Bøger udgivet af BAR Publishing

This book includes papers from a congress that took place at the University of Leuven from the 19th to 21st September, 2005.

St Vincent's (Lesser Antilles, Caribbean) archaeological record is rich in images depicted by a variety of fired clay artefacts. Prominent among them are small modelled and incised zoomorphic heads known as "adornos" that decorated the rims, handles and exteriors of pottery vessels made by the first agriculturalists on the island (the Saladoid culture from the Venezuela area by 250 BC). This work sets out to contribute a systematic study of both a formal and descriptive classification, as well as an iconographic analysis of the basic images represented.

A detailed study of contexts and ceramic finds from mediaeval Seville, including a catalogue of over 250 entries of ceramic finds.

The objective of this work is the study of prehistoric agriculture during the Neolithic and the Bronze Age in a small region of Andalucía. Ethnographic models to archaeobotanical samples were applied. This was possible because small pockets of land where glume-wheat cultivation continues to date can be studied. Therefore a detailed analysis of glume-wheat husbandry and processing sequences was carried out. The result is an extension of the range of current ethnographic models used in archaeobotany for interpreting remains of crops and their weeds in terms of ancient husbandry practices.

This volume is a highly original compilation of 12 papers that seeks to relate archaeology to the outside world, in an inclusive, rather than exclusive sense. It asks certain questions, for instance: how is archaeology perceived outside of itself as a discipline? How does archaeology mould daily life, for others and ourselves? But perhaps what finally emerges from this collection of papers is the way they address the imagination, especially the poetic imagination. The contributions include part of a new work by major poet, Jon Stallworthy, who explains the background to the poem Skyhorse; Christine Finn writes of Jacquetta Hawkes and her life outside archaeology; Sarah Shaw explores time travel in two stories of reanimation by Mary Shelley.

En France, les périodes moderne et contemporaine sont en marge des problématiques bioarchéologiques et les référentiels ostéologiques restent peu nombreux. Dans la région PACA, les fouilles récentes de deux vastes ensembles funéraires à La Ciotat (1581-1831) et à Marseille (1784-1905), offrent l'opportunité d'analyser l'état sanitaire de la population provençale à une époque charnière, au seuil des sociétés industrialisées actuelles. Par une approche comparative et paléoépidémiologique portée sur un large corpus, cette étude cherche à renseigner les effets des mutations socio-économiques sur l'état sanitaire, entre la fin du XVIe et le début du XXe siècle. L'examen des pathologies dentaires, des marqueurs de stress et maladies métaboliques insistent sur la continuité de ses caractéristiques biologiques entre Ancien Régime et révolution industrielle. Les différences perçues sont bien plus subtiles que présupposées et certainement liées aux changements alimentaires qui accompagnent la révolution industrielle et un environnement sanitaire et infectieux délétère, imputable à la croissance démographique et l'urbanisation galopante du XIXe siècle.This study explores the post-medieval health status of French populations. By analysing the dental pathologies, stress markers and metabolic diseases, the author challenges previous notions of changes in health during the Industrial Revolution.

Il volume analizza l'origine, l'evoluzione e la fine dei castelli medievali nell'area dei Monti Lucretili, distretto territoriale collocato a Nord-Est di Roma, ponendosi al centro del dibattito sul fenomeno dell'incastellamento in Italia. I villaggi fortificati, ubicati ad alta quota e fondati a partire dal X-XI secolo nel Lazio, hanno fortemente modificato il paesaggio rurale intorno a Roma durante il medioevo. Questa ricerca tratta nel dettaglio tutti i castelli abbandonati dell'area campione, illustrando per ciascuno elementi strutturali, ipotesi ricostruttive e cronologie attraverso l'utilizzo di comprovati metodi. L'obiettivo scientifico dello studio è capire quali dinamiche insediative hanno originato la nascita e lo sviluppo del fenomeno dei castelli nei Monti Lucretili: come la popolazione delle campagne si sia adattata al nuovo sistema insediativo modificando le proprie abitudini e le cause che hanno determinato poi, negli ultimi secoli del medioevo, l'abbandono selettivo della maggior parte dei siti incastellati, segnando così la fine dell'incastellamento come modello di popolamento nel contesto rurale. This research focuses on the development of medieval castles in the area of the Monti Lucretili, a sub-region located to the North-East of Rome. The volume includes chapter abstracts in English.

Nell'inverno del 2012, nel corso delle consuete attività di controllo archeologico, emergevano presso Calenzano (Firenze) le prime tracce di quella che si rivelerà essere una complessa struttura di età romana, oggetto di un'intensa campagna di indagine. Attraverso la ricostruzione del tracciato della via Cassia tra Firenze e Pistoia e della via publica transappenninica verso Bologna che vi confluiva proprio nel territorio di Calenzano, e tramite l'analisi delle diverse fasi di vita della struttura indagata e dei suoi reperti, prende corpo l'ipotesi di riconoscere in questa un luogo di sosta con una precisa identità storica, identificandola con la stazione ad Solaria che ricorre nelle fonti itinerarie a partire dalla Tabula Peutingeriana. Il volume presenta i risultati di questo scavo, diretto sul campo dall'autrice, inserendoli in una riconsiderazione del tema della riconoscibilità dei luoghi di sosta sul terreno, argomento sul quale la comunità scientifica internazionale ha di recente puntato l'attenzione.This study identifies the road station ad Solaria, which recurs in several ancient sources, starting with the Tabula Peutingeriana. It interprets the data coming from this site, which was an emergency excavation managed by the author, allowing a reconsideration of several aspects of the archaeological recognizability of Roman road stations. The volume also includes extended chapter abstracts in English.

How important is the study of the domestic architecture of a society in order to reveal the everyday life of its inhabitants? How significant is the space within which people live and interact in order to understand the structure and function of a family? How much does the space influence the relationships developed among the people living under the same roof? Is there a characteristic house plan to cover the everyday basic needs of an ancient Egyptian? These are amongst the questions addressed in this study. In the area of Egyptology, early studies concerning settlement archaeology were focused on town planning, architectural design, or literary sources. There have even been studies that completely denied the existence of cities in ancient Egypt. It is only during the last decades that the anthropological approach has been added to Egyptology to define social relationships. The aspects of urbanisation and domestic architecture have seemed to be recognised by Egyptologists as issues that are both of major importance and worthy of enquiry for archaeological investigation. However, there has been no recent complete comparative study giving a room-to-room analysis of the domestic architecture. Moreover, most of the studies consider houses as ground plans, trying to identify the origins of architectural characteristics, or the social differentiation between the inhabitants of the different house types. In this study, the author looks at the function and use of a domestic unit and the everyday life of its occupants.

This study addresses the issue of recent hunter-gatherer subsistence and adoption of herding through excavation and analysis of archaeological material from Shulumai Rockshelter, inhabited until 50 years ago by Mukogodo hunter-gatherers of Laikipia District in north-central Kenya. New information on hunter-gatherer subsistence and the relations of Mukogodo hunter-gatherers to food producers helps current efforts in documenting processes involved in adoption of food production by hunter-gatherers in secondary settings. Thus this book makes both methodological and theoretical contributions to African archaeology regarding the interpretation of late Holocene archaeological sites associated with late hunter-gatherer and early producing economies in East Africa.

This study focuses on the evolution of dry-stone techniques applied to the construction of enclosures in Corsica and Tuscany. Starting from the 5th millennium, the presence of enclosures has been observed in the Western Mediterranean basin. Used to enclose an area with various functions between the Middle Neolithic and the Iron Age, the enclosure can be a ditch, a bank or a dry-stone wall, as in Corsica. With the aim of applying the methodology of study of the Corsican enclosures to those of Tuscany, thegeographical framework of this study was extended to include all Tuscany.

Ancient seafaring and especially our fascination with the trireme have fuelled many vooks and debates, many of which are revisited and critiqued here.

Study of the pottery found at Metaponto during the 1974 - 1995 excavations. With contributions from Silvia Bruni and Vittoria Guglielmi. In Italian.

This volumes applies the theory and methods developed in the study of mortuary remains by Americanist archaeologists to the earliest farming societies of continental Europe-those of modern-day mainland Greece. Historically, such research has predominantly focused on seeking out the social dimensions of life that influenced mortuary behaviour. The author explores the origins of social ranking during the Neolithic and goes on to consider how death is wrapped up in so much more than the social standing of the deceased, and seeing how archaeologists may be able to detect the many dimensions of life influencing the disposal of the dead.

Antítesis de la tesis actual

Before its inundation in 1965, the island of Meinarti was situated at the foot of the Second Nile Cataract, 10km south of the town of Wadi Halfa. It was the last place that could be reached, at all times of the year, by large watercraft travelling upriver, a circumstance clearly important in shaping the history of the settlement. The total excavation work covered 18 occupation levels, varying in date from the 2nd or 3rd centuries to the 17th century AD. This volume processes in detail the Late Meroitic and Ballaña phases (c. 200-660 AD), and is the first in five volume series.

The authors endeavoured to interpret the evolution and development of thought about the Palaeolithic of Iberian Peninsula. A line of argument and a broad, generalized chronology are given. For each period examined a brief review of socio-political context is given, and the specialist literature is analyzed. The discussion shows how archaeologists generated knowledge, how they selected from it and how they transmitted it.

Report on rescue excavations that took place in 1994 on a construction site of a golf course, at Friars Oak, on the northern edge of Hassocks in West Sussex. The area was divided into three parts: a Sunken Feature Building, pits a ditch and a possible post hole building (site A); waterlogged features, wooden trackway and a Roman road (site B); a single post hole structure (site C).

Halfway along the mountainous route between the Ierapetra isthmus and Siteia, on the northern limits of the western mountain range of the Siteia province (eastern Crete), is the small village of Tourloti. Approximately 2.5 kilometres north of the village, on the hillside that drops down to the beach at Mochlos, on the site of Plakalona, is a LMIII chamber tomb cemetery. Richard B. Seager was the first to identify and excavate the site in 1900. He collected the LMIII stirrup-jar now in the museum of the University of Pennsylvania. In 1906, Stefanos Xanthoudidis reported that 'Mycenaean' copper alloy weapons and tools had been found at Metochia, Tourloti. The first brief archaeological report for investigations in the area was published in 1938 by Manolis Mavroreidis of Siteia, temporary curator of antiquities and schoolteacher, who excavated a rich grave at Plakalona, unpublished to this day. In 1959, Nikolaos Platon identified a further group of rock-hewn chamber tombs, which he never excavated, despite his original intentions. The chance discovery of seven vases from one or more tombs at the end of the 1950s or the beginning of the 1960s once again disturbed the peaceful cemetery. The vases were presented to the Archaeological Service of Siteia, as wellas a LMIIIC tub larnax from the same cemetery. In June 1984, after the Town of Tourloti notified the Archaeological Service of antiquities found during construction work and a (looted) chamber tomb was explored at Plakalona, as well as a second, richly appointed chamber tomb. A third looted LMIII chamber tomb was identified in 1990 and recently (2006) another wealthy chamber tomb. This work presents the finds of the chamber tombs excavated and the vases handed over previously. The latter group includes Octopus Close Style stirrup-jar presented in the volume's second chapter together with a discussion of its attribution to a particular workshop and a distinct vase painter conventionally dubbed the 'Xanthoudidis Master'. In the absence of petrographic or other analysis, the hypothesis on the vase's provenance is based on morphological and stylistic criteria and on the fabric's macroscopic examination. A study of the human bones from the Papadakis excavation by Dr P.J. P. McGeorge completes this volume.

Registro arqueológico e interpretación cultural (Cantabria, España)

This volume offers a broad and up-to-date discussion of the Spondylus "phenomenon" in prehistory, in diverse archaeological contexts from Europe and two areas of the New World. It brings together new archaeological data, methodological advances, and current interpretations for the study of this important material. Further understanding comes from consideration of other shell technologies, ancient and traditional. The core of the book consists of papers that were first presented in a special session on "Spondylus in European Prehistory: New Data and Approaches - A Session on the Archaeology of Shell Technologies", organized by the editors for the 13th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists, Zadar, Croatia, 18-23 September 2007.

This study, written from the perspective of an engineer, applies functional analysis to the designs and material remains of Roman vertical wheeled water mills to guage their efficiency. It also aims to use these techniques to chart the evolution of Roman water mills.

The aim of this volume is to present papers applying recent insights from the organization of technology to the interpretation of stone artefact assemblages from a range of archaeological contexts. Specific attention is paid to the techniques by which people acquired and maintained cutting edge technology, and the situational variables which encouraged them to employ those techniques.

A landscape perspective

This study uses sociological theories of personal memory to show how Anglo-Saxon burial practices enabled the grieving process, and ensured the remembrance of the dead.

Prehistoric (Neolithic/Mesolithic) occupation of the Northern Alps (South East France) is known through the discovery of sites that reveal lithic and bone remains, and the study of such finds can give an accurate understanding of prehistoric seasonal exploitation and movements within a massif and alpine environment. In French Prealpes sites, the material most encountered is flint. The Geological surveys presented in this volume allow the author to map out regional flint resources and to regroup several hundreds of reference samples. Conventionally, the flints were submitted to macroscopic and petrographic analyses, however such methods do not always provide discrimination and some sources remain hard to identify in a complex lithic environment. In an attempt to solve this problem, the author brings a new insight to flint characterization through geochemistry. Flints from 30 sources (138 samples), and from two archaeological sites (27 artefacts), were investigated using ICP-AES and ICP-MS, and the resultslead to flint classification across the different geological stages. Analyses of another material widely used throughout Prehistory, obsidian, highlighted the specificity of a flint geochemical fingerprint. The petrographic approach used during this study resulted in the author's being able to define the procurement pattern and to source certain flint artefacts from eight archaeological sites by comparison with available geological samples. The archaeological material studied through geochemistry (and non-destructive approaches) revealed different attitudes toward flint procurement related to site function, geographic location, and period considered. The main contact areas and circulation patterns were also highlighted.

Lettura e studio delle cavità artificiali.

The book investigates the effects on huter-gatherers of a hypothesised frontier with agriculturalists in the Caledon Valley. The frontier hypothesis was based on previous Iron Age research, whereas tha presence of hunter-gatherers was noted from historical sources. The study examines the social aspect of mixing huter-gatherers and agriculturalists, by focusing on the mechanisms involved in long-standng co-operative relationships. Exchange relationships and clientship are explored.

These nine papers are taken from a session at the EAA conference held in Esslington in 2001 which dealt with themes of interest to both the Egyptological community and to European archaeologists alike.