Bøger af Hamideh Jahangiri

Caregivers play a vital role in health management, addressing patients' physical, emotional, spiritual, and practical needs. Care managers identify patient needs, supervise ongoing care, manage medication, provide education, and advocate for patients. Key caregiver skills include communication, problem-solving, flexibility, time management, decision making, and mentoring.In healthcare, patient caregivers are often overlooked, despite their significance in managing chronic conditions. They directly support patients' best care. Caring for a loved one with a chronic condition can be fulfilling yet overwhelming, posing physical and emotional challenges. Caregivers must prioritize their well-being. As researchers, we support caregivers, ensuring they care for themselves while fulfilling responsibilities to patients.

Healthcare management is responsible for overseeing healthcare facilities. People in these roles work to enhance treatment options & direct organizational policies & procedures. Healthcare management professionals are not directly involved with patient care but look at the bigger picture to ensure services offered benefit patients and empower staff. They make sure budgets allow maximum efficiency & quality & usually manage a team of medical staff. Healthcare managers are in charge of keeping healthcare facilities such as hospitals, medical centers, health centers functioning & serving the community. They make sure the facility provides the best possible care. Job responsibilities are developing & implementing organizational-level goals & procedures; researching & implementing strategies to improve standards of patient care & facilities offered; recruiting, training & managing medical & administrative staff; managing finance & budgets; complying with health & data protection regulations; collaborating with health boards, medical staff & researchers. Key skills in healthcare management are communication, problem-solving, flexibility, time management, team management, decision making.

Jahangiri's Psychopharmacotherapy Handbook- A life Span Approach is justified in being described as the ¿gold standard¿ for information on psychopharmacology drugs and it is widely used by psychiatrists, psychologists and other healthcare professionals across the world. No other reference source examines psychopharmacology drug stability and compatibility in such detail. All of the selected drugs are presented in the same design format in order to facilitate rapid access to information. Specifically,each drug is broken down into five sections, each designated by a unique color background: therapeutics, side effects, dosing and use, special populations,& psychopharmacology. Therapeutics covers the brand names in major countries; the class of drug; what it is commonly prescribed and approved for by the FDA; how the drug works;how long it takes to work; what to do if it works or if it doesn¿t work. Side effects explains how the drug causes side effects. Dosing & use gives the usual dosing range; dosage forms;how to dose and dosing tips;symptoms of overdose; long-term use; if habit forming,how to stop; pharmakinetics; drug interactions; when not to use & other warnings or precautions.

Biotechnology Dictionary English-Persian is recognized as the definitive dictionary of Biotechnology up-to-date, comprehensive, and authoritative. It is unique among dictionaries in providing nearly encyclopedic discussions of many of the most important entries. Biotechnology Dictionary is vastly expanded to cover the explosion of new words and terms in Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. The entries are clearly written so that they can be understood by non-biotechnologists (including general readers), and they feature cross-references so that readers can easily locate all the relevant information on a topic. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Dictionary is a relatively new and growing field in which the principles of biotechnology are applied to the development of drugs. A majority of therapeutic drugs in the current market are bioformulations, such as antibodies, nucleic acid products, and vaccines. Biotechnology Dictionary is written for the working library of a broad and diverse readership of specialists and non-specialists that includes biotechnologists, pharmacists, medical specialists, pharmaceutical biotechnologists, & lay readers with an interest in Biotechnology issues.

Psychological factors play a very important role in the existence and formation of Heart diseases, especially Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Nowadays, heart diseases especially CHD which its clinical spectrum varies from silence ischemia to stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infection and sudden heart death is one of the three main causes of death in the industrial countries besides cancer and brain stroke. Fifty million people die annually around the world; 12 million of them die because of cardiovascular diseases.Stress can affect person's health through behavioral and physiologic changes. Stress can also lead to heart diseases through psychological changes. It seems that stress has direct effects on coronary arteries and heart muscles. Nontraditional risk factors, such as psychological traits, have been increasingly recognized as important contributors to the genesis and outcomes of coronary artery disease. Mental stress induces significant peripheral arterial vasoconstriction, with consequent increases in heart rate and blood pressure. These changes are thought to underlie the development of myocardial ischemia and other mental stress-induced adverse cardiac events.

High blood pressure (HBP), is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. It has caused the death of more than 9 million people worldwide. HBP is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. HBP usually does not cause symptoms. Long-term high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia. HBP is classified as either primary (essential) HBP or secondary HBP. About 90¿95% of cases are primary, defined as high blood pressure due to nonspecific lifestyle and genetic factors. Lifestyle factors that increase the risk include excess salt in the diet, excess body weight, smoking, and alcohol use. The remaining 5¿10% of cases are categorized as secondary HBP, defined as HBP due to an identifiable cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of the kidney arteries, an endocrine disorder, or the use of birth control pills. These results indicate a need for prompt intervention for preventing HBP in the Iranian population as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

Nurses and physicians working in the intensive care unit (ICU) are exposed to considerable job stress. Considerable work related stress, distress symptoms among staff have been described as being frequent, and previous studies have identified high levels of burnout symptoms among ICU staff. Burnout is a psychological concept often used as a response to long-term emotional and interpersonal stressors, usually in the work context. Burnout may be a result of too much work and too little recovery. The clinical impact of burnout may be decreased well-being (insomnia, irritability, eating problems, and depressive problems) and increased sick leave among staff. A high degree of emotional exhaustion among nurses has been shown to predict lower self-rated performances and higher intention to quit work. Characteristics of both the organization (decision makers, authority) and the work (workload, social support, and autonomy) may be associated with job satisfaction and psychological reactions like burnout in ICU professionals.

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability with high health care cost in Iran. It accounts for nearly 50 percent of all deaths per year. Although certain risk factors associated with CVD progression¿such as age, gender, and family history¿are non-modifiable, the majority of factors influencing CVD risk can be attributed to an individual's lifestyle choices and, as such, have the potential to be improved through particular lifestyle modifications. The investigation indicated the incidence of CVD is rapidly increasing. Higher frequency of CVD risk factors in university lecturers which could be due to specific occupation-related life style, such as unhealthy dietary intake and lack of regularly exercise and sitting more than 4-8 hours in a day during the time at the university and Tobacco smoking is strictly observed. These lifestyle choices act both in isolation and in synergy to increase multiple cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, which in turn have the potential to interact with each other to further elevate risk, which require making to address control measures regarding CVD risk factors, such as high blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes.

Population aging and proposals for delaying retirement in many countries have led to greater interest in understanding the potential long-term associations between retirement and health. As an important life transition, retirement may influence health by changing financial resources, psycho-social stressors, health behaviors, social integration & personal control. Early retirement may be a risk factor for mortality and prolonged working life may provide survival benefits among older adults. Transitioning from work to retirement could be either beneficial or harmful for health. Results showed cardiovascular disease risk is increased after retirement. In terms of health outcomes, CVD remains the biggest cause of death worldwide. When studying the association between retirement & CVD or its risk factors, it is important to consider reverse causality, as poor health may be a determinant of retirement, especially for early retirement. Poor mental health may influence people's decisions about, and ability to keep working into later adulthood.The identification of factors that drive retirement provides valuable information for policymakers attempting to mitigate the effects of population.

Having a child with a chronic disease may cause anxiety and depression and impair the sleep quality in the parents. Taking care of the sick child by the parents-who are usually the main care takers- can be associated with high loads of stress and result in behavioral problems like anxiety, depression and disturbance in sleep quality. This experience is commonly perceived as a chronic stressor, and caregivers often experience negative psychological, behavioral, & physiological effects on their daily lives and health. The caregiver reported extremely high levels of psychological distress, including anxiety, depression. Present study showed a significant association between depression-anxiety and sleep quality in parents with asthmatic children. Therefore, children with and their parents need to be assessed for the requirement of support regarding depression- anxiety status and sleep quality. The importance of identifying caregivers at risk of negative health outcomes and intervening to attenuate the stress associated with the caregiving experience. This book is based on the original research presented at EAN 2015 Conference, July 22-23, 2015 in Berlin, Germany.

Hypertension (HTN or HT) is one of the factors affecting morbidity and mortality in elderly people to make health care policy makers pay more attention to control of hypertension in elderly people,18% of all deaths (9.4 million globally). Also, hypertension is considered as a major health problem in our society. High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms. Long-term high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.About 90¿95% of cases are primary, defined as hypertension due to nonspecific lifestyle and genetic factors.Lifestyle factors that increase the risk include excess salt in the diet, excess body weight, smoking, and alcohol use. Lifestyle changes and medications can lower blood pressure and decrease the risk of health complications. Lifestyle changes include weight loss, decreased salt intake, physical exercise, and a healthy diet. This book is based on the original research that was presented at AiA15 Conference (ASA Conference; 2015 Aging in America Conference), March 23-27, 2015 in Chicago, America.

Radiologists experienced routine symptoms of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization - often accompanied by issues of financial scarcity. Radiologists felt the classic symptoms of burnout defined by the report as a loss of enthusiasm for work, cynicism & a low sense of personal accomplishment. Most of Radiologists said income & reimbursement issues are among the top reasons radiologists are experiencing high levels of stress & burnout. The top three causes of burnout physician-wide were having too many bureaucratic tasks, too many work hours and increasing computerization. For radiologists, income issues and the reimbursement imbalance that has emerged in recent years are often central to stress & burnout. Imaging utilization has increased without proportionate increases in reimbursement, which has created an increasing gap between productivity and reimbursement. That¿s a set-up for stress and burnout, and making things worse, physicians often have poor stress-coping skills. It recommended mental health and career planning resources for radiologists, research grants to evaluate evidence-based interventions & the addition of wellness-based curriculum components for radiologists.

Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Parents usually notice signs in the first two or three years of their child's life. These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then worsen. Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy, such as rubella, as well as valproic acid, alcohol or cocaine use during pregnancy. Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize. Early speech or behavioral interventions can help children with autism gain self-care, social skills and communication skills. An autistic culture has developed, with some individuals seeking a cure and others believing autism should be accepted as a difference and not treated as a disorder. Globally, the prevalence of autism in the Iran has risen steadily since researchers first began tracking it in 2000.