Bøger af Water Environment Federation

The Dynamics of Water Innovation is an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations driving the adoption of new technologies in the water sector, including entrepreneurs, investors, technology and innovation leaders, researchers, and academics. The global water crisis means there is an urgent need for the development, introduction, and scaling of water technologies all around the world. Historically the water sector has been perceived as slow to adopt innovation, but little research has been carried out to verify or explain this phenomenon. This book proposes a new water technology adoption (WaTA) model created for the unique circumstances of water sector innovation and drawn from existing cross-sector models. The WaTA model includes a practical set of criteria that can be applied in the real world to generate better-informed planning and decision-making for innovators and investors. It gives water innovators a practical and robust method to plan and track developments, which could have a significant impact on perceptions of the pace of change, market confidence, and future outcomes.

This Manual of Practice presents current design considerations for wastewater and stormwater pumping stations. It covers station capacity requirements and configuration, the selection and design of pumping equipment, piping system layout and hydraulic considerations, electrical and instrumentation systems design, and other station appurtenances. Intended for design professionals, it addresses design of stations of all sizes and highlights the differences between wastewater and stormwater stations.

This manual includes laboratory procedures most often performed in wastewater laboratories and includes general wet chemistry procedures, activated sludge process control tests, bacteriological testing, and special sections about basic laboratory techniques and proper use of spectrophotometers and colorimetry. Each method (procedure) is broken down into easy-to-follow, step-by-step directions that adhere to recommendations found in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater and approved U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. Each method (procedure) includes a sample benchsheet. The intention of this publication is to help the operator- analyst produce analytical data that are defensible, precise, and accurate for process control and permit reporting. Special emphasis is placed on quality assurance and quality control. The introduction to each method includes a brief discussion of why the test is performed and how it can be used for process control. Most methods include typical ranges for the parameter associated with different types of treatment processes. This will help the operator- analyst determine the appropriateness of the collected samples.

The most comprehensive summary and literature review of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) on the market! BOD is one of the fundamental concepts in wastewater treatment. Throughout the 1800s and the 1900s, BOD was exhaustively studied and refined, both as a concept and as an analytical procedure. Review all previous BOD work--including why technicians, scientists, plant operators, regulators, and engineers have complained about the BOD test for many years. This book is intended to serve three purposes: first and foremost, is to describe BOD as a test procedure and biological phenomenon; secondly, to describe the place of BOD within the complex of testing that is used to evaluate treatment processes; lastly, is to present the development of BOD and preserve all peer-reviewed literature citations that mark the road to the current test. Chapters detailing sediment oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon testing and their relationship to BOD testing, as well as extensive coverage of the interferences encountered during oxygen demand testing makes this a must-have reference.

Water Quality Instrumentation provides both a theoretical explanation of how water sensors operate and a more practical discussion of how practitioners should deploy them to best effect. Readers will walk away with an enhanced understanding of the water instrumentation design, operation, and the chemistry that lies behind both, making it an invaluable resource for anyone who regularly deals with sensors--technicians and operators, researchers and engineers, and sales personnel in the water sector. The book's accessible, comprehensive approach to water instrumentation provides both a useful reference work on sensors and a jumping off point for those interested in true expertise on the topic.

This resource presents the best practices for the use of membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment. The book begins with an overview of membrane and biological process fundamentals, followed by coverage of membrane bioreactor system integrated process design. The physical design of features unique to membrane bioreactors and the procurement of membrane equipment are discussed. This authoritative manual also covers the operation of properly designed membrane bioreactor facilities.

Many wastewater collection system operators have successfully adopted capacity, management, operations, and maintenance (CMOM) activities to move from reactive operation and maintenance (O&M) to more proactive O&M activities. This publication identifies technologies that can be applied to further this movement into more preventive and even predictive O&M activities and continue to reduce reactive O&M. The publication is particularly useful for supervisors, operators, and maintenance personnel. The increased use of innovative technology, smart data, system optimization, and real-time controls will enhance optimization of O&M budgets and contribute to an overall reduction in life-cycle costs.

The Energy Roadmap serves as a guide for utilities of all sizes on the path to sustainable energy management. In it, you will explore innovative approaches to cost-effectively recover and reuse resources to transform "wastes" to valuable products. The book outlines six stops on the path to resource recovery, presenting insights and models for strategic management, creating an organizational culture, effective communication and outreach, demand-side management, energy generation, and innovating for the future.

Disasters faced by water resource recovery facilities include infrastructure failure, natural disasters, human-induced accidents, and multi-hazard disasters. Written for utility managers, operators, consulting engineers, emergency response planners and professionals, and public officials, this publication helps stakeholders plan for a range of emergencies, respond when disaster strikes, and recover in the wake of the event. It addresses the key elements of emergency planning and highlights the need to build resilient systems.

Utilities are faced with many challenges in their mission to manage wastewater, protect the water environment, and use resources wisely. Meeting these challenges can require significant upgrades to the nature or size of their facilities. This manual serves as a guidance document to help utility managers and others navigate this complex process.

These questions are also included as "Test Your Knowledge" questions in the Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals II--Solids Handling and Support Systems training manual and online course developed in collaboration with the Association of Boards of Certification (ABC). This separate study guide is intended for those operators who do not have the opportunity to use the training manual or online course for study. The peer-reviewed resources in the Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals series represent the expertise of hundreds of water quality professionals. They align with updated Need-to-Know Criteria from the Association of Boards of Certification and are based on WEF's extensive existing resource collection, including Operation of Water Resource Recovery Facilities, MOP 11. This study guide is a perfect companion for operators preparing for their first levels of the certification examination and for trainers interested in giving their students an opportunity to practically apply what they've learned.

Aspectos básicos sobe el tratamiento de aguas residuales II: Sistemas para el procesamiento de sólidos y de respaldo trata todos los elementos de los sistemas de procesamiento de sólidos y de respaldo y ayuda a los operadores a prepararse para los primeros tres niveles de los exámenes de certificación. Además de aprender los aspectos fundamentales del procesamiento de sólidos, los operadores comprenderán plenamente los aspectos críticos del espesamiento, de la deshidratación, de los sistemas de aeración y de la digestión aerobia. Después de aprender de ejemplos de la vida real, los usuarios podrán aplicar el material que aprendan a situaciones que encuentren en su trabajo cotidiano.

"Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals II--Solids Handling and Support Systems covers all aspects of solids handling and support systems and helps operators prepare for the first three levels of certification examinations. In addition to learning the basics of solids handling, operators will gain a thorough understanding of critical aspects of thickening, dewatering, aeration systems and aerobic digesting. After learning from real-life examples, users can apply the material they learn to situations they encounter in their day-to-day work."--

Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals I: Liquid Treatment covers all aspects of liquid treatment processes and helps operators prepare for the first three levels of certification examinations. In addition to learning the basics of liquid treatment, operators will gain a thorough understanding of critical aspects of biological treatment, nutrient removal, and disinfection. After learning from real-life examples, users can apply the material they learn to situations they encounter in their day-to-day work. Highlights of Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals include: Detailed visuals and infographics; Comprehensive math examples; Practice questions for each module with lots of variety; Accessible language for all levels of operators; Easy to read format; and Peer reviewed. This self-study manual aligns with updated Need-to-Know Criteria from the Association of Boards of Certification (ABC) and are based on WEFs extensive existing resource collection, including Operation of Water Resource Recovery Facilities, MOP 11.Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction to Wastewater Treatment Chapter 2: Characterization and Sampling of Wastewater Chapter 3: Preliminary Treatment of Wastewater Chapter 4: Primary Treatment of Wastewater Chapter 5: Fundamentals of Biological Treatment Chapter 6: Wastewater Treatment Ponds Chapter 7: Fixed Film Treatment Chapter 8: Activated Sludge Chapter 9: Nutrient Removal Chapter 10: Disinfection

The unprecedented global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus causing the COVID-19 disease prompted the Water Environment Federation (WEF) to conduct a critical review of pathways of potential exposure to this virus associated with the collection and treatment of wastewater. In April 2020, WEF convened a panel of academics and practitioners expert in the science and practice of wastewater collection and treatment to conduct this critical review. Protecting Wastewater Professionals From Covid-19 and Other Biological Hazards features updates to WEF's Manual of Practice No. 1, Safety, Health, and Security in Wastewater Systems. These updates concern protecting health and safety workers from biological hazard exposures associated with wastewater, including viruses like SARS-CoV-2. Then, a review of worker health and safety best practice guidelines culminates in recommendations regarding exposure to biological hazards associated with wastewater. Examples of a Job Safety Analysis (JSA), a key component to these recommendations, are found in the publication's appendix. Finally, a review of current, relevant peer-reviewed literature identifies and reports on gaps in the knowledge base.

This publication is intended for use by professionals engaged in the design, approval, and operation of municipal solids treatment and disposal systems. This publication's 26 chapters include contemporary new material on planning, public outreach and involvement, solids production and characterization, design approach, conveyance, conditioning, thickening, waste minimization, anaerobic and aerobic digestion, dewatering, composting, alkaline treatment, disinfection and stabilization, thermal drying, thermal oxidation, pyrolysis and gasification, transport and storage, odor management, sidestreams, instrumentation and monitoring, land application and product distribution, landfill management, emerging technologies, and treatment and utilization of green gases.

The more than 800 study questions and answers in this study companion represent all aspects of liquid treatment processes and help operators prepare for the first three levels of certification examinations. Practicing these questions will allow operators to practically measure and improve their knowledge of the basics of liquid treatment as well as critical aspects of biological treatment, nutrient removal, and disinfection. These questions are also included as "Test Your Knowledge" questions in the Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals I--Liquid Treatment training manual and online course developed in collaboration with the Association of Boards of Certification (ABC). This separate study guide is intended for those operators who do not have the opportunity to use the training manual or online course for study. The peer-reviewed resources in the Wastewater Treatment Fundamentals series represent the expertise of hundreds of water quality professionals. They align with updated Need-to-Know Criteria from the Association of Boards of Certification and are based on WEF's extensive existing resource collection, including Operation of Water Resource Recovery Facilities, MOP 11.

This 4th edition of Financing and Charges for Wastewater Systems provides an overview of current industry practices that should be considered for financing and establishing rates and charges for wastewater collection and treatment systems. In addition, this Manual of Practice reflects and is responsive to changes in the industry over the last decade that have occasioned a heightened awareness about wastewater utility financial management and the equitable distribution of cost responsibilities across customer groups or classes. These changes, including tightening environmental regulation and replacement of aging infrastructure, have resulted in a pronounced increase in the cost of wastewater services. At the same time, the portion of costs paid through federal and state assistance programs have declined, challenging the affordability of this vital service. In this context, guidance on wastewater rate-setting practices, and particularly the distribution of costs across user groups, is of critical importance. As individual wastewater utilities address their financial management challenges, it is important that their practices for setting rates and charges be responsive to the unique circumstances and values of the communities they serve. Accordingly, this manual offers industry-accepted guidance in addressing these challenges without prescribing specific methods. In many instances, acceptable methodological alternatives are presented. Financing and Charges for Wastewater Systems is structured to provide the reader with an overview of financing mechanisms for wastewater systems and a framework for development of wastewater rates and charges.

Wastewater Biology: The Microlife is a widely-used, essential reference for wastewater operators and engineers. This new edition explores the organisms that are considered the most important in the treatment of wastewater and disease transmission and provides you with the knowledge needed to regulate and control treatment processes properly. In addition to detailed information on bacteria, protozoa, rotifers, nematodes and other metazoan, filamentous organisms, pathogens, and parasites, it includes a discussion of the microscope and photomiscroscopy as well as other tools, equipment, and procedures that are necessary for examining, identifying and enumerating these life forms. Generously illustrated with a minimum of technical jargon, this is an easy-to-use guide to the biological aspects of wastewater treatment. Includes 13 color plates to assist in identifying the microlife.

Shortcut nitrogen removal, an emerging economical solution for water resource recovery facilities, refers to the biological nitrogen removal (BNR) process whereby ammonia is not converted to nitrate, but instead stops at nitrite to shortcut the conventional nitrification/denitrification process. The resulting breakthrough single-step deammonification has significant advantages compared to conventional BNR processes, including reduced energy requirements, reduced carbon requirements, and reduced chemical costs.Shortcut Nitrogen Removal--Nitrite Shunt and Deammonification is an essential resource for facility owners and practitioners evaluating the implementation of these advancements, including guidelines for assessing the application of various technologies. This book will ensure that you are able to: understand the current research, identify best practices, andrecognize how implementing these emerging processes affects permit compliance, energy recovery, carbon usage, chemical addition, and solids production.

Developed in conjunction with the International Ultraviolet Association, Ultraviolet Disinfection for Wastewater: Low-Dose Application Guidance for Secondary and Tertiary Discharges serves as a guide for consultants, wastewater utilities, and operators and provides introductory information on the advantages (and disadvantages) of UV disinfection compared to other commonly used technologies. It also provides valuable information to regulatory agencies who review applications for the use of UV disinfection systems in water resource recovery facilities that are subject to discharge limits for bacteria under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permitting.Providing specific case study examples, UV Disinfection for Wastewater fills an existing gap in the design guidance that is available for UV disinfection for low-dose applications, which includes disinfection of secondary and tertiary wastewater effluent discharges to meet NPDES compliance.