Bøger udgivet af BOD THIRD PARTY TITLES

Optical interferometry has always been at the heart of interdisciplinary applications. For decades the subject has expanded from fundamental physics and astronomy projects to engineering and telecommunications studies. With the most recent technologies available, along with an extremely well-connected community ready to employ them, the application domain has advanced into other, less explored areas of research. The aim of this book is to review recent developments in OI techniques and aid readers in their exploration of different aspects of the subject. The focus of the novel reports presented in this volume ranges from traditional topics to newer applications, such as those related to biology and clinical procedures. Although this collection of articles is by no means exhaustive, efforts have been made to provide examples and discussions from as many different areas of this wide-ranging subject as possible.

Even 110 years after its discovery, Chagas disease is still an important public health problem, especially in Latin America where it is endemic. The limited effect of current treatments in the chronic phase of the disease, as well as the lack of information about disease progression, are crucial challenges that justify the intense research on this illness. The interaction between the etiological agent Trypanosoma cruzi and its invertebrate and vertebrate hosts involves the regulation of the parasite virulence and host immune responses. T. cruzi presents mechanisms to evade host defenses, including resistance to oxidative species and vesicles secretion, among many others. In this context, a better understanding of the biochemical and molecular features of the parasite's success inside its hosts could contribute to the development of novel anti-T. cruzi strategies such as prototypes of drugs and vaccines. This book discusses Chagas disease and its etiological agent, including information on relevant clinical aspects such as diagnosis, treatment, biomarkers, and so on. It also presents information about cellular, molecular, and biochemical characteristics of the parasite-host interactions.

Global climate change is intensifying and is increasingly recognized as a major challenge that requires an urgent response from scientists and other communities. Reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, is an essential process to mitigate climate change. This book addresses the latest carbon management approaches that will combat the increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It provides a comprehensive review of the physical, chemical, and biological processes of carbon sequestration. Chapters discuss carbon capture, storage, utilization, and chemistry, as well as the geomechanical aspects of carbon sequestration.

Chalcogenides are chemical compounds that contain one or more sulfides, selenides, and tellurides (S, Se, Te) paired with an electropositive counterpart. They are developed through a strong covalent bond creating a variety of morphological structures, frequently organized by hexagonal or monoclinic geometry. The derivatives of chalcogenide materials such as binary, ternary, and quaternary are pertinent in various applications, including sensors, batteries, opto-electronics, photovoltaics, fuel cells, and photocatalysts. Chalcogenide-based materials can be developed through a variety of physical and chemical methodologies. This book provides a general overview of these methodologies and discusses the various chalcogen materials and their different applications. It includes eight chapters in three sections: "Chalcogen Fabrication", "Solar Cells and Batteries" and "Nanoscale Devices".

Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, and the second most consumed after water. Based on evidence from cellular, animal, epidemiological, and clinical studies, tea consumption has been linked to several health benefits, including cancer chemoprevention, chronic inflammation, heart and liver diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. This book provides an up-to-date critical view of the health benefits of tea, including its phytochemistry, traditional usage, current applications, and future directions for the development of tea compounds as effective medicinal agents. It is a useful resource for academics, scientists, students, and industry professionals interested in tea, medicinal plants, and traditional medicines.

This book discusses RNA viruses and their potential to cause pandemics, such as the coronavirus pandemic the world is currently experiencing. It discusses different types of RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV2, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, HIV, and others. Chapters examine the epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and control using the One Health approach.

This book, "Hypertension - An Update", covers diverse topics, such as an overview of mechanisms, MRI as a diagnostic tool, the role of stem cells in elucidating molecular mechanisms and tools for hypertension research and therapeutics. It also covers epidemiology and the role of Vitamin D in hypertension. These varied subjects will be of keen interest to clinicians and research scientists.

Fluoride covers a continuum of topics that are frequently studied in the broad area of fluoride (F) research. It provides an overview of the primary sources of environmental fluoride in typical high-fluoride environments and demonstrates the transitions and transformations that emerge and culminate in hydro-geochemical interactions that result in fluoride-fouling of large portions of the world's water and agricultural resources. This way, the book pinpoints the connection between F enrichment of water sources and the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in certain areas of the world. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the global fluoride problem, new fluoride detection and quantification technologies are proposed with an in-depth analysis of emerging trends in the use of portable user-friendly devices in point-of-use measurements of water fluoride. This has been presented against the backdrop of a robust overview of traditional fluoride quantification methodologies that are still in wide application among the scientific communities. In addressing fluoride toxicities, which are not limited to dental and skeletal dilapidations, the authors have explored the role of natural antioxidants in ameliorating physiological fluoride-induced noxious effects in mammalian systems. Nonetheless, since community dependence on high-fluoride water due to a lack of alternative clean water sources remains to be the principal pathway of human fluoride over-exposure, a review chapter on F mitigation techniques applied all over the world is incorporated aiming at providing a succinct overview of water defluoridation techniques and strategies being used to combat the impacts of human F overexposure around the globe. Since every cloud has a silvery lining, the possibility of using ammonium fluorides as a novel reagent in mineral processing has been considered convenient industrial fluorinating agents, which present the possibility of complete regeneration that is not afforded by the reagents presently used in decomposing silicon component of the ores.

Maintaining interpersonal relationships is essential for individuals to achieve successful human social interactions and healthy human development. As such, this book adds to our knowledge about how to develop interpersonal relationships wisely and strategically among individuals of different roles in a variety of dyadic relationships. The book addresses intriguing issues that reflect novel developments and relevant challenges in the field of interpersonal relationships, especially via works conducted with the dyadic approach to interpersonal synchrony and interpersonal divergence. It characterizes how the dyadic relationship is a crucial factor in successful healthcare treatment in clinical settings, gives an overview of how the dyadic approach reveals the role of interdependence between individuals within educational and counseling pairs, and demonstrates how the quality of interpersonal relationships contributes to organizational citizenship behaviors in organizational and management settings.

Rubber materials are widely used in both domestic and industrial applications. There are numerous types of rubber with important properties and characteristics. This book examines some of these types of rubber materials, presenting information on their mechanical, optical, acoustic, and kinetic properties and their characterization via spectroscopic techniques.

This book investigates energy recovery in large industries and utilities throughout the world. It includes seven chapters that provide information on the theory of energy recovery and its requirements for industrial applications.

Sand is commonly used in construction, often providing bulk, strength, and stability to other materials such as asphalt, concrete, mortar, render, cement, and screed. This book presents recent advances in the sand in construction techniques with special emphasis on contemporary issues in non-destructive testing (NDT) and evaluation. Chapters cover such topics as the origin, classification, and technology of sand control in construction, the importance of using sand in construction, and the various types of sand and their purposes in different types of construction.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of sickle cell anemia, with chapters addressing diagnosis and clinical, psychosocial, and pharmacological management of patients with this disease. It is a vital resource for biomedical science and medical students, interns, pediatricians, general physicians, and other healthcare professionals involved in offering care and support to patients with sickle cell disease.

Aortic stenosis is one of the most common and serious valvular diseases in the elderly. Its prevalence increases with age and treatment is always surgical. This book provides a comprehensive overview of aortic stenosis diagnosis and treatment. Chapters address such topics as the use of computer tomography in assessing aortic stenosis, role of frozen allografts in aortic valve surgery, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), the Ross procedure, and more.

Hydrogels are well-defined structures that do not dissolve in water. They have many uses, especially in biomedicine. This book provides a comprehensive overview of hydrogels, including their characteristics and applications in medical devices, drug delivery, robotics, "smart" applications, and more.

Pulmonary lobectomy is one of the most performed thoracic surgery procedures worldwide. These special operations, which have a higher risk of mortality and morbidity compared to many surgical interventions, are only possible with sufficient theoretical knowledge and experience. Anatomical lung resections, which started with mass ligation of the pulmonary hilum in the 1800s, have become specialized operations that mostly use minimally invasive methods and require individual dissection of hilar structures. However, to date, there has only been a limited number of textbooks on these complex procedures. This book, which discusses the principles of pulmonary lobectomy, was written by experts in the field of thoracic surgery and other subspecialties. Surgical anatomy, VATS lobectomy, RATS lobectomy and intensive care follow-up are discussed in detail. The textbook should be useful for surgery residents and thoracic surgeons seeking to improve their understanding and skills in pulmonary lobectomy.

While the demand for counseling and psychotherapy is increasing in this ever-growing and ever-complicating world, traditional theories and methods are becoming less useful because of the rapid change in people's lifestyles due to technological developments and because of an increase in clients with various ethnic and cultural backgrounds. This volume provides helpful and instructive information on counseling and psychotherapy, including discussions of theoretical innovations and proposals for new practices that transcend ethnic/cultural differences. It also includes chapters addressing the status of counseling services in African states under the COVID-19 pandemic.

Computer games are a billion-dollar business. In 2021, the value of the gaming industry was about 200 billion US dollars. This book describes some modern approaches, procedures, algorithms, and devices in computer gaming. It includes information on classifications and types of games, technical means of game systems, game consoles, and the newest tools based on extended reality (XR) technologies. Furthermore, the book discusses visualization and 3D computer graphics, game cores (engines) and platforms, genre selection, story design, and trends in game design. It also includes formalizations, algorithms, and tools for a game theory and examines the use of virtual reality and related technologies in modern game user interfaces. Lastly, the book discusses optimizations, testing, and presentations of games and examines the sociological impacts of computer games.

Ion transporters are membrane proteins that allow the passage of ions or charged small molecules through the lipid membrane. They are present in every cell of every organism. The group of ion transporters comprises different types of ion pumps, ion exchangers, and ion channels. This book focuses mostly on ion channels, which represent the biggest subset of ion transporters. Ion transporters, especially ion channels, are of imminent interest in the field of life sciences with possible therapeutic outcomes. Each piece of knowledge that can help us understand their role and function is worth noticing. This book provides a comprehensive overview of ion channels, including their diversity and functions in physiology and pathophysiology.

Revisiting Plant Biostimulants focuses on recent advances in plant biostimulants (PBs), an eco-friendly sustainable technology that supports the increased agricultural production required to feed rapidly growing populations. PBs contain diverse bioactive natural substances: (i) humic and fulvic acids, (ii) animal and vegetal protein hydrolysates, (iii) macroalgae seaweed extracts, and (iv) silicon, as well as beneficial microorganisms. There are many concerns about the sustainability of current conventional methods as continued use of chemicals degrades both soil and the environment. This book explores the use of PBs, and their potential responses to current and impending environmental change.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of bridge and road engineering. Apart from bridge structures, roads and highways are integral to the advancement of cities. The lack of quantifiable, sustainable construction methods creates gaps in sustainability knowledge, leading to public, environmental, and financial dissatisfaction with completed highways and urban roads. This book discusses the key points in the design and construction assessment of bridges, highways, and roads. Chapters discuss such topics as bridge optimization techniques, risk assessment of roads, highway management systems, and challenges in highway construction. The book provides detailed insight into the impact of bridges and roads on the environment and the benefits of adopting development assessment systems to increase the safety of bridge structures, roads, and highways.

Effectively planning, implementing, and evaluating health promotion programs can promote behavioral and social change, contribute to the elimination of health inequalities, and improve health outcomes. The health promotion examples in this book illustrate how people are affected by the cultural, social, and environmental factors in which they live. It also reveals that the values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of target groups have an impact on health promotion.Health Promotion consists of two parts. In the first part, chapters examine the concept of health promotion and the current situation in health promotion. In the second part, chapters provide examples of health promotion in different countries and fields, as well as examples of health promotion practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Heavy metals are a group of metals and metalloids that includes transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides. When released into water, these elements have toxic effects on water quality and surface sediments, affecting environmental parameters such as pH and temperature. Therefore, metals that are harmful to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems pose a significant threat to plants, animals, and human health. As such, there is increased interest in mitigating the harmful environmental impacts of heavy metals. This book provides a comprehensive overview of heavy metals, their impacts on water, soil, food crops, and cosmetics, and techniques for their remediation. It is organized into three sections: "Heavy Metals and Their Effects on the Environment," "Evaluation of Heavy Metals and Their Risks to Irrigation Water," and "Remediation of Heavy Metals."

Redox reactions are involved in biochemistry, energy, corrosion, and much more. In both biology and electrochemistry, the redox reaction is complex and varied. For example, redox shuttles in supercapacitors show aspects of molecular electrochemistry applied to electrode porosity. In pseudocapacitors, the formalism associated with their electrochemical response requires investigation and formalism. Similarly, the simple definition of redox potential opens fundamental questions about its measurement in solutions without supporting salts. This book illustrates the variety of redox reactions in its examination of the importance of redox molecules in the development of new electrical energy storage devices.

The deterioration of the balance between precipitation and evaporation and the long duration of this situation is known as drought. Drought adversely affects many environmental components such as soil processes, vegetation growth, wildlife, water quality, and aquatic ecosystems. While drought has unfavorable impacts on both surface and groundwater resources, hydrological regimes can also be affected by it, changing the chemistry of surface waters and the runoff pathway, which can negatively influence water quality. Today one out of every three people is faced with the drought and water shortage risk, thus water scarcity and water stress. This book presents studies on the various forms and severity of the drought that can occur in almost every region of the world as well as their causes and impacts. It analyzes in detail the complex drought phenomenon, which has a significant impact on water resources, agriculture, energy production, human health, and forest fires.

This book provides comprehensive insights into all aspects of nursing care and research, with an up-to-date assessment of current clinical practices worldwide. Today's nurses play a significant role in clinical settings not only as caregivers, but also as educators and patient advocates helping all types of people from different socioeconomic backgrounds, religious beliefs, and political alignments. With most countries impacted negatively by the Covid-19 pandemic, and significant global health disparities remaining, the concept of "global health" is now well accepted. Nurses and other healthcare providers across the world are doing their best to come up with effective treatments for many diseases, both common and rare, and recognize that it is important to treat not only the physiological and pathological presentations of disease but also patients' emotional needs. The quality of patient care and clinical competences have a powerful impact on therapeutic progression and recovery. This book aims to help healthcare providers and facilities give their patients excellent treatment and experiences, with a team of international experts presenting their best practices in the treatment of different metabolic and psychiatric diseases and conditions. The book is recommended for nurses, healthcare professionals, students and patients who are focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities.

This book consists of several selected chapters on important subjects in modern high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The content addresses aspects related to both improvements in the mainstream HPLC/UPLC technology and utilization, as well as developments of exploratory new materials and equipment. The book presents useful details about the presented subjects as well as describes new applications and/or relevant case studies for each subject. It is addressed to a large audience of analytical chemists involved in separation science. Each chapter is authored by scientists with considerable field and academic experience.

Over the last decades, the growing prevalence of insulin resistance has dramatically contributed to the global epidemic of metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, there is an unmet need for novel nutritional and pharmacological strategies aimed to prevent or treat insulin resistance and its related comorbidities. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology and clinical consequences of insulin resistance in different settings, describing novel diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets of this condition.

Child abuse and neglect are major problems facing psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and medical professionals. It occurs in homes and social settings and is currently increasing because of the mass displacement of families due to migration, war, and even climate change. It can be the background to so many puzzling presentations in mental health and social care settings. This book includes five chapters that address physical and sexual child abuse. Topics covered include resilience to trauma, the new psychiatric diagnosis of developmental trauma disorder, court accommodations for children with disabilities, improving teacher knowledge of child sexual abuse with training, and the global challenge of child abuse and neglect.

Various types of casting processes have been developed to manufacture good-quality castings. Different casting processes produce different casting properties and microstructures in castings. This book examines various types of casting processes as well as their properties and applications. Over six chapters in four sections, this volume discusses semi-solid casting and squeeze casting processes, the flowability of sand mixtures and liquid metal flow in mold cavities, gravity die casting, and cast iron technology.