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In a totally globalized world with a population estimated to reach 10 billion by the year 2100, according to the United Nations, food security and food safety are two of the main challenges facing humanity. Foodborne pathogens continue to cause many cases of infection in humans worldwide each year. Global trade today results in food produced in a specific region or industry being distributed globally, which can lead to a food-poisoning outbreak affecting people in different countries. The increase in antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains is another cause for concern. Detection and control of pathogens are therefore essential to prevent the occurrence of food-poisoning outbreaks and to reduce the prevalence of pathogens along the food production chain. Throughout the chapters of this book, the reader will have an overview of the main food pathogens and the problems they cause, as well as the main control measures and techniques for their rapid detection.

Management of hypoglycemia in diabetes mellitus is a landmark achievement, especially in patients who take insulin. This book provides a comprehensive overview of hypoglycemia, including its pathophysiology, causes, clinical manifestations, management, and screening. It presents recent findings and research in the field and discusses new advancements in hypoglycemic control, including recently developed point-of-care devices for the home and the clinic.

This book discusses the significance of interferon (INF) in the clinical aspects of the disease. Chapters address the biological, chemical, and physiological aspects of IFN and how IFN can assist various targeted health interventions. The information contained herein is useful for designing IFN gamma-directed strategies for managing various diseases discussed in the text.

The book "Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting" is an excellent update for health care professionals, taking care of patients who are suffering from severe coronary artery disease. The 8 chapters in this book were written by experts in their topics. The first section describes the perioperative management. The second section describes the details of various surgical techniques. The last section discusses the superiority of CABG vs PCI. I believe this book will suffice the interests of our readers.

Intelligent textiles are the next generation of textiles, materials, and products designed to react quickly to changes in their surroundings. They are designed to keep us cool in hot conditions, warm in cold environments, and comfortable in our regular day-to-day activities. They are utilized for convenience, fashion, safety, and protection. They also have applications in health care and hygiene in the form of intelligent medical textiles. This book provides a comprehensive overview of these exciting new materials. Chapters discuss such topics as implantable and non-implantable applications in medical textiles, restrictions on the recycling of intelligent textiles, electronics and conductive materials in textiles, and more.

Spinal cord injury is a severe scenario that may be caused by traumatic and non-traumatic vertebral or neurological disorders. Neurological impairment, chronic pain, and reduced quality of life may affect patients suffering from spinal cord injury, the onset of which may arise in an acute or chronic manner. Spinal surgeons, anesthetists, neuro-intensivists, neurologists, physiotherapists, rehabilitation medicine doctors, radiologists, neurophysiologists, and carers are all involved in the management of these patients. The chapters in this book combine a useful summary of this topic for non-expert readers with an in-depth study of medical and non-medical experts in the field.

This book describes advances in the development of smart and new ceramic materials for different applications. It also describes recent and expected challenges, along with their potential solutions, in advanced methods for the fabrication and characterization of nano-ceramics and their composites. This book provides readers with a comprehensive and updated review of the latest research in the field.

This book presents the latest developments and research in sediment transport. It includes five chapters that address sediment transport estimation, experimental investigation of the physical properties of porous media, and numerical approaches to sediment transport modelling.

Tumor angiogenesis is critical for tumor growth and progression. It is a multistep and complicated process, and the mechanism underlying tumor angiogenesis is not fully elucidated. Recent advances in tumor angiogenesis research have led to improved diagnosis, drug treatment, and clinical management of cancer. However, novel strategies for cancer treatment are urgently needed, especially biomarker discovery for diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy. This book presents the most recent advances in tumor angiogenesis.

Ectopic pregnancy is an implantation occurring elsewhere than in the cavity of the uterus. It is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality during the first trimester. While the incidence of extrauterine pregnancy has increased in recent years, the rapid development of multi-omics has also provided an effective method of prenatal diagnosis. This book focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy, fetal malformation, and the different screening methods for prenatal diagnosis.

Enhanced Oil Recovery - Selected Topics includes nine chapters in five sections. Chapters address enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes, such as miscible flooding, surfactants flooding, polymers flooding, and microbial flooding. They also present fundamental and technical details along with case studies. This book provides ample and useful knowledge for the design of laboratory-scale and field-scale EOR processes. It is a useful resource for practitioners working in oil field production applications and graduate students pursuing advanced degrees in petroleum engineering.

Abiotic stresses negatively affect crop production and thus threaten global food security. To confront this challenge, it is important to understand the physiological processes and functional cues of seeds, particularly in the field of seed development (seed filling), and its influence on seed dormancy and germination. This book presents a comprehensive overview of seed physiology and the effects of stressors such as salinity, drought, and high temperature. It also discusses the genetic mechanisms and biochemical and physiological cues that govern seed filling, seed development features under stress environments, seed dormancy and germination, and agronomic management to help crops develop resilience to climate change.

Corals have thrived on the bottom of the ocean for millions of years. These fascinating animals are currently forced to cope with the rapid changes caused by humans to avoid extinction. How are corals changing their way of processing energy from different sources? What do we know about the corals living in the unseen depths of certain seamounts? What is the impact of oil spills and what can we do? How are coral reefs all over the world to be restored? What is the socioeconomic importance of these habitats, and what do we gain or lose with their survival or their demise? By involving scientists and conservationists from different areas of the world, this book answers these and other questions about corals, the habitat they form, and the influence that we have on them.

Globally, there is a shortage of family planning services. This shortage is associated with unacceptably high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality that are mostly preventable. The current situation does not comply with the United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed in September 2000. Family planning needs to be widely available and easily accessible. In addition, it is vital that research intensifies to further cover the safety, effectiveness, affordability, and acceptability of family planning methods and accessibility to family planning services. This book is designed as an additional contribution to the family planning spectrum. It covers some aspects of family planning and deals with a number of issues that pertain to reproductive health.

The growth and development of infants during the first two years of life are greatly influenced by nutrition. Meeting basic nutritional requirements is vital for proper and optimal growth and development, both physically and mentally. Many factors have influenced the rate of breastfeeding and the proper timing of complementary feed introduction. Some of these factors include poverty, world wars, the influx of women into the workforce, and the development of commercial infant formula. This book presents a comprehensive overview of infant and young child feeding. Chapters address breastfeeding programs, infant feeding in developing countries, breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the safety and physiological effects of the formula.

This book discusses the various therapeutic agents and pathologies that can have a negative impact on liver function. The profound changes such agents may exert on the liver, an essential organ, can severely alter a patient's metabolism, negatively impacting the course of a disease and thus significantly shortening life expectancy and negatively affecting outcomes. This book provides a comprehensive overview of these selected issues with chapters on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment options in the context of hepatotoxicity.

Organoids are three-dimensional miniature tissue mimics established from embryonic stem cells, human pluripotent stem cells, adult stem cells, and cancer cells. These fascinating 3D organoids serve as a valuable tool for fundamental research, disease modeling, drug screening and discovery, regenerative medicine, and deciphering the mechanism of disease pathogenesis. This book emphasizes the emerging data and critical resources covering the fundamentals of organoids and their use in modeling and application in various diseases, especially cancer. The chapters deal with organoid bioengineering in cerebral organoids, retinal organoids, tumoroids, and organoid commercialization. This book is intended for a broad readership and is an indispensable resource for basic biologists, translational scientists, and clinicians.

Geochemistry is crucial in understanding and controlling environmental concerns. The effects of global warming are also being monitored through geochemical measurements in the atmosphere and oceans. Increasingly sensitive instrumentation enables continuous monitoring of pollution levels in the air, water, and on land, allowing high-quality data to support and enforce environmental regulations governing emissions. As a result, geochemistry has become an essential part of scientific and political discussion on many environmental challenges. Improving our knowledge of life on Earth may be the most essential job done by geochemists. This book includes a variety of data relevant to geochemistry and highlights research related to mineral wealth and mining and the development of strategies and scientific standards to significantly increase oil exploitation in the long term. It also provides information on the effects of geochemical components on humans and the environment, as well as environmental and geochemical exploration surveys through sediments.

This book focuses on logistics engineering in various manufacturing and service industries. It provides important original and theoretical experimental results obtained from non-routine technologies. Chapters discuss novel applications of more familiar experimental techniques and analyses of problems in logistics, supply chain, and inventory control. This book also highlights the use of blockchain technology in supply chain management, the safety of food in the supply chain, the environment of maritime transport, sustainable logistics, the autonomous warehouse, and fluid inventory control.

This book discusses physical examination, imaging, differential diagnoses, and treatment of hip pathologies. For each diagnosis, the book sets out the typical presentation, options for operative management, and expected outcomes. Practical and user-friendly, Hip Replacement is the ideal, on-the-spot resource for medical students and practitioners seeking fast facts on diagnosis and management. Its format makes it a perfect quick reference guide and its content addresses the most commonly encountered orthopedic problems in practice.

Today, more sophisticated techniques are necessary for spectral analysis, reconstruction, restoration of signals, their digital and analogic processing, specialized signal diagnostics, and short intervals with occurrences that require greater speed and precision. As the frequency domain of the wavelet transform gets more detailed and considerably more specific in various applications, it necessitates specialized scholarly attention in its many forms and relationships with other transforms with special functions. For example, using the wavelet transform with special functions can prove valuable in creating and designing special signal filters or the interphase between reception-emission devices with specialized sensors for medical use. In quantum phenomena, its corresponding version of the wavelet transform is instrumental in the spectral study of particles and their correlation. Therefore, using specialists' and experts' views, this book delves into an exposition on spectral analysis, restoring, monitoring, and signal processing, as well as essential applications required in waveguides and for the improvement of medical images, proving the wavelet transform to be helpful in resolution analysis in time-frequency, with an emphasis on different methods of the calculus using FFT and DSTFT. This book has been divided into four sections covering all the abovementioned subjects.

Along with focusing on advances that bring forward STEM education, this book presents research on a variety of issues related to the STEM approach. Chapters discuss strategies in STEM teaching and learning as well as strategies that help students cope with the challenges of hard mathematical work. They also address problems of resource purchasing and factors that impact girls' decisions to pursue STEM careers. Through these and other topics, this book seeks to facilitate a deeper understanding of STEM education and its challenges in the contemporary world.

In the modern era of digitization, cryptographic techniques are becoming increasingly important. This book provides a comprehensive overview of lightweight cryptographic techniques for software-defined networks in the Internet of Things (IoT), cryptosystems, and the Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT). It includes seven chapters that address such topics as image and video encryption, cybersecurity threat management, distinguishing encrypted from non-encrypted data, and more.

Rotating machines are some of the most widely used machines and their application in the field of new and renewable energy is an important development. This book presents recent research and discusses the technological development of rotating machines, including different types of wind, pump, and gas turbines. It also examines environmental impacts on rotating machines, particularly the effects of icing on the surface of wind turbine blades. It includes research on static and dynamic structural analysis, rotor aerodynamics characteristics, signal analysis, energy conversion, and exergy. It also presents the latest research on theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experiment technology for improving the performance and optimizing the structure of rotating machines.

This book aims to foster collaboration between world-class bench scientists and clinicians in the fields of oncology, surgery, and pathology as they come together to highlight the complexity and diversity of soft tissue tumors as well as recent advances in their diagnosis and clinical management.

Trends and Opportunities of Rapid Prototyping Technologies provides a comprehensive overview of rapid prototyping, also known as 3D printing. It discusses challenges in this domain, such as lack of standardization and certification, as well as the requirements coming from the industrial sector. The book examines existing 3D printing methods and materials as well as their applications, customizations, and process parameters.

Current Challenges in Childbirth provides a comprehensive overview of childbirth. Chapters address such topics as induction of labor, labor progression, intrapartum care, uterotonics, care of the newborn, and more.

This book discusses the latest advances in cotton genetics and the biochemistry, physiology, bioinformatics, and genomics of the cotton plant. Chapters cover genomics and transcriptomics approaches to characterization and tagging of essential genes, novel transgenic tools to accelerate breeding against climate issues, abiotic and biotic stress pressures, biological control and machinery tools for cotton plant protection, cotton seed meal production, and sustainable and effective farming in the era of climate change and technological advance.

Pollution of the air by pollutants such as dust, smoke, gas, and water vapor causes serious health problems for people. Air pollution is considered one of the most important human health risks today. It can cause short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) diseases in the respiratory tract, heart, eyes, skin, and reproductive and nervous systems. This book highlights the importance of clean air for public health, draws attention to the sources and health effects of air pollution, and proposes some solutions and interventions to prevent air pollution.

Increasing population and the expected decrease in crop production due to climate changes and land damage in near future may be rescued by changing from animal meat to plant protein, especially soybean protein. Recently, meat substitutes produced from soybean have become popular This book discusses recent advances in research and applications of soybean. Soybean seeds contain an extraordinarily high concentration of protein and oil, and the demand for soybean is increasing due to their nutritional value for both humans and livestock. Also, soybean has been used as biofuel in the replacement of petroleum oil. This book gives a comprehensive overview of soybean in five sections: "Role of Soybean for Food Security", "Physiology and Biochemistry of Soybean Plants", "Cultivation and Productivity of Soybean", "Breeding and Biotechnology of Soybean", and "Food and Biodiesel Industry".