Bøger udgivet af Institute of Physics Publishing

This textbook is a comprehensive review of the physics of heterogeneous radiation and is linked, through a multidisciplinary approach, to clinical applications and biological considerations of heterogenous radiation. Fundamental principles of Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy (SFRT), techniques and technologies, dosimetric properties of SFRT, planning methods, documentation, standardized reporting metrics and clinical practice recommendations are comprehensively reviewed. The current status and results of clinical patient studies are presented, which have the potential to advance the management of bulky and advanced tumors. Potential biological underpinnings are reviewed that may challenge the current radiobiological understanding of radiation response and radiation therapy design parameters. Such multidisciplinary understanding is a critical foundation as the field of heterogeneous radiation rapidly advances in technological development and clinical investigation.**Key Features: **GRID collimator- and MLC-based GRID therapy3D Lattice radiation therapyFlash radiation therapyMinibeam and microbeam therapyProton beam GRID therapyGRID and Lattice therapy plan evaluation and documentationClinical applications of SFRT and patient outcomesMonte Carlo simulation techniques of SFRTPractical applications and procedures (where appropriate)Biological correlations and potential biological underpinningsImmune phenomena in SFRT

The study of Condensed Matter Physics has evolved over the last decade or so. The scope of Modern Condensed Matter Physics has expanded significantly from traditional solid-state physics and has become a highly interdisciplinary field of research.This book connects modern experimental discoveries with theoretical and fundamental concepts. It introduces the interacting and non-interacting aspects of fermionic systems and the role of topology and symmetry in understanding material properties.The text emphasizes quantum Hall effect, topological insulators and how the discovery of graphene has incited brilliant ideas in both fundamental and applied aspects. The role of interactions is discussed to explain topics including Magnetism and Superconductivity. Topics such as Bose Einstein condensation and superfluid properties of atomic systems in optical lattices are also a key feature of the text. The book offers something different to the field due to the range of topics covered in a pedagogical way for students.Key FeaturesProvides a modern perspective of condensed matter physicsAims to be understandable for studentsProvides significant pedagogical content in the form of derivations and illustrationsPresents advanced topics in a pedagogical manner

This volume discusses various diseases related to lung, heart, peripheral arterial imaging, and miscellaneous topics like gene expression characterization and classification. Further, the Vol. 2 discusses imaging applications, their complexities and the DL-models employed to resolve them in detail. The DL-based applications are categorized into two types: segmentation and characterization.The segmentation is chiefly involved in dissecting region-of-interest (ROI) of the infected part. In the characterization part, the dissected ROI or the overall image is graded as per the risk factor is involved. DL has a remarkable success in segmenting carotid plaque area from ultrasound common carotid artery images. Similarly in case of brain imaging, DL-based applications for brain cancer are divided into segmentation and characterization. In the segmentation part, the brain tumour is separated from the healthy tissue. In the characterization part, the tumour cells are graded as per their risk. Overall, DL is human brain comparable intelligence system which can strengthen effective medical treatment in a faster way. It is for sure, that DL-based technologies can enable doctors to quickly diagnose the patients, provide an effective plan for treatment and help in saving lives.Key features: Discusses various diseases related to lung, heart, peripheral arterial imaging, and miscellaneous topics like gene expression characterization and classificationDiscusses imaging applications, their complexities and the DL-models employed to resolve them in detailTakes the most basic workable model and then builds the entire architecture in a bottom-up approachProvides state-of-the-art contributions while addressing doubts in multimodal researchDetails the future of deep leanring and big data in medical imaging

This is the fourth volume of the highly regarded 'Physics of Cancer (Second Edition)' series, written with the aim of making very important topics in the physics of cancer visible to the research community. This fourth volume deals with mechanobiology using biophysical methods. The first chapter deals with mechanosensing and mechanotransduction on vastly different length scales. The second chapter discusses biophysical techniques for mechanical phenotype characterization of cells and nuclei. The third provides an overview of the mechanical phenotype of the plasma membrane. The fourth chapter contains the latest insights into the mechanical assessment of cell spheroids, organoids and tumoroids. The basic approach of this text is to present the latest promising findings to the scientific community, addressing scientists at all career stages.Key FeaturesFourth volume of the author's 'Physics of Cancer (Second Edition)' books, a highly regarded seriesComprises chapters that have been designed as self-contained unitsWritten by a widely respected expert in the physics of cancer fieldCovers state-of-the-art techniques that were developed by the authorIncludes research findings that have been presented in numerous peer-reviewed journal articlesContains extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study

Embracing the enhanced features if an ebook the author provide an primer on quantum optics for students and those wanting an introduction to the exciting world of quantum optics

The book gives a thorough introduction to singularities and their development. It explains in detail important topics such as the types of singularities, their properties, detection and application, and emerging research trends.

This reference text provides a comprehensive and concise overview of the field of organic electronics, covering both the theoretical and practical of the materials and devices involved in the technology. It is an invaluable reference for graduate or senior undergraduate students, researchers, and engineers with a minimal background in condensed matter physics.

Plasma Modeling: Methods and applications presents and discusses the different approaches that can be adopted for plasma modeling, giving details about theoretical and numerical methods. It describes kinetic models used in plasma investigations, develops the theory of fluid equations and hybrid models, and discusses applications and practical problems across a range of fields.This updated second edition contains over 200 pages of new material, including an extensive new part that discusses methods to calculate data needed in plasma modeling, such as thermodynamic and transport properties, state specific rate coefficients in heavy particle collisions and electron impact cross sections. This updated research and reference text is an excellent resource to assist and direct students and researchers who want to develop research activity in the field of plasma physics in the choice of the best model for the problem of interest.Key Features: New edition updated throughoutContains a new part covering methods to calculate data needed in plasma modellingContains detailed descriptions of numerical methodsIncludes a wide variety of applications of the modelsChapters written by experts in the field

Fundamentals of Quantum Entanglement describes the origin of the physics of quantum entanglement and provides a transparent interferometric description of the subject matter. This monograph will be useful to optical engineers, graduate students and those with an interest in quantum entanglement and quantum communications.

This multidisciplinary book provides a comprehensive overview of the fabrication and development of molecularly imprinted polymer-based devices for various sensing applications.

This book frames the climate problem in a comprehensive way and cuts through common conceptual confusions that impede rapid action.The first chapter describes the history, nature, and scope of the climate problem. The second chapter describes how to stabilize the climate by ending fossil fuels, minimizing non-fossil emissions, and creating a climate-positive biosphere.The authors identify five technical pillars of climate action needed to stabilize the climate, each of which gets its own chapter. These include electrifying (almost) everything, decarbonizing the electricity grid, minimizing non-fossil emissions, promoting efficiency and optimization, and removing carbon from the atmosphere. The book then moves beyond the narrow technical and policy focus of most previous climate solutions work by detailing three more "institutional" pillars that require action: aligning incentives, mobilizing money, and elevating truth.Key Features: Teaches methods for assessing the potential for emissions reductions at the government, company, funder, and individual citizen levels.Provides the reader with a quantitative sense of the massive scope and rapid rate of change needed to truly meet the climate challenge while simultaneously providing realistic and actionable solutions.Summarizes evidence-based advice from two experts on creating zero emissions and net climate-positive systems and institutions.Trains the reader to separate fact from fiction when analysing climate solutions and provides realistic paths towards climate progress for a wide range of decision-makers.