Bøger udgivet af ELIVA PR

Medicinal plants are photosynthetic organisms that have potential biological activities thanks to their phytochemical compounds. The scientific investigations in the pharmacological profile of the Taraxacum Officinale show that the Taraxacum Officinale extracts or the plant itself are used in making drugs for the following activities: diuretic activity, choleretic activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-oxidative activity, anti-carcinogenic activity, anti-allergic activity, anti-hyperglycemic activity, anti-coagulatory, anti-thrombotic activity, and prebiotic activity. However, the potential of these activities inhabits due to several factors such as temperature and humidity. This paper presents the results of several experimental studies on moisture adsorption phenomena using experimental design methodology and the gravimetric static method as keys to study the impact of temperature and humidity on the powder of the Taraxacum Officinale leaves as well as modeling the moisture adsorption at different temperatures. Additionally, empirical models are fitted in order to regress the isotherms data and represent the relationship between the equilibrium moisture content of the product and water activity. The analysis of the interaction between these factors is based on experiments, statistical calculations, and the analysis of variance method which allows verifying the fact that the humidity affects the powder stability more than the temperature or their interactions. The results of the thermodynamic analysis of water adsorption have been determined by the application of the thermodynamics physical principles to the equilibrium data, which are experimentally measured.

The Lotka-Volterra equations were developed to describe the dynamics of biological systems, one specie is the prey and the other predator. Being a system of first order non-linear differential equations, the solution to this model has periodic meaning that the cycle will continue ad infinitum with the rise and fall of both populations. This research provided a further numerical solution of the Lotka-Volterra predation model, by applying the mathematical Eigen-value and vector method to simplify the understudy model into linear equations. Results of the provided numerical solutions are presented to show the operational behaviour of the model, and by comparison were favourable with other existing models. While prey-predator activities are arguably building blocks of the bio and ecosystems, species contend, evolve and disperse merely for the aim of seeking resources to sustain their struggle for survival. An ecological surveillance simulation that follows the model is implemented using Java to show visual interactions between predators and preys.

In the Democratic Republic of Congo, particularly in the east, the peasant communities of Munene and surrounding areas in the Tanganyika sector in the territory of Fizi, in South Kivu province, have observed with bitter regret that the fires caused by vegetation is an ancestral practice widely used in agriculture. But, beyond certain criteria, the utilitarian aspect of fires is replaced by harmful and damaging consequences for the environment. Among the impacts of uncontrolled fires involving the loss of plant resources, reducing its availability for human needs and the ecosystemic balance in the face of growing fire problems related to the disruption of climate change due to human activities causing floods, erosion, desertification, pollution. It is necessary to better understand the impact of fires related to erosions and plant biomass. This study aims to assess theimpact of fires on plant production and diversity. The study focuses on the herbaceous layer exposed to surface fire in protected areas. It shows that biomass is low in burned areas compared to areas excluded from fires. This participatory approach aims at information, awareness and, above all, support for planning.

The corruption is a phenomenon with which some countries have been today grappled, especially developing nations. It has multiple causes and consequences and its range starts from an individual action (e.g. bribe) and covers all cornerstones of political and economic system and is developed. Despite complexity, difficulty and sensitivity of involvement with this symptom, the extensive studies have been conducted for measurement of corruption, expression of reasons for perpetration of such criminal activity and presentation of deterrent solutions by international communities during recent years. This study aims to conduct comparative analysis on corruption in Iran and Japan and the findings suggest that Iran has acquired rank 130 in received corruption while Japan received rank 74 in this regard.

Military spending is not considered a productive activity that can contribute positively to GDP, however It effect indirectly through degreasing the risk and provide stability, moreover since its considered a major expenditure in many countries, it could indirectly affect the economy by increasing income level as well as production of military goods and service. This study explored the fact whether economy grows with the rise of military spending or vice versa. The research work comprises of various independent variables including military spending, and explored their effect of on economic growth and per capita income over 85 countries for the last 20 years i.e. from 1998 to 2017. Models suggested that the impact of defense expenditure (DE) on economic growth is negative since left less money to invest in other areas like infrastructure, health, education and production of routine goods. One notable change depicted in the interaction effect of military spending and arms exports, it have a positive and significant effect, showing a positive complementarities between the two. This shows that military spending itself have a negative effect but if it is complemented by arms exports, that spending turns favorablefor GDP in both the models. Hence in most refined model, it is clearly evident that arms exports were not only good for GDP level and growth, but it would also make the military spending infavorable to economy. Hence, results imply that for developed countries, military spending in the presence of arms export is an effective foreign policy tool to securing economic growth and maintaing political stability and strong rule of law.

Articles in this book are published in various International Journals by Dr. Prashanth G Malur and co-authored by Dr. Nandini Lakshmikantha. The author spreads the horizons of research to role of media and its influence on the society, media education and case study of sex workers. The author contributes the solution through the recommendation on role of media in disseminating waste management, status of learners in Journalism and Mass Communication, dignifying prostitutes, and how can learners in media studies be empowered with employable skills. The topics are diversed in the area of Humanities and Social Sciences, yet, connected to every human being living in the society across the globe.

The independent association of S. mutans and Scardovia wiggsiae and their association in ECC and as a risk indicator has been reported in the literature. Its prevalence in low and high caries risk of urban adolescent Indian population has not been reported so far. 50 adolescent subjects were screened based on ADA risk assessment criteria. Group 1(n=25) - Low caries risk (saliva, plaque) Group 2 (n=25)- High caries risk (saliva, plaque and dentinal caries) and were evaluated for the presence of Scardovia wiggsiae by PCR analysis. Based on the results, highest prevalent was found in dentinal caries followed by plaque and saliva samples of high caries risk subjects; whereas it was totally absent in both the samples of low risk caries subjects. Under the limitations of this study it can be concluded that Scardovia wiggsiae being more acidogenic and aciduric, could be one of the predominant microorganism for initiation and progression of caries and can be used as a risk indicator for dental caries assessment in a given population. Thus by identifying the actual predominant genera in the microbial communities, preventive strategies can be targeted specifically to decrease the level of prevalence, thereby lowering caries experience in a given population.