Bøger af World Bank

Assesses the impact of the strong economic growth on employment. This study addresses the question of what Nigeria could do to increase the availability of quality jobs and reduce rising youth unemployment, and proposes a strategy to sustain and further accelerate Nigeria's growth performance and enhance quality of employment.

In Uganda, conditions in reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCAH) remain the primary drivers of morbidity and mortality, accounting for 60 percent of years of life lost. The high burden of these conditions can be attributed to a poor quality of care resulting from inadequate financial, human, and material resources compounded by weak multisectoral coordination. Moreover, the country's high population growth rate and a young population imply that RMNCAH service delivery will continue to dominate health sector reforms--even with the increasing prevalence of noncommunicable and infectious diseases. Over the past two decades, Uganda has focused on improving the quality of RMNCAH service delivery, leading to declines in the maternal, infant, and under-five mortality ratios and the increased use of modern contraception among married women. However, the neonatal mortality and teenage pregnancy rates have stagnated, and the low civil registration of births and deaths remains challenging. Investing in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health in Uganda: What Have We Learned, and Where Do We Go from Here? comprises 12 studies conducted as part of the RMNCAH Operational Research Program drafted between 2019 and 2021 and finalized and disseminated in October 2022 across 45 districts of Uganda with funding from Sweden and the World Bank. These studies underscore important lessons learned and offer suggestions for enhancing the delivery of RMNCAH interventions. Each chapter represents one study and discusses service delivery, the health workforce, financing, health information systems, and governance and leadership. Two appendixes summarize key findings and recommendations and explain the roles of key stakeholders in the RMNCAH Operational Research Program.

Growth in emerging market and developing economies has slowed sharply over the past decade. Even if there are no new adverse shocks, the growth slowdown is expected to persist in the remainder of this decade. The long shadow of climate change and broader development challenges further complicate growth prospects.

The state, as an owner of businesses, competes and collaborates with the private sector, and this involvement has profound implications for investment and growth. Governments actively participate in commercial markets in different forms, from controlling the production of goods and services to investing in firms as a minority shareholder. The impact of state participation on an economy's growth depends on the type of public-private ownership, the types of markets, and the importance of those markets in the economy. The impact also depends on how policies and institutions regulate both the businesses with state ownership and the markets in which they are active. The Business of the State uses new evidence covering 91 countries from the World Bank's Global Businesses of the State database to highlight the distinction between businesses of the state and traditionally understood state-owned enterprises. The report analyzes how different ownership forms across sectors and institutional settings affect private investment, productivity, technology adoption, and job creation. It also analyzes how government participation in markets influences the ability of economies to respond to shocks, from pandemics to climate change. The report proposes a clear analytical framework for understanding the consequences of relying on businesses of the state to attain specific development goals.

This handbook shows agribusinesses how to develop more sustainable, resilient, and productive supply chains and the substantial impact of doing so on development. The book compiles innovative solutions to address the challenges of sourcing from smallholder farmers to meet the increasing global demand for high quality products.

This Handbook presents frontier evidence and practitioner insights on how to measure the internal functioning of government. It covers the use of administrative data, public servant surveys and other microdata to diagnose and improve public administration.

Innovative Korea focuses on Korea's successful transition from a middle-income to a high-income economy by moving toward a private-sector-led growth model with greater emphasis on market competition, innovation, and technology.

This report sheds light on the economics of electric mobility transition by addressing three questions: why is electric mobility for passenger transportation relevant to the developing world; when does it make sense to proactively pursue the transition; and how can policymakers accelerate adoption of electric passenger vehicles.

This report studies the effect of multi national enterprises on climate change. Multi national enterprises provide both a fundamental risk and an opportunity for climate change mitigation. The report reviews the latest available data, conducts new empirical analysis, and summarizes pioneering literature.

This book focuses on studying Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia, estimating the impact of trade policy on exports and their relationship with local labor market outcomes. The book suggest that trade has successfully boosted trade flows, but the benefits from this have not necessarily yielded better labor market outcomes and have not been equally shared.

This report examines the impacts of subsidies on the world's stock of foundational natural capital -- clean air, land, and oceans. It presents new research on the magnitude and impact of these subsidies, and presents solutions to reform them in efficient and equitable ways.

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are crucial fields for economic development and social inclusion. This report is intended for policymakers and development partners to consider the importance of investing in STEM education.

This study focuses on forms of commons-based entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa that have developed in response to issues ranging from land and natural resources management to public services, employment and training, climate change and biodiversity.

This book focuses on studying Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia, investigating the role the institutional environment on firms? and workers? decisions to operate informally, and its relationship with higher level economic and social outcomes.

International Debt Statistics (IDS) is a longstanding annual publication of the World Bank featuring external debt statistics and analysis for the 123 low- and middle-income countries that report to the World Bank Debt Reporting System (DRS).

Outlines how to integrate water management and climate-change adaptation in the design, construction, and maintenance of roads. The guidelines describe how the negative impact of roads on the surrounding landscape can be turned around, and how roads can become instruments of beneficial water management and increased climate resilience.

Fostering Human Capital in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

Unemployment and underemployment are global development challenges. The situation in Ghana is no different. In 2016, it was projected that, given the country's growing youth population, 300,000 new jobs would need to be created each year to absorb the increasing numbers of unemployed young people. Yet the employment structure of the Ghanaian economy has not changed much from several decades ago. Most jobs are low skill, requiring limited cognitive or technology know-how, reflected in low earnings and work of lower quality. An additional challenge for Ghana is the need to create access to an adequate number of high-quality, productive jobs. This report seeks to increase knowledge about Ghana's job landscape and youth employment programs to assist policy makers and key stakeholders in identifying ways to improve the effectiveness of these programs and strengthen coordination among major stakeholders. Focused, strategic, short- to medium-term and long-term responses are required to address current unemployment and underemployment challenges. Effective coordination and synergies among youth employment programs are needed to avoid duplication of effort while the country's economic structure transforms. Effective private sector participation in skills development and employment programs is recommended. The report posits interventions in five priority areas that are not new but could potentially make an impact through scaling up: (1) agriculture and agribusiness, (2) apprenticeship (skills training), (3) entrepreneurship, (4) high-yielding areas (renewable energy-solar, construction, tourism, sports, and green jobs), and (5) preemployment support services. Finally, with the fast-changing nature of work due to technology and artificial intelligence, Ghana needs to develop an education and training system that is versatile and helps young people to adapt and thrive in the twenty-first century world of work.

Adaptive social protection (ASP) helps to build the resilience of poor and vulnerable households to the impacts of large, covariate shocks, such as natural disasters, economic crises, pandemics, conflict, and forced displacement. Through the provision of transfers and services directly to these households, ASP supports their capacity to prepare for, cope with, and adapt to the shocks they face--before, during, and after these shocks occur. Over the long term, by supporting these three capacities, ASP can provide a pathway to a more resilient state for households that may otherwise lack the resources to move out of chronically vulnerable situations. Adaptive Social Protection: Building Resilience to Shocks outlines an organizing framework for the design and implementation of ASP, providing insights into the ways in which social protection systems can be made more capable of building household resilience. By way of its four building blocks--programs, information, finance, and institutional arrangements and partnerships--the framework highlights both the elements of existing social protection systems that are the cornerstones for building household resilience, as well as the additional investments that are central to enhancing their ability to generate these outcomes. In this report, the ASP framework and its building blocks have been elaborated primarily in relation to natural disasters and associated climate change. Nevertheless, many of the priorities identified within each building block are also pertinent to the design and implementation of ASP across other types of shocks, providing a foundation for a structured approach to the advancement of this rapidly evolving and complex agenda.

Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report. Published semiannually, the report includes analysis of topical policy challenges faced by developing countries through in-depth research in the January edition, and shorter analytical pieces in the June edition.

The fourth edition of IFC's Food Safety Handbook is a step-by-step guide to help food sector businesses large or small establish or improve food safety systems. Written in easy-to-follow English and supplemented with useful tools for food safety management system implementation.

Fragile and Conflict-Affected States: On the Frontlines of the Fight against Poverty

The International Comparison Program (ICP) is a worldwide statistical initiative led by the World Bank under the auspices of the United Nations Statistical Commission. It produces comparable price and volume measures of gross domestic product (GDP) and its expenditure aggregates across economies.

This guide aims to convey country experiences and good international practices as a basis for decisions on how to address country-specific public investment management reform agendas.

This book discusses the impacts of population aging and technological change on Uruguay's labor markets and economic growth potential, focusing on the need to increase the level and quality of investment in human and physical capital in order to improve welfare and reduce inequality.

The book details the steps taken by 11 countries across Eastern Europe and Central Assia to strengthen their HIV programs based on the findings, and highlights critical issues for the road ahead.

Transition to Payment by Diagnostic Related Groups Payment: How Did They Do It?