models, nuclear reaction, nuclear fission and fusion, deuteron problem and scattering.

This book presents ML concepts with a hands-on approach for physicists. The goal is to both educate and enable a larger part of the community with these skills. This will lead to wider applications of modern ML techniques in physics. Accessible to physical science students, the book assumes a familiarity with statistical physics but little in the way of specialised computer science background. All chapters start with a simple introduction to the basics and the foundations, followed by some examples and then proceeds to provide concrete examples with associated codes from a GitHub repository. Many of the code examples provided can be used as is or with suitable modification by the students for their own applications.Key Features: Practical Hands-on approach: enables the reader to use machine learningIncludes code and accompanying online resourcesPractical examples for modern research and uses case studiesWritten in a language accessible by physics studentsComplete one-semester course

This book introduces neutron imaging with a focus on its applications in academic and industrial applied materials science to provide an inspiring overview of the potential of the method.

Women physicists have few peers or limited mentoring. Until now there has not been a book to give women advice on how to succeed in physics as a career and achieve a happy and balanced life. Including a broad range of issues that confidence building but will cover a broad range of topics both person, technical and social.

There is a critical need for engineers to move away from using conventional petroleum-based oils and lubricants in mechanical systems due to their environmental impact. As the first book dedicated to multifunctional bio-based lubricants, this reference text provides detailed coverage on all aspects of the field, including the need for these lubricants and their performance, the synthesis and design routes, and their valuable multifunctional properties. The environmental benefits and superior properties of these lubricants are covered. With sustainability as a key focus, the book raises awareness of the need to develop bio-based lubricants with a lower environmental footprint than traditional lubricants, covers methods for synthesising lubricants from waste plastics (an emerging technique) and discusses suitable techniques for their eventual disposal.Key FeaturesFirst research book dedicated to multifunctional bio-based lubricantsProvides detailed coverage on the performance, synthesis and design of these lubricantsCovers the environmental benefits and superior propertiesDiscusses the future market based on the potential applicationsCovers disposal techniques and methods for synthesising lubricants from waste plastics