Bøger udgivet af Institute of Physics Publishing

This book presents a detailed account of the theory and methods to tackle systems of strongly interacting particles from a bottom-up approach, which has been largely developed in the past decade by the authors and other experts in the field. This begins with a full characterisation of strongly interacting few-particle systems, which can be dealt with accurately using a variety of analytical and numerical techniques. These non-perturbative solutions can be used to gain qualitative and quantitative insight into more complex problems, especially the many-body problem. The book gives a detailed overview of the relevant and current research literature in the field, and is a valuable tool for researchers and graduate students.Key Features: Many worked examples of representative quantum systems, together with their physical interpretations and the main consequences of their solutions.Set of problems at the end of each chapter, not meant to complement the theory, but to give the reader dexterity in using the chapter's methodologies.Timely discussion of a recently developed, and very active field summarised as "From Few- to Many-Body Quantum Physics of Strongly Interacting Particles", and the physics of interacting quantum systems in inhomogeneous media.First, coherent, detailed monograph on the theory and methods of the field.Presents a rigorous account of the modern approaches to low-energy collisions and their use in few- and many-body physics, which have not appeared in book format.The book is relevant to a wide range of researchers and advanced students, from atomic and condensed matter physics, to photonics and nuclear physics.Written by pioneers and true experts in the field

This course text provides an introduction of classical (Boltzmann) and quantum (Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein) statistics with application to condensed matter systems.

This reference text demonstrates how molecular dynamics can be used in practice to achieve a precise understanding of structural properties for systems devoid of any order beyond the first interatomic distances. The reader will learn the basic principles underlying molecular dynamics with a special emphasis on first-principles methodology. A roadmap of correct and efficient use is also provided using clear examples. The book concludes with a set of results that exemplify the level of accuracy and information inherent in (first-principles) molecular dynamics methodology when applied to amorphous and glassy materials. While the majority of systems studied are disordered chalcogenides, the ideas, concepts and methodologies involved are easily applicable to any system, providing a universal manual well-adapted to a wide range of practitioners, from graduate students to experienced researchers.Key Features: Describes the structure of amorphous materials using molecular dynamics through research conducted by a single author over an extended period of timeDemonstrates how molecular dynamics can be used in practice to achieve a precise understanding of structural properties for systems devoid of any order beyond the first interatomic distancesProvides a roadmap of correct and efficient use using clear examplesIncludes a set of results that exemplify the level of accuracy and information inherent in (first-principles) molecular dynamics methodology when applied to amorphous and glassy materialsCovers ideas, concepts and methodologies that are easily applicable to any systemProvides a universal manual well-adapted to a wide range of practitioners, from graduate students to experienced researchers

3D Printing in Radiation Therapy provides practical and comprehensive guidance for the implementation, quality management, maintenance and safe use of a clinical 3D printing programme in the radiation therapy context. Radiation therapy is a safe and effective treatment that can benefit half of all cancer patients, and the introduction of an appropriately planned, managed, and resourced 3D printing programme can increase that benefit in terms of the radiation therapy patient experience, staff engagement, treatment accuracy and improved treatment outcomes, in addition to monetary savings.Key features: Information to aid in selection of suitable 3D printing modalities, materials and software for radiation therapy applicationsGuidance regarding efficiently and accurately designing, printing and post-processing phantoms, jigs and attachments as well as radiation treatment equipment such as bolus, immobilisation devices, radiation shields and brachytherapy applicatorsA detailed introduction to comprehensive quality management of the 3D printing service, including documented risk assessments, commissioning methods, 3D printer maintenance, 3D print quality control, reviews, audits and staff trainingAdvice on the potential costs and benefits of the 3D printing service in terms of time, money, space, patient and staff safety, and waste management

Quantum Mechanics for Nuclear Structure, Volume two follows on from its predecessor by examining topics essential for understanding the many-body formulation. The algebraic structure of quantum theory is emphasised throughout as an essential aspect of the mathematical formulation of many-body quantum systems.

This book describes the theoretical principals and provides practical advice on the performance of QA measurements and discusses important performance parameters and the results that may be expected.

An exploration of climate challenges and near possible solution to improve yield, this edited book entitled "Molecular Response and Genetic Engineering for Stress in Plants, Volume 1: Abiotic stress" comprehensively and coherently reviews the different abiotic stress response mechanisms in plants with respect to the various aspects of rapidly growing omics techniques like genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and strategies through genetic engineering and molecular breeding for crop improvement. It provides a detailed examination of how genes and metabolites are modulated in plants in response to various stresses. The first volume covers the various abiotic stress response mechanisms in plants in the view of climate change and global food security. Key Features: This book explains the different molecular mechanisms and genetic engineering strategies which have been developed and adopted to cope with consistent environmental changes and global climate change.It explores the latest developments concerning abiotic stress response at the molecular level for the improvement of crop quality and sustainable agriculture.It presents an exploration of the challenges and conceivable solutions to improve yields of the staple of food crops using data on agricultural sciences and omics technology.It discovers how the better understanding of molecular mechanisms of plant response to different stress would be used to improve the quantitative and qualitative features of crop plants and allied areas.At the end-of-chapter, there is an inclusion of problems and their solutions related to the respective chapter.

An introductory book for graduate students and researchers in transformation optics and metasurfaces. Including practical guidance, this book will allow those new to the subject to immediately commence working in this exciting research area. In order to carry out the numerous examples in the book, it comes with full-wave simulation code.

This comprehensive introductory book on optical sensors provides an overview of essential principles used in optics. Its primary aim is to support students and professionals in developing a practical understanding, accomplished through a dedicated lab section that facilitates hands-on experience and further exploration of the covered theories.

Motivated by a renewed interest in impurity transport in nuclear fusion research, this reference text covers the diagnostics, experimental approach, and results of recent impurity transport studies in tokamak and helical plasmas. It also covers the impurity transport parallel to the magnetic field in the scrape-off layer (SOL) and the impact of magnetic topology on impurity transport. Topics covered include an introduction to impurity transport; the diagnostics system with passive and active spectroscopy; impurity transport across magnetic flux surfaces; the effect of magnetic topology; and the control of impurity transport using electron cyclotron resonance heating and ion cyclotron resonance heating. With few books available on impurity transport in plasmas, this book would appeal to academic researchers and graduate students on the field of plasma physics and nuclear fusion research.Key FeaturesDescribes recent developments in diagnostics for impurity transportCovers recent developments of an experimental approach for impurity transport studyProvides a comprehensive understanding of impurity transport in different magnetic configurationsCovers a new area of impurity transport experiment including the effect of magnetic topologyWritten by high-profile authors

The book sets the stage for nonlinear guided waves by introducing nonlinear wave propagation in 1D and expanding the mathematical treatment to guided waves. It considers self-interaction for harmonic generation and mutual interactions for wave mixing. It demonstrates the characteristics of nonlinear guided waves numerically and experimentally.

This book explores recent technological advancements regarding state of the art nanomaterials and nano systems for advanced energy and power storage.

This reference text explores breast cancer, Microwave scattering and microwave imaging based cancer detection. It also covers the basics of Microwave imaging and advanced methods in image reconstruction techniques. The role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in breast cancer diagnosis is also discussed.

In this enlightening book Beverly K Berger discusses examples from Einstein's theory of general relativity. Starting each chapter with an introduction to the science to be discussed in a conceptual and mathematical manner, the author then proceeds to describe the key cutting-edge areas of research in that field, with a focus on lessons learnt for the progress of science and with personal touches from her own extensive research career.

This edited book focuses on well-known and new methodologies of optimization techniques in human-assisted computing that are used to resolve some of the very complicated and hard problems we face today

This book explores basics of how to construct a laser isotope separation experiment, as well as a laser cooling magneto optical trap. It describes the minimum quantum mechanical background and fundamentals of optics needed to understand the experiments. The book provides detailed step-by-step thorough explanations of different techniques.