Bøger af Satyajit Ratha

Describes sensing technology and emphasizes many biosensing techniques based on optical and electrochemical response methods. It provides overviews of advanced sensing methodologies based on photonic crystal cavity-based sensing devices and discusses electrochemical sensing, gas sensing, photo-electrochemical sensing, and colorimetric sensing.

This book covers the recent development of metal oxides, hydroxides and their carbon composites for electrochemical oxidation of water in the production of hydrogen and oxygen as fuels. It includes a detailed discussion on synthesis methodologies for the metal oxides/hydroxides, structural/morphological characterizations, and the key parameters (Tafel plot, Turnover frequency, Faradic efficiency, overpotential, long cycle life etc.) needed to evaluate the electrocatalytic activity of the materials. Additionally, the mechanism behind the electro oxidation process is presented. Readers will find a comprehensive source on the close correlation between metal oxides, hydroxides, composites, and their properties and importance in the generation of hydrogen and oxygen from water.The depletion of fossil fuels from the earth's crust, and related environmental issues such as climate change, demand that we search for alternative energy resources to achieve some form of sustainable future. In this regard, much scientific research has been devoted to technologies such as solar cells, wind turbines, fuel cells etc. Among them fuel cells attract much attention because of their versatility and efficiency. In fuel cells, different fuels such as hydrogen, CO2, alcohols, acids, methane, oxygen/air, etc. are used as the fuel, and catalysts are employed to produce a chemical reaction for generating electricity. Hence, it is very important to produce these fuels in an efficient, eco-friendly, and cost effective manner. The electrochemical splitting of water is an environmentally friendly process to produce hydrogen (the greener fuel used in fuel cells), but the efficiencies of these hydrogen evolution reactions (cathodic half reaction) are strongly dependent on the anodic half reaction (oxygen evolution reaction), i.e., the better the anodic half, the better will be the cathodic reaction. Further, this oxygen evolution reaction depends on the types of active electrocatalysts used. Though many more synthetic approaches have been explored and different electrocatalysts developed, oxide and hydroxide-based nanomaterials and composites (with graphene, carbon nanotubes etc.) show better performance. This may be due to the availability of more catalytic surface area and electro active centers to carry out the catalysis process.

This book discusses the instrumentation of supercapacitors, various measurement procedures and the techniques used for the performance evaluation, to help determine the appropriate methodology for the evaluation of a supercapacitor device and also to identify the inconsistencies between the device performance and electrode material properties. As a promising energy storage option, supercapacitors need to be readied for commercialization rather than confined within the niche of academic research. This book also assists in the formulation of strict performance guidelines aided by realistic evaluation techniques, so that these devices can be made available to society through industrial production. As such it is an important read not only for academicians and researchers, but also for industry and policymakers.

This brief deals with various forms of supercapacitors starting from traditional carbon based supercapacitors to advanced next generation hybrid supercapacitors.