Bøger af Aamir Al Mosawi

There is a large number of dysmorphic mental-growth retardation syndromes associated with various combinations of low set ears, ocular abnormalities such as microphthalmia, microcornea, ocular hypopigmentation, and colobomatas of the iris, uvea , and optic disc. The aim of this book is to report the novel occurrence of a new dysmorphic mental-growth retardation syndrome associated with asymmetric ocular abnormalities including microphthalmia, microcornea, iris and uvea colobomata, transient ocular hypopigmentation, and contralateral optic disc colobomata, and dilated third ventricle.

Mental retardation is a group of heterogeneous disorders associated with generalized developmental delay during infancy and early childhood, while impairment in cognitive functions and adaptive behaviors became generally apparent during pre-school and early school years depending on the severity of the condition. Although the World Health Organization is still using the term mental retardation in its ICD-10 publication, the American Psychiatric Association has recently called the condition ¿Intellectual disability¿. There are two main types of mental retardation: The syndromic mental retardation is associated with other abnormalities caused by chromosomal and non-chromosomal genetic defects, endocrine disorders, and inborn errors of metabolism. Non-syndromic or idiopathic mental retardation is not associated with other abnormalities or underlying metabolic or endocrine disorder. Mental retardation may also occur in various forms of cerebral palsy, bilirubin encephalopathy, and atypical autism. Little is known about the pattern of mental retardation in Iraq. The aim of this book is to describe the pattern of mental retardation in a sample of Iraqi children.

Little is known about the uncommon, rare, and very rare genetic disorders in Iraq. The aim of this book is to report a study of the pattern of uncommon, rare and very rare genetic disorders observed by one pediatrician at single tertiary pediatric center during three-year period. During three-year period (2016-2018), 43 patients (29 males, 14 females) with uncommon, rare and very rare genetic disorders were observed by one pediatrician at one tertiary pediatric center. Their ages ranged from 5 days to 17 years. In this series, very rare genetic disorders in Iraq included the thirty six case of Cutis laxa type II (Debre type) in the world, the case number 104 in the world of Sanjad-Sakati-Richardson-Kirk syndrome, the case number 130 in the world of Townes Brocks syndrome, and the case number 170 in the world of Coffin Siris syndrome.

Heller syndrome is a rare heterogeneous clinical syndrome that is distinctive from autism and Asperger syndrome. Several authors have emphasized the rarity of the disorder including Fombone (2002), Burd and colleagues (1988), Charan (2012), Malhotra et al (2013), and Tapanadechopone (2015) who reported the first patient in Thailand. However, the disorder has been reported in several countries including Austria, United Kingdom, United States of America, Japan, India, Canada, Denmark, Spain, Thailand, and France. We have previously observed Heller syndrome in Iraqi patients, however, the syndrome has not been well documented or reported from Iraq in the medical literature. The main aim of this book is to describe two Iraqi patients with Heller syndrome, one of them have changes in brain MRI suggestive of cerebral vasculitis. The second aim of this book is to describe the historical documentation of the syndrome in the medical literature.

There are a large number of dysmorphic syndromes associated with various combinations of hypertelorism (with or without flat mid-face), epicanthic folds, convergent squint, low set ears, upward and downward slanting of the palpebral fissures, and eyebrows abnormalities occurring in association with hypotonia and developmental delay. The aim of this book is to report the occurrence of a new dysmorphic syndrome with the novel occurrence of unique eyebrows abnormalities consisting of splitting with a relatively thick upward slanting medial parts and thin non-slanting lateral parts in association with downward slanting palpebral fissures, bilateral convergent squint, hypertelorism with flat mid-face, epicanthic folds, large ears, developmental delay, and infantile hypotonia mostly attributed to congenital myopathy.

von Recklinghausen syndrome is a complex genetic disorder that range from mild hardly noticed condition to an extremely terrifying progressive disorder with numerous complications and serious disfigurement of the body caused by generalized or huge growth of tumors. The condition was named after Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen who published in 1882 a detailed description of the disorder including information from previous literature. However, the condition has not been well described or documented in Iraqi children despite it is believed that the condition was observed. The main aim of this book is to describe a unique case of von Recklinghausen syndrome in an Iraqi child associated with right sided basal ganglion abnormalities on brain MRI. A second aim of this book is to describe the early historic documentation of the syndrome in the literature.

There is no effective therapy for many neurological disorders associated with significant neurological damage such as kernicterus. The aim of this book is to describe a novel therapeutic approach which in one month produced obvious and rather dramatic improvement of the neurological dysfunction caused by kernicterus. Before treatment, the girl was not speaking and was not saying any word. She was lacking the balance (co-ordination) without obvious muscle weakness. She was unable to maintain the sitting posture on a chair for few minutes. She was unable to maintain straight standing posture when supported on chair at all. She had difficulty in holding things. After treatment: Speech development was initiating and she was saying few words. She was able to sit normally on the chair and maintaining the sitting posture indefinitely. She was unable to maintain more straight stable standing posture without holding a chair and with the ability to hold things at the same time indicting improved coordination. She developed improved ability to hold a pen. A second aim of this book is to describe the early documentation of this disorder in the literature.

Huntington disease is a fatal, autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder of adults that was most probably first described in 1841 by Charles Oscar Waters. However, the disorder was named after George Huntington who published a paper about this rare disorder in1872. During the 1960s, the rare occurrence of childhood and adolescent forms of Huntington disease was increasingly recognized and reports about it was published in English and other languages including French ,German, Italian and ,Serbian. Pediatric Huntington disease typically has different presentation when compared with adults. Early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment may contribute to enhancing the quality of life of affected patients. However, most clinicians are unaware that Huntington disease can present during childhood and adolescence, and the diagnosis can be delayed. Therefore, appropriate genetic counseling are commonly not witnessed. Pediatric Huntington disease has not been reported before in Iraq. The main aim of this book is to describe the first case of this disease in Iraq. The book also describes the early historic documentation of the syndrome in the literature.

There is often limited professional knowledge, experience and awareness of the manifestations of very rare genetic disorders, and their most appropriate management because of the small number of patients having each one of them. It is generally difficult to diagnose a rare disease or disorder because it is impracticable for doctors to be familiar with thousands of rare conditions. However, the early diagnosis of rare genetic disorders plays a vital role in preventing the disorder through appropriate genetic counseling. Townes Brocks syndrome is a very rare genetic syndrome with 129 well-documented patients reported in the medical literature. Townes Brocks syndrome has not been reported before in Iraq. The main aim of this book is to describe the first case of this syndrome in Iraq which seems to be the case number 130. The book also describes the historic documentation of the syndrome in the literature.

The syndrome of complete absence of one ear and ear canal, and ipsilateral facial palsy is one of the extremely rare manifestations of genetic abnormalities. The occurrence of microtia/anotia syndrome in association with congenital facial palsy has been reported in association with: 1-Teratogenic effect of thalidomide and retinoic acid. 2-Well-Known syndromes including Berry Treacher Collins and Goldenhar. 3-A poorly characterized cardiofacial syndrome or syndromes. There have been very few reports of the occurrence of microtia/anotia syndrome in association with congenital facial palsy without other congenital cardiac defects or other congenital abnormalities. These reports include the reports of Parkash and colleagues (1982), Gathwala and, colleagues (2013), and Mahale et al (2016). The aim of this book is to describe the extremely rare occurrence of the syndrome of complete absence of one ear and ipsilateral facial palsy in an Iraqi infant. This Iraqi patient most probably represents the fourth patient with the syndrome of microtia/anotia syndrome and congenital facial palsy without other abnormalities.

It is generally difficult to diagnose a rare disease or disorder because it is impracticable for doctors to be familiar with thousands of rare conditions. However, the early diagnosis of rare genetic disorders plays a vital role in preventing the disorder through appropriate genetic counseling. It can be very harmful for the parents when the possible recurrence of a genetic condition is neglected by attributing the abnormalities caused by a rare genetic disorder to non-inherited conditions such as congenital infection or administration of medications during pregnancy. Adams Oliver syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder with some of its manifestations commonly attributed to congenital infection or administration of medications during pregnancy. Adams Oliver syndrome has not been reported before in Iraq. The main aim of this book is to describe the first case of this syndrome in Iraq. The book also describes the historic documentation of the syndrome in the literature.

There is no curative or satisfactory effective therapy for the nervous tissue damage associated with myelomeningocele which results in a serious disability. The aim of this book is to describe a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of the nervous tissue damage associated with myelomeningocele. The novel approach aimed at regeneration of spinal cord cells, and strengthening the muscles of legs. The therapeutic approach resulted in a significant improvement that has never been reported before.

There is no known curative therapy for pervasive developmental disorders which include autism, Asperger syndrome, and atypical autism. Marked improvement or disappearance of autistic features in these disorders have not been reported with any therapy before. The aim of this book is to describe a new therapeutic medical approach for the treatment of pervasive developmental disorders including autism and Asperger syndrome. All the patients with autism and Asperger syndrome treated with this new approach showed improvement and marked lessening of the autistic features with some patients showed complete disappearance of the main autistic features. No patient developed any side effects. Patients observed during the same year who didn¿t receive this new treatment or were treated with other treatments such as omega-3 and risperdone didn¿t show any lessening effect in the autistic features. However, one patient treated with citicoline injection showed improvement in the autistic features.

The syndrome of severe growth retardation , mental retardation, and chronic hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism was first reported by Sanjad, Sakati, and Abu-Osba in 1988. However, the syndrome was first fully described in 1990 by Ricky J Richardson from the Sick Children Hospital of Great Ormond Street in London, and Jeremy MW Kirk from St Bartholomew's Hospital in London. Richardson and Kirk emphasized that this association of a previously undescribed congenital anomalies represented a new syndrome that was observed in eight children of middle eastern origin. They thought that early recognition of this rare disorder may decrease the associated morbidity and mortality. The total number of the reported patients with Sanjad-Sakati-Richardson-Kirk syndrome is 103. Sanjad-Sakati-Richardson-Kirk syndrome has not been reported before in Iraq. The main aim of this book is to describe the first case of this syndrome in Iraq which is the case number 104 in the world.

Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome is a rare disorder of adults characterized by bilateral ocular manifestations which include diffuse uveitis presenting with an acute or subacute onset of bilateral visual impairment with or without pain and redness. During the 1970s and 1980s childhood Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome has been increasingly recognized. The total number of the reported patients with childhood vogt koyanagi harada syndrome is 105 including only one patient with unilateral ocular involvement reported by forster and colleagues (1991). Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome has not been documented in Iraq. The main aim of this book is to report and document the first patient with pediatric Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome who is the case number 106 and the second case with unilateral Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome in the world. The patient condition was improved with initial treatment with daily steroids followed by long term cyclosporine. However, the use of cyclosporine resulted in the development of gingival hyperplasia. Review of the available evidence suggested that mycophenolate mofetil can provide the same therapeutic benefit, but without the development of gingival hyperplasia.

There is no satisfactory therapy for many of the disabling genetic disorders such as pediatric juvenile spinal muscular atrophy (Wohlfart Kugelberg Welander syndrome). The aim of this book is to describe a novel therapy for pediatric juvenile spinal muscular atrophy which resulted in an obvious improvement that has never been reported before. Two unrelated Iraqi boys with pediatric juvenile spinal muscular atrophy were observed, and the one who was more severely affected was treated with a novel therapy which resulted in obvious improvement within less than one month. The less affected boy received no treatment and didn¿t show any improvement after few months.

It has been widely recognized that effective leadership is crucial for healthcare organizations and healthcare systems to provide high quality care and financial success. It has also been realized that the quality of leadership is crucial to how work gets done in an organization. The aim of this book is to describe an accredited training course entitled ¿Leadership in Medicine and Healthcare¿ which will serve as a compendium and a useful guidebook for professional trainers working in this field. The knowledge and skills acquired during the course described in this book will help the participants to think and work in order to make changes that advance their practice and improve the services they are providing in their organizations and institutions.

The importance of professional training and development has become well recognized and accepted by many organizations and institutions throughout the world. However, when training and development programs don¿t follow the accepted scientific principles and can not be accredited, it become unnecessary burden and a source of distraction. The aim of this practical book is to provide trainers of the trainers all the necessary materials to conduct an a training course entitled ¿Training of Trainers (TOT) course ¿. The book serves as a compendium and a useful guidebook for professional trainers and training experts working in the field of professional training.

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a neuro-psychiatric disorder that generally affects children with normal intelligence and can affect also talented children. Gilles de la Tourette syndrome was first described in a book entitled ¿Malleus Maleficarum¿ which means "Witch's hammer" in the late 15th century. The book described a priest whose abnormal involuntary repetitive behaviors were considered to be related to possession by the devil. In the medical literature, Jean Marc Gaspard Itard, a French doctor was the first to describe a patient with this syndrome in 1825. The rather bizarre manifestations of the syndrome including involuntary movements and utterances can make an intelligent child a victim of the condition, and adversely affects his schooling and results in social rejection and consequently isolation. Awareness of this condition by the community, educators, and also medical practitioners are necessary to avoid the loss of affected children who can have the potential to be a talented individual in the future. Gilles de la Tourette syndrome has not been described or documented before in Iraq. The aim of this book is to describe the first case of this syndrome in Iraq.

Mental retardation has been recently called by the American Psychiatric Association¿ intellectual disability¿ despite that World Health Organization is still using the term ¿Mental retardation¿ in its ICD-10 publication. There is no known therapeutic approach that can advance the mental functions to move the patient with mental retardation from the uneducable to educable mental retardation. The aim of this book is to describe a novel therapeutic approach which was successful in advancing the mental functions in a patient with uneducable (Moderate to severe) idiopathic mental retardation and making the child perfectly educable. This book is not about what was called historically a heroic or miraculous medicine, but it is all about providing a preliminary scientific evidence, changing perspectives and opening new frontiers.

Coffin Siris syndrome is very rare genetic syndrome.THE TOTAL NUMBER OF THE REPORTED PATIENTS WITH COFFIN SIRIS SYNDROME IS 169. Coffin Siris syndrome has been reported only once in Iraq. The first Iraqi patient with Coffin Siris syndrome (Al Mosawi AJ,2006) was also the first patient in the Arab. The main aim of this book is to describe the second case of this syndrome in Iraq which is also the case number 170 in the world. The book also describes the historic documentation of the syndrome in the literature.

Non-syndromic agenesis of the corpus callosum is a rare congenital disorder that has not been described or documented in Iraq. In this book, two Iraqi infants with non-syndromic agenesis of the corpus callosum are described. One infant had the isolated type and the second infant had agenesis of the corpus callosum associated with colpocephaly. Both infants had the clinical features of the syndrome resulting from the associated failure of neuronal migration including hypotonia with poor spontaneous movements, and poor head control, and no response to voice. The infant with corpus callosum associated with colpocephaly was treated with a novel therapeutic approach aiming at improving brain functions and accelerating development. She received two medications given by intramuscular injections in five successive therapeutic courses over three months period. Treatment was associated with significant improvement. The second patient didn¿t receive any specific therapy during three months of observation and he didn¿t show any obvious improvement despite he didn¿t have colpocephaly.

Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder that can be congenital or acquired. The congenital disorder can result from aplasia or hypoplasia of parathyroids or occurs as a part of genetic syndromes such as Sanjad-Sakati-Richardson Kirk syndrome. Non-syndromic genetic hypoparathyroidism can be inherited as autosomal dominant and X-linked recessive disorders. Acquired hypoparathyroidism can be autoimmune disorder or classified as idiopathic. Autoimmune hypoparathyroidism is generally suggested by its frequent association with other autoimmune disorders and moniliasis. Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism has not been well documented in Iraq. However, a case of autoimmune hypoparathyroidism associated with alopecia totalis has been observed in Iraq during the 1990s and was reported in 2017 by Al Mosawi AJ. Sanjad Sakati Richardson Kirk Syndrome, a disorder associated with congenital hypoparathyroidism has been well described in Iraq by Al Mosawi AJ in 2018. The syndrome of childhood hypoparathyroidism, vitiligo, poliosis, and macrocytic anemia has not been reported in the literature before. The aim of this book is to describe the first case of this syndrome.

Cerebral palsy is a heterogeneous condition associated with a non-progressive lesion causing permanent disorder of movement with limited mobility. It is generally associated with gross motor developmental delay. In moderate to severe cases of cerebral palsy, motor developmental milestones such as walking may never be achieved. Little is known about the pattern of cerebral palsy in Iraq. The aim of this book is to describe the pattern of cerebral palsy in a sample of Iraqi children observed by a single pediatrician in a tertiary pediatric referral center. Spastic cerebral palsy affecting all limbs (Spastic quadriplegia) accounted for about 67 % of all Iraqi children with cerebral palsy. Radiologic evidence of diffuse brain atrophy was present in more than 25% of the patients with cerebral palsy in this series. This book can also serve medical educators and medical practitioners as an atlas of cerebral palsy as it is rich in photographs.

Physicians particularly consultants are frequently placed in teaching and training positions. Many doctors are teaching medical students in medical schools and training residents in teaching and university hospitals. In addition, many doctors have an obligation to the development of their students, trainee, and their organizations. Therefore, the principles and concepts of development have become increasingly relevant to doctors running hospitals, medical schools and other health institutions and centres. This book is a useful compendium of the conceptual structure of instruction and training styles and methodologies. This book serves well as a source of information to help doctors in training their less senior colleagues in different medical and clinical settings. In addition to enabling the essential understanding of the conceptual background of the process of training in general and training of trainers, this book can also help in optimizing the effectiveness of the training designed to build a potential cadre of trainers.