Bøger udgivet af I.E.E.E.Press

This book constitutes the Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE-USA Professional Activities Conference and the second annual professional activities conference. It assists individuals with the development of leadership, teamwork, negotiating, networking, and other professional skills.

This volume of original papers has been assembled to honor Azriel Rosenfeld, a dominant figure in the field of computer vision and image processing for over 30 years. Over this period he has made many fundamental and pioneering contributions to nearly every area in this field. Azriel Rosenfeld wrote the first textbook in the field in 1969 and was the founding editor of its first journal in 1972. The contributions in this book illustrate the change that have occurred in dealing with crucial research problems and the methodologies employed to solve them. The 22 papers specifically written for this text are by only a handful of researchers who have known and worked with Azriel over the years. These papers address five major themes: image segmentation, feature extraction, 3D shape estimation from 2D images, object recognition, and applications technologies.

This book provides an in-depth study concerning a claqss of problems in the general area of load sharing and balancing in parallel and distributed systems. The authors present the design and analysis of load distribution strategies for arbitrarily divisible loads in multiprocessor/multicomputer systems subjects to the system constraints in the form of communication delays. In particular, two system architecture-single-level tree or star network, and linear network-are thoroughly analyzed. The text studies two different cases, one of processors with front-ends and the other without. It concentrates on load distribution strategies and performance analysis, and does not cover issues related to implementation of these strategies on a specific system. The book collates research results developed mainly by two groups at the Indian Institute of Science and the State University of New York at Stony Brook. It also covers results by other researchers that have either appeared or are due to appear in computer science literature. The book also provides relevant but easily understandable numerical examples and figures to illustrate important concepts. It is the first book in this area and is intended to spur further research enabling these ideas to be applied to a more general class of loads. The new methodology introduced here allows a close examination of issues involving the integration of communication and computation. In fact, what is presented is a new "calculus" for load sharing problems.

Details the complete Splash 2 project--the hardware and software systems, their architecture and implementation, and the design process by which the architecture evolved from an earlier version machine. In addition to the description of the machine, this book explains why Splash 2 was engineered. It illustrates several applications in detail, allowing you to gain an understanding of the capabilities and the limitations of this kind of computing device. The Splash 2 program is significant for two reasons. First, it is part of a complete computer system that achieves supercomputer like performance on a number of different applications. The second significant aspect is that this large system is capable of performing real computations on real problems. In order to understand what happens when the application programmer designs, it is necessary to see the system as a whole. This book looks in-depth at one of the handful of data points in the design space of this nee kind of machine.

A full understanding of the common programming idioms and the interactions of application code and its underlying hardware and software are needed in order to develop good tools. This book explores software tools for parallel computer systems and details the current situation, outlines research issues, and discusses technology transition remedies. It also presents intuitive examples of the user interfaces best suited for illustrating these interactions. In this book, developers of both debugging and performance analysis tools, application developers, and vendors discuss the technical and sociological problems facing the field. These discussions let you learn from others needs and frustrations in building and using tools on parallel systems. The book covers three major research themes: tools for task and data parallel languages techniques for real-time adaptive system control and optimization of heterogeneous metacomputing applications.

Introduces the students to the important mathematical foundations and tools in AI and describes their application to the design of AI algorithms. The book presents an introductory AI course based on the most important mathematics applications, while focusing on important topics that are proven useful in AI and involve the most broadly applicable mathematics. The book explores AI from three different viewpoints: goals, methods or tools, and achievements and failures. Its goals of reasoning, planning, learning, or language understanding and use are centered around the expert system idea. The tools of AI are presented in terms of what can be incorporated in the data structures. The book examines the concepts and tools of limited structure, mathematical logic, logic-like representation, numerical information, and nonsymbolic structures. Many introductory texts give the impression that AI is just a collection of heuristic ideas, data structures, and clever hacks. Fortunately, AI researchers use mathematics and are developing new tools. Since much of the mathematics used in AI is not part of standard undergraduate curriculum, the student will be learning mathematics and seeing how it is used in AI at the same time. A diskette containing solutions to many of the exercises is available for instructors.

The best practices for software process improvement (SPI) and the related international standards are the focus of this new and valuable reference. It is a collection of republished papers from some of the best journals in SPI and original papers commissioned from some of the leading international experts in field, providing in one volume a significant proportion of he accumulated expertise on SPI. This book presents a practical survey on the use of SPI and software process assessment (SPA) as practiced by companies such as Lockheed Martin, Siemens, and Hewlett Packard. Some of its important features are chapters on software product evaluation, how to best perform SPI, ISO 9000 and TickIT--an alternative approach to SPA--as well as the latest information on the CMM integration project. The text also provides vivid descriptions on the most important international and national standards for SPI, in particular ISO 9001, ISO 9000-3, ISO/IEC 9126, ISO/IEC 15504, and ISO/IEC 12207. Software Process Improvement should benefit: Software managers who want to learn about the requirements and effects of SPI Software process staff who need to understand the mechanisms of SPA and SPI Software developers who are affected by SPI and need to know how to apply it College students who want to understand the various methods of SPA and SPI

In his latest book, Leo Wrobel examines the technologies, devices, and equipment commonly used by telecommunications carriers. He explores the basics of voice and data communications as well as a wide range of telecommunications topics, particularly focusing on client server LAN networks within wide area networks and digital networks. Major issues surrounding LAN interconnection are explained in easy-to-understand language and numerous illustrations. Wrobel provides MIS and network managers a comprehensive view of emerging telecommunications technologies, current networking technology for information systems, and detailed information on how to implement useful solutions. Reviews of industry standard solutions from a technical perspective give a detailed overview of the various protocols and their operation. He also looks at the applicability of the technology to support organizational data and communications needs for a competitive advantage. The book is written for LAN, MIS, and IT managers, computer operations managers, telecom managers, technical service providers, equipment suppliers, network planners, and software engineers.

As software systems become increasingly large and complex, the need increases to predict and control the effects of software changes. Software Change Impact Analysis captures the latest information on the science and art of determining what software parts affect each other. It provides a battery of ideas for doing impact analysis better, presents a framework for the field, and focuses attention on important results. You will gain a healthy respect for the strengths and limitations of impact analysis technology and a solid background that will prove valuable for years to come. The book identifies key impact analysis definitions and themes and illustrates the important themes to give you a solid understanding for tackling impact analysis problems. It includes reports on software source code dependency analysis and software traceability analysis and shows how results from both areas can more effectively support impact analysis in software engineering repositories. It also describes why impact representation and determination techniques are at the heart of both source dependency analysis and traceability analysis.

Since the earliest days of the computer industry, managing a software project has been a complex and demanding activity. While the technical content of software products and the technical methods used to build them have changed over time, the fundamental issues that determine the success or failure of software project have remained fairly constant. The contents of this book, together with the underlying IEEE Standards, are dedicated to helping the reader in their ongoing task to produce quality software products in a conventional manner. This book, containing all original material, is built on the proposition that the IEEE Software Engineering Standards capture many of the fundamental "best practices" of software project management. It will assist the reader in successfully applying those standards to their projects and their organization. To meet this goal, the authors discuss and elaborate on the standards covering these three key management areas: Software systems engineering Process for developing software products Planning and control of software project activities The body of the text is correspondingly organized into three important parts: Software Systems Engineering; Process Management and Control; and Project Planning and Management.

This book examines one class of combinatorial optimization algorithms -- general iterative non-deterministic algorithms. These algorithms have recently shown significant interest due to their generality, ease of implementation, and the many success stories reporting very positive results.Iterative Computer Algorithms and Their Applications in Engineering uniformly describes five iterative algorithms for solving hard combinatorial optimization problems, namely simulated annealing, genetic algorithms, Tabu search, simulated evolution, and stochastic evolution. It is the only book to describe in a single volume these five main iterative combinatorial algorithms. The introductory chapter motivates the reader to study and use the general iterative approximation algorithms, while introducing the basic terminology.The authors present various iterative techniques and illustrate how they can be applied to solve several NP-hard problems. The book includes case studies of real engineering problems and provides comparative analysis using various techniques that the authors have experimented with and solved. For each algorithm, the authors present the procedures of the algorithm, parameter selection criteria, convergence property analysis, and parallelization. There are also several real-world examples that illustrate various aspects of the algorithms, including real engineering problems. Examples are presented wherever appropriate to illustrate any required mathematical concepts.The book has many unique features-- An integrated and up-to-date description of iterative non-deterministic algorithms-- It is the first book to describe in detail simulated evolution and stochasticevolution-- A brief introduction to fuzzy logic and its application in the formulation of multi-objective optimization problems-- A discussion on hybrid techniques that combine features of heuristics discussed in the book-- A level of treatment suitable for first year graduate stu