Bøger udgivet af American Society of Agronomy

An authoritative exploration of soil health management and land-use strategies in the Iberian Peninsula In Soil Health and Sustainability in Spain and Portugal: Case Studies and General Perspective, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an authoritative overview and soil health assessment of the Iberian Peninsula focusing on agrosystems and forests. The book explores the potential effects of different management and land-use strategies. The Iberian Peninsula, a famously diverse area of land--in terms of climate, landscape, and soil--faces unique and varied limitations on agricultural production and soil conservation. This book addresses these limitations and provides a vision of how newly developed and traditional soil management techniques can induce changes in soil health. Readers will also find: Thorough comparisons of different approaches to soil health assessment in the Iberian Peninsula Comprehensive explorations of soil health evaluation in arid conditions and irrigated soils Practical discussions of the resilience of agrosystems developed to address climate change Complete treatments of forest and croplands soil health in Portugal Perfect for soil and agricultural scientists, Soil Health and Sustainability in Spain and Portugal will also benefit anyone with an interest in sustainability issues in the Iberian Peninsula.

Biology and its related sciences generate prodigious quantities of data through experimentation and observation. Interpreting this data and using it to generate statistically defensible inferences has become one of the most significant components of modern biological research. There are, however, very few up-to-date resources by which graduate students and researchers in biology can familiarize themselves with the key methodologies of applied statistics as they specifically connect to the applied life sciences. Guide to Biology Statistics remedies this oversight with a thorough, accessible overview to statistics and its biological applications. Beginning with the history and fundamentals of statistics, it covers all major statistical modes of analysis that biologists might find useful, with an eye towards a robust quantitative education for biologists. Fully up to date and addressing all conventional approaches to statistical analysis, it's a must-own for biology students and researchers alike. Guide to Biology Statistics readers will also find: Treatment rooted in years of graduate teaching in statistics and biology Detailed discussion of topics including regression, response surface methodology, multivariate techniques, and many more A valuable complement to existing resources on applied statistics Guide to Biology Statistics is ideal for graduate students in agriculture, biology, natural resources, and related fields, as well as for instructors and researchers in these and related subjects.

A far-reaching survey showcasing the improvements made to soil health in Brazil The maintenance of healthy soil resources provides the foundations for an array of global efforts and initiatives that affect humanity. Researchers, consultants, and farmers must be able to correctly examine and understand the complex nature of this essential, fragile resource. Soil Health and Sustainable Agriculture in Brazil provides a highly readable overview of the major cropping systems and management practices adopted in Brazil to improve soil health and sustain agricultural/forest production systems. Key Features Evolution of soil health concepts applied to modern agricultural systems in Brazil. Overview of the major cropping systems and management practices adopted in Brazil to improve soil health (SH) and sustainability of agricultural production. Challenges to manage soil health in new agricultural frontiers. Presentation of SoilBio Technology: inclusion of soil enzymes as part of routine soil analyses (SoilBio Technology) and calculation of Soil Quality Indexes (SQI) Public policies and initiatives to promote SH and carbon sequestration in Brazil. Soil Health and Sustainable Agriculture in Brazil is ideal for soil scientists, agronomists, and any other researchers in both academia and industry interested in building a sustainable future.

Cover Crops and Soil Ecosystem ServicesA comprehensive resource on cover crops and their role in soil ecosystemsCover crops are a reemerging strategy to improve and maintain the services that soils provide. They can have an enormous affect on agricultural outcomes, preventing soil erosion, restoring vital soil nutrients, sequestering C from the atmosphere, and more. The successful management and use of cover crops is therefore critical to ensure soil ecosystem services are maintained or improved not only to meet our demands for food, fuel, fiber, and feed but also to reduce pollution and improve the soil.Cover Crops and Soil Ecosystem Services provides a heavily researched and highly readable introduction to cover crops and their role in soil ecosystems. It ranges from a detailed discussion of cover crop biomass production to a thorough treatment of soil ecosystems and their vulnerabilities. The result is an essential guide to a critical area of agricultural science.Cover Crops and Soil Ecosystem Services readers will also find:* Detailed treatment of cover crop biomass production, soil erosion, greenhouse gas fluxes, nitrate leaching, soil C sequestration, and more* Discussion of emerging issues, including extreme weather events and the economics of cover crop farming* Wide-ranging summaries of interdisciplinary soil and cover crop researchCover Crops and Soil Ecosystem Services is a useful reference for students and researchers at all levels of study relating to cover crop agriculture.

"Because of its dynamic nature, labile organic matter is a key player in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Editors Zhongqi He and Fengchang Wu include contributions from more than 30 senior researchers and innovative junior investigators from six countries. With issue-oriented comprehensive reviews and problem-solving case studies, this collection brings together soil and aquatic scientists to provide a comprehensive understanding for managing the sources and fates of labile organic matter. A timely synthesis of recent research, this collection illustrates the remarkable range of advanced techniques and approaches for labile organic matter research. This book will serve as a valuable reference for university faculty, graduate students, soil scientists, ecologists, limnologists, marine scientists, environmental scientists, agricultural engineers, and any who work with various aspects of labile organic matter in the environment."

Wetlands occur at the interface of upland and aquatic ecosystems, making them unique environments that are vital to ecosystem health. But wetlands are also challenging to assess and understand. Wetland researchers have developed specialized analytical methods and sampling techniques that are now assembled for the first time in one volume. More than 100 experts provide key methods for sampling, quantifying, and characterizing wetlands, including wetland soils, plant communities and processes, nutrients, greenhouse gas fluxes, redox-active elements, toxins, transport processes, wetland water budgets, and mor

Accompanied by: CD-Rom inserted into pocket of book.

Enhancing Agricultural Research and Precision Management for Subsistence FarmingInsightful applications of crop system models to developing countries to explore climate change mitigation and management decision toolsEnhancing Agricultural Research and Precision Management for Subsistence Farming by Integrating System Models with Experiments delivers an authoritative collection of applications of crop system models to Asian and African environments and evaluates current agricultural systems in developing nations. The book provides models to assist in the precision management of soil, water, fertilizers and manures, soil organic matter, alternative crops, and cultivars in both rainfed and irrigated systems.Contributions cover recent and ongoing research in knowledge gap areas such as modeling the long-term effect of management soil health, the effect of extreme temperatures and drought on evapotranspiration and crop growth, root growth and the uptake of water and nutrients. The book also includes* An introduction to system models integrated with experiments as tools to develop improved management practices for subsistence farming* Explorations of models of soil erosion impacts and trade-offs for sustainable land management practices in Kenya* Discussions of the crop simulation model as a tool to quantify the effects of crop management practices in northern Ethiopia* In-depth examinations of models of water dynamics for assessing and managing ecosystem services in IndiaPerfect for field research scientists and graduate students studying cropping and range systems, and essential reading for agricultural consultants, progressive farmers, plant breeders, and policymakers.Advances in Agricultural Systems ModelingTransdisciplinary Research, Synthesis, and ApplicationsLajpat R. Ahuja, Series EditorAgricultural system modeling has made substantial progress, but there are still many critical gaps in our knowledge. The American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America are taking a leadership role with the initiation of this new series. Future breakthroughs in science and technology lie at the boundaries of disciplines. The new series will* Advance critical transdisciplinary research, and its synthesis and quantification* Encourage collaboration among top researchers in building and improving models* Promote the application of system models to solve practical problems* Achieve better instruction in these models and their applications

Modeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping SystemsA complete discussion of soil-plant-climate-management processesIn Modeling Processes and Their Interactions in Cropping Systems: Challenges for the 21st Century, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive and up-to-date scientific textbook devoted to teaching the modeling of soil-plant-climate-management processes at the upper undergraduate and graduate levels. The book emphasizes the new opportunities and paradigms available to modern lab and field researchers and aims to improve their understanding and quantification of individual processes and their interactions.The book helps readers quantify field research results in terms of the fundamental theory and concepts broadly generalizable beyond specific sites, as well as predict experimental results from knowledge of the fundamental factors that determine the environment and plant growth in different climates. Readers will also discover:* An introduction to water and chemical transport in the soil matrix and macropores* Explorations of heat transport, water balance, snowpack, and soil freezing* Discussions of merging machine learning with APSIM models to improve the evaluation of the impact of climate extremes on wheat yields in Australia* Examinations of the quantification and modeling of management effects on soil properties, including discussions of tillage, reconsolidation, crop residues, and crop managementThe book will be essential reading for anyone interested in the 2030 breakthroughs in agriculture identified by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

North American AgroforestryExplore the many benefits of alternative land-use systems with this incisive resourceHumanity has become a victim of its own success. While we've managed to meet the needs--to one extent or another--of a large portion of the human population, we've often done so by ignoring the health of the natural environment we rely on to sustain our planet. And by deteriorating the quality of our air, water, and land, we've put into motion consequences we'll be dealing with for generations.In the newly revised Third Edition of North American Agroforestry, an expert team of researchers delivers an authoritative and insightful exploration of an alternative land-use system that exploits the positive interactions between trees and crops when they are grown together and bridges the gap between production agriculture and natural resource management.This latest edition includes new material on urban food forests, as well as the air and soil quality benefits of agroforestry, agroforestry's relevance in the Mexican context, and agroforestry training and education. The book also offers:* A thorough introduction to the development of agroforestry as an integrated land use management strategy* Comprehensive explorations of agroforestry nomenclature, concepts, and practices, as well as an agroecological foundation for temperate agroforestry* Practical discussions of tree-crop interactions in temperate agroforestry, including in systems such as windbreak practices, silvopasture practices, and alley cropping practices* In-depth examinations of vegetative environmental buffers for air and water quality benefits, agroforestry for wildlife habitat, agroforestry at the landscape level, and the impact of agroforestry on soil healthPerfect for environmental scientists, natural resource professionals and ecologists, North American Agroforestry will also earn a place in the libraries of students and scholars of agricultural sciences interested in the potential benefits of agroforestry.

Volume 1 briefly reviews selected "Approaches to Soil Health Analysis" including a brief history of the concept, challenges and opportunities, meta-data and assessment, applications to forestry and urban land reclamation, and future soil health monitoring and evaluation approaches.Volume 2 focuses on "Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Analysis" including an overview and suggested analytical approaches intended to provide meaningful, comparable data so that soil health can be used to guide restoration and protection of our global soil resources.

Approaches to Soil Health AnalysisA concise survey of soil health analysis and its various techniques and applicationsThe maintenance of healthy soil resources provides the foundation for an array of global efforts and initiatives that affect humanity. Whether they are working to combat food shortages, conserve our ecosystems, or mitigate the impact of climate change, researchers and agriculturalists the world over must be able to correctly examine and understand the complex nature of this essential, fragile resource. These new volumes have been designed to meet this need, addressing the many dimensions of soil health analysis in chapters that are concise, accessible and applicable to the tasks at hand.Soil Health, Volume One: Approaches to Soil Health Analysis provides a well-rounded overview of the various methods and strategies available to analysists, and covers topics including:* The history of soil health and its study* Challenges and opportunities facing analysists* Meta-data and its assessment* Applications to forestry and urban land reclamation* Future soil health monitoring and evaluation approachesOffering a far-reaching survey of this increasingly interdisciplinary field, this volume will be of great interest to all those working in agriculture, private sector businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), academic-, state-, and federal-research projects, as well as state and federal soil conservation, water quality and other environmental programs.

Analyzing, comparing, and understanding soil health data The maintenance of healthy soil resources is instrumental to the success of an array of global efforts and initiatives. Whether they are working to combat food shortages, conserve our ecosystems, or mitigate the impact of climate change, researchers and agriculturalists the world over must be able to correctly examine and understand the complex nature of this essential resource. These new volumes have been designed to meet this need, addressing the many dimensions of soil health analysis in chapters that are concise, accessible and applicable to the tasks at hand. Soil Health, Volume Two: Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Analysis provides explanations of the best practices by which one may arrive at valuable, comparable data and incisive conclusions, and covers topics including: Sampling considerations and field evaluationsAssessment and interpretation of soil-test biological activity Macro- and micronutrients in soil quality and health PLFA and EL-FAME indicators Offering a practical guide to collecting and understanding soil health data, this volume will be of great interest to all those working in agriculture, private sector businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), academic-, state-, and federal-research projects, as well as state and federal soil conservation, water quality and other environmental programs.

A scientific and historical study of crops and their age-old relationship with human civilizationThe cultivation and harvesting of crops have been at the heart of human culture and development for thousands of years. As we have grown from hunter-gatherers into agrarian societies and industrial economies, our ongoing relationship with the plants that feed us and support our manufacturing has also evolved. So too, of course, have those plants themselves, with the combined forces of shifting climates, selective plant breeding, and genetic modification all working to alter their existence in profound and fascinating ways.Coming some 30 years after its previous incarnation, the third edition of Harlan's Crops and Man marks an exciting re-examination of this rich topic. Its chapters lay out the foundations of crop diversity as we know it, covering topics that range from taxonomy and domestication to the origins of agricultural practices and their possible futures. Highlights include:* Archeological and anthropological studies of agriculture's history and development* Detailed examinations of the histories and classifications of both crops and weeds* Explanations of taxonomic systems, gene pools, and plant evolution* Studies of specific crops by geographical regionUpdated to include the latest data and research available, this new edition of Harlan's Crops and Man offers an illuminating exploration of agricultural history to all those engaged with plant science and the cultivation of crops.

A revised guide to the study and of soil and regolith thin sectionsA specialized system of terms and concepts must be used to accurately and effectively distinguish and name the microscopic features of soils and regoliths. With a comprehensive, consistent terminology at their disposal, researchers may compare, store and discuss new data easily and with less risk of error. The second edition of Guidelines for Analysis and Description of Soil and Regolith Thin Sections has been assembled to address this need, offering a practical system of analysis and description to those working with soil and regolith materials.This essential resource includes:* An introduction to micromorphology and its practice* Guidelines for the study of thin sections* Sections covering the various microscopic features of soils and regoliths* Illustrative graphics and colour micrographs* Suggested description schemes and data presentation tipsBy providing an economical, navigable system for the study and documentation of soils and regoliths, Guidelines for Analysis and Description of Soil and Regolith Thin Sections, second edition, offers invaluable guidance for soil scientists, geologists, ecologists, archaeologists and all those concerned with micromorphology.

One_of_the_primary_references_on_analytical_methods_in_soil_science,_Part_2_of_the_Methods_series_will_be_useful_to_all_biogeoscientists,_especially_those_with_an_interest_in_microbiology_or_bioremediation

Hemp as a Modern U.S. Commodity Crop provides an overview of industrial hemp as an agronomic crop in western cropping systems. Emphasis is given to the long history of hemp, mostly in the United States, and to current production issues pertinent in the US as well as Europe and Canada. There are many questions still to be answered - starting with those to be addressed by the most basic classical plant breeding techniques and continuing to the most modern analytical techniques of plant tissues and genetics.

Discover how to plan, conduct, and interpret field research with this essential new guidebookGood field research is the driving force behind advancement in the agronomic, environmental, and soil sciences. Nevertheless, many undergraduate and graduate scientists have limited opportunity to develop hands-on experience before undertaking projects in the field. With Fieldwork Ready, Dr Sara Vero maps out the fundamental principles, methods, and management techniques that underpin this crucial practice, offering trainee researchers an accessible introduction to the world of on-site investigation.This instructive text includes:* Guidance on the essential aspects of environmental monitoring and soil, water, plant, and wildlife research* Insights into the methods behind experiment planning and effective fieldwork* Tips for team management and safety* Explanations of how to select and correctly use soil sampling equipmentOffering new researchers a primer that is practical and easy to follow, Fieldwork Ready is the ideal starting point for all those beginning a career in the agricultural sciences.

The majority of meat, milk, and eggs consumed in the United States are produced in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO). With concentrated animal operations, in turn comes concentrated manure accumulation, which can pose a threat of contamination of air, soil, and water if improperly managed. Animal Manure: Production, Characteristics, Environmental Concerns, and Management navigates these important environmental concerns while detailing opportunities for environmentally and economically beneficial utilization.

Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.

The best single reference for both the theory and practice of soil physical measurements, Methods, Part 4 adopts a more hierarchical approach to allow readers to easily find their specific topic or measurement of interest. As such it is divided into eight main chapters on soil sampling and statistics, the solid, solution, and gas phases, soil heat, solute transport, multi-fluid flow, and erosion. More than 100 world experts contribute detailed sections.

Our book addresses the needs of practitioners, engineers, scientists, regulators, resource managers, planners, and others with a need to know about septic systems. It arose after discussions about the need for a text that integrated current understanding of the hydrologic, physical, chemical, and biological processes involved in the treatment of wastewater using soil. In our experience, people working with septic systems - ourselves included - have a fragmented understanding of what these systems are, how they function, how wastewater moves through soil, how and which pollutants are removed, and how these systems impact the environment and public health. The relevant information is scattered across disciplines, information sources and audiences. This book is an attempt to collect and integrate this information in one place, and provide a scientific framework for understanding soil-based wastewater treatment.

Agricultural and Environmental Applications of Biochar: Advances and Barriers: Over the past decade, biochar has been intensively studied by agricultural and environmental scientists and applied as a soil quality enhancer and environmental ameliorator in various trials worldwide. This book, with 21 chapters by 57 accomplished international researchers, reports on the recent advances of biochar research and the global status of biochar application. Scientific findings, uncertainties, and barriers to practice of biochar amendment for sustaining soil fertility, improving crop production, promoting animal performance, remediating water and land, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions are synthesized. The book presents a whole picture of biochar in its production, characterization, application, and development. Agricultural and Environmental Applications of Biochar: Advances and Barrier highlights the mechanisms and processes of biochar amendment for achieving stunning agricultural and environmental benefits. Composition and characteristics of biochar, its interactions with contaminants and soil constituents, and its transformation in the environment are illustrated to enlighten the achievements of biochar amendment in improving soil physical, chemical, and biological quality and animal health, reducing soil greenhouse gas emissions, and decontaminating stormwater and mine sites. Additional emphasis is given to the pyrogenic carbon in Terra Preta soils and Japanese Andosols, the pyrolysis technology for converting agricultural byproducts to biochar, and the existing economic and technical barriers to wide application of biochar in Australia, China, New Zealand, North America, and Europe. Readers will appreciate the comprehensive review on the up-to-date biochar research and application and gain critical guidance in best biochar generation and utilization.

Rapid advances in tomography and imaging techniques and their successful application in soil and plant science are changing our sciences today. Many more articles using imaging and tomography are being published currently compared to 20 years ago. Soil-Water-Root Processes: Advances in Tomography and Imaging is a unique assemblage of contributions exploring applications of imaging and tomography systems in soil science--it provides an updated collection of X-ray computed tomography, synchrotron microtomography, neutron imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, geophysical imaging tools, and other tomography techniques for evaluating soils and roots. Exciting new procedures and applications have been developed, with the promise to propel forward our understanding of soil and plant properties and processes.

"Quantifying and Modeling Soil Structure Dynamics emphasizes a systems approach to how soil structure changes in response to inputs and to the environment. Soil structure is a dynamic, complex system affected by tillage, wheel traffic, roots, soil life, shrink swell, and freeze thaw. In turn, soil structure affects root growth and function, soil fauna, solute transport, water infiltration, gas exchange, thermal and electrical conductivities, traffic bearing capacity, and more. Ignoring soil structure or viewing it as ''static'' can lead to poor predictions and management. Readers will especially appreciate the description of soil structure influence on endpoints, such as environmental contamination and efficient water use, and how models should be adjusted to include dynamic soil structure components for accurate outputs"-- page 4 of cover.

Methods of Soil Enzymology provides the first comprehensive set of vetted methods for studying enzymes in soils. Readers will especially benefit from the step-by-step explanation of the lab procedures, as well as background information for using these methods effectively and analyzing data. Main topics include activity assays, enzyme extraction, and synthetic enzyme complexes. Each method covered includes background informaton, step-by-step descriptions of the procedure, and special comments regarding nuances, pitfalls, and interpretation of the method. Learn the latest research methods, including enzyme extraction methods and procedures for creating synthetic enzyme complexes, as well as the newest ways to use small-scale and high-throughput methods for enzyme activity assays. Written for the researcher, but welcoming to those new to soil enzymology, the introduction includes conceptual information to orient those who are not familiar with these methods but want to use them. In the tradition of SSSA methods books, Methods of Soil Enzymology features a comprehensive approach with a focus on ease of use.

Fescue toxicosis continues to be one of the most devastating problems in forage-livestock agriculture. Because there is presently no cure, using the most up-to-date management and prevention approaches are crucial. The 2nd edition of this important guide presents an easy-to-understand description of this complex problem, along with recommendations that are practical for real farm use.