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Explains current co-design and co-optimization methodologies for building hardware neural networks and algorithms for machine learning applicationsThis book focuses on how to build energy-efficient hardware for neural networks with learning capabilities--and provides co-design and co-optimization methodologies for building hardware neural networks that can learn. Presenting a complete picture from high-level algorithm to low-level implementation details, Learning in Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing: Algorithm and Architecture Co-Design also covers many fundamentals and essentials in neural networks (e.g., deep learning), as well as hardware implementation of neural networks.The book begins with an overview of neural networks. It then discusses algorithms for utilizing and training rate-based artificial neural networks. Next comes an introduction to various options for executing neural networks, ranging from general-purpose processors to specialized hardware, from digital accelerator to analog accelerator. A design example on building energy-efficient accelerator for adaptive dynamic programming with neural networks is also presented. An examination of fundamental concepts and popular learning algorithms for spiking neural networks follows that, along with a look at the hardware for spiking neural networks. Then comes a chapter offering readers three design examples (two of which are based on conventional CMOS, and one on emerging nanotechnology) to implement the learning algorithm found in the previous chapter. The book concludes with an outlook on the future of neural network hardware.* Includes cross-layer survey of hardware accelerators for neuromorphic algorithms* Covers the co-design of architecture and algorithms with emerging devices for much-improved computing efficiency* Focuses on the co-design of algorithms and hardware, which is especially critical for using emerging devices, such as traditional memristors or diffusive memristors, for neuromorphic computingLearning in Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Computing: Algorithm and Architecture Co-Design is an ideal resource for researchers, scientists, software engineers, and hardware engineers dealing with the ever-increasing requirement on power consumption and response time. It is also excellent for teaching and training undergraduate and graduate students about the latest generation neural networks with powerful learning capabilities.

Written in a clear and concise manner, this book presents readers with an in-depth discussion of the 5G technologies that will help move society beyond its current capabilities. It perfectly illustrates how the technology itself will benefit both individual consumers and industry as the world heads towards a more connected state of being. Every technological application presented is modeled in a schematic diagram and is considered in depth through mathematical analysis and performance assessment. Furthermore, published simulation data and measurements are checked.Each chapter of 5G Physical Layer Technologies contains texts, mathematical analysis, and applications supported by figures, graphs, data tables, appendices, and a list of up to date references, along with an executive summary of the key issues. Topics covered include: the evolution of wireless communications; full duplex communications and full dimension MIMO technologies; network virtualization and wireless energy harvesting; Internet of Things and smart cities; and millimeter wave massive MIMO technology. Additional chapters look at millimeter wave propagation losses caused by atmospheric gases, rain, snow, building materials and vegetation; wireless channel modeling and array mutual coupling; massive array configurations and 3D channel modeling; massive MIMO channel estimation schemes and channel reciprocity; 3D beamforming technologies; and linear precoding strategies for multiuser massive MIMO systems. Other features include:* In depth coverage of a hot topic soon to become the backbone of IoT connecting devices, machines, and vehicles* Addresses the need for green communications for the 21st century* Provides a comprehensive support for the advanced mathematics exploited in the book by including appendices and worked examples* Contributions from the EU research programmes, the International telecommunications companies, and the International standards institutions (ITU; 3GPP; ETSI) are covered in depth* Includes numerous tables and illustrations to aid the reader* Fills the gap in the current literature where technologies are not explained in depth or omitted altogether5G Physical Layer Technologies is an essential resource for undergraduate and postgraduate courses on wireless communications and technology. It is also an excellent source of information for design engineers, research and development engineers, the private-public research community, university research academics, undergraduate and postgraduate students, technical managers, service providers, and all professionals involved in the communications and technology industry.

Examines the advantages of Embedded and FO-WLP technologies, potential application spaces, package structures available in the industry, process flows, and material challengesEmbedded and fan-out wafer level packaging (FO-WLP) technologies have been developed across the industry over the past 15 years and have been in high volume manufacturing for nearly a decade. This book covers the advances that have been made in this new packaging technology and discusses the many benefits it provides to the electronic packaging industry and supply chain. It provides a compact overview of the major types of technologies offered in this field, on what is available, how it is processed, what is driving its development, and the pros and cons.Filled with contributions from some of the field's leading experts,Advances in Embedded and Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging Technologies begins with a look at the history of the technology. It then goes on to examine the biggest technology and marketing trends. Other sections are dedicated to chip-first FO-WLP, chip-last FO-WLP, embedded die packaging, materials challenges, equipment challenges, and resulting technology fusions.* Discusses specific company standards and their development results* Content relates to practice as well as to contemporary and future challenges in electronics system integration and packagingAdvances in Embedded and Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging Technologies will appeal to microelectronic packaging engineers, managers, and decision makers working in OEMs, IDMs, IFMs, OSATs, silicon foundries, materials suppliers, equipment suppliers, and CAD tool suppliers. It is also an excellent book for professors and graduate students working in microelectronic packaging research.

Provides extensive coverage of standardized QoS technologies for fixed and mobile ultra-broadband networks and services--bringing together technical, regulation, and business aspectsThe Quality of Service (QoS) has been mandatory for traditional telecommunication services such as telephony (voice) and television (TV) since the first half of the past century, however, with the convergence of telecommunication networks and services onto Internet technologies, the QoS provision remains a big challenge for all ICT services, not only for traditional ones. This book covers the standardized QoS technologies for fixed and mobile ultra-broadband networks and services, including the business aspects and QoS regulation framework, which all will have high impact on the ICTs in the current and the following decade.QoS for Fixed and Mobile Ultra-Broadband starts by introducing readers to the telecommunications field and the technology, and the many aspects of both QoS and QoE (Quality of Experience). The next chapter devotes itself to Internet QoS, starting with an overview of numerous technology protocols and finishing with business and regulatory aspects. The next three chapters look at QoS in NGN and Future Networks, QoS for fixed ultra-broadband, and QoS for mobile ultra-broadband. The book also provides readers with in-depth accounts of services in fixed and mobile ultra-broadband; broadband QoS parameters, KPIs, and measurements; network neutrality; and the QoS regulatory framework.* Comprehensively covers every aspect of QoS technology for fixed and mobile ultra-broadband networks and services, including the technology, the many regulations, and their applications in business* Explains how the QoS is transiting from the traditional telecom world to an all-IP world* Presents all the fundamentals of QoS regulation, as well as SLA regulationQoS for Fixed and Mobile Ultra-Broadband is an excellent resource for managers, engineers, and employees from regulators, ICT government organizations, telecommunication companies (operators, service providers), ICT companies, and industry. It is also a good book for students and professors from academia who are interested in understanding, implementation, and regulation of QoS for fixed and mobile ultra-broadband.

A comprehensive study in efficient multirate teletraffic loss models used for designing, performance analysis, and optimization of systems and networks This unique book provides a detailed explanation on how efficient multirate teletraffic loss models are extracted and applied, and guides readers through almost all network technologies and services. Starting from the basics, it steadily increases in difficulty to include detailed explanations of the complex teletraffic models (many of which were developed by the authors) so as to keep the book self-contained and to provide a better understanding to those who might be new to the subject. Tutorial examples are accompanied by intermediate results and figures--many models are backed by supplementary software. Additionally, end-of-chapter applications describe the applicability of the models to modern network technologies, updating the incorporated teletraffic models of commercial packages/tools. Efficient Multirate Teletraffic Loss Models Beyond Erlang is an easy-to-read book filled with numerous efficient teletraffic loss models. Presented in three sections--Teletraffic Models of Random Input, Teletraffic Models of Quasi-Random Input, and Teletraffic Models of Batched Poisson Input--it covers everything that a professional experienced with optimization and dimensioning of telecom networks could ever need to know. Uses the classic EMLM (Erlang Multirate Loss Model) as its base to present a comprehensive range of teletraffic models through detailed explanation and numerical examples Filled with the authors' own original teletraffic models--making for a wholly unique learning experience Offers a clear, self-contained presentation with a beginning, middle, and end Starts with simple models, then moves to more complex models, before finishing with complicated ones Supplemented by an accompanying website with computer implementation of the most important models Directed primarily at telecommunication engineers, Efficient Multirate Teletraffic Loss Models Beyond Erlang is also useful for telecom operators or managers on the higher and average levels, as well as Ph.D. students, researchers, and modelers.

Presents pioneering and comprehensive work on engaging movement in robotic arms, with a specific focus on neural networks This book presents and investigates different methods and schemes for the control of robotic arms whilst exploring the field from all angles. On a more specific level, it deals with the dynamic-neural-network based kinematic control of redundant robot arms by using theoretical tools and simulations. Kinematic Control of Redundant Robot Arms Using Neural Networks is divided into three parts: Neural Networks for Serial Robot Arm Control; Neural Networks for Parallel Robot Control; and Neural Networks for Cooperative Control. The book starts by covering zeroing neural networks for control, and follows up with chapters on adaptive dynamic programming neural networks for control; projection neural networks for robot arm control; and neural learning and control co-design for robot arm control. Next, it looks at robust neural controller design for robot arm control and teaches readers how to use neural networks to avoid robot singularity. It then instructs on neural network based Stewart platform control and neural network based learning and control co-design for Stewart platform control. The book finishes with a section on zeroing neural networks for robot arm motion generation. Provides comprehensive understanding on robot arm control aided with neural networks Presents neural network-based control techniques for single robot arms, parallel robot arms (Stewart platforms), and cooperative robot arms Provides a comparison of using neural networks for control purposes rather than traditional control based methods Includes simulation and modelling tasks (e.g., MATLAB) for onward application for research and engineering development By focusing on robot arm control aided by neural networks whilst examining central topics surrounding the field, Kinematic Control of Redundant Robot Arms Using Neural Networks is an excellent book for graduate students and academic and industrial researchers studying neural dynamics, neural networks, analog and digital circuits, mechatronics, and mechanical engineering.

A comprehensive review of the life cycle processes, methods, and techniques used to develop and modify software-enabled systemsSystems Engineering of Software-Enabled Systems offers an authoritative review of the most current methods and techniques that can improve the links between systems engineering and software engineering. The author--a noted expert on the topic--offers an introduction to systems engineering and software engineering and presents the issues caused by the differences between the two during development process. The book reviews the traditional approaches used by systems engineers and software engineers and explores how they differ.The book presents an approach to developing software-enabled systems that integrates the incremental approach used by systems engineers and the iterative approach used by software engineers. This unique approach is based on developing system capabilities that will provide the features, behaviors, and quality attributes needed by stakeholders, based on model-based system architecture. In addition, the author covers the management activities that a systems engineer or software engineer must engage in to manage and lead the technical work to be done. This important book:* Offers an approach to improving the process of working with systems engineers and software engineers* Contains information on the planning and estimating, measuring and controlling, managing risk, and organizing and leading systems engineering teams* Includes a discussion of the key points of each chapter and exercises for review* Suggests numerous references that provide additional readings for development of software-enabled physical systems* Provides two case studies as running examples throughout the textWritten for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and practitioners, Systems Engineering of Software-Enabled Systems offers a comprehensive resource to the traditional and current techniques that can improve the links between systems engineering and software engineering.

A GUIDE TO THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN GRID DYNAMICS AND CONTROL, HIGHLIGHTING THE ROLE OF TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION GRIDS Dynamics and Control of Electric Transmission and Microgrids offers a concise and comprehensive review of the most recent developments and research in grid dynamics and control. In addition, the authors use a new style of presentation that highlights the role of transmission and distribution grids that ensures the reliability and quality of electric power supply. The authors--noted experts in the field--offer an introduction to the topic and explore the basic characteristics and operations of the grid. The text also reviews a wealth of vital topics such as FACTS and HVDC Converter controllers, the stability and security issues of the bulk power system, loads which can be viewed as negative generation, the power limits and energy availability when distributed storage is used, and much more. This important resource: Puts the focus on the role of transmission and distribution grids that ensures the reliability and quality of electric power supply Includes modeling and control of wind and solar energy generation for secure energy transfer Presents timely coverage of on-line detection of loss of synchronism, wide area measurements and applications, wide-area feedback control systems for power swing damping and microgrids-operation and control Written for students of power system dynamics and control/electrical power industry professionals, Dynamics and Control of Electric Transmission and Microgrids is a comprehensive guide to the recent developments in grid dynamics and control and highlights the role of transmission and distribution grids that ensures the reliability and quality of electric power supply.

Provides technical and scientific descriptions of potential approaches used to achieve indoor positioning, ranging from sensor networks to more advanced radio-based systemsThis book presents a large technical overview of various approaches to achieve indoor positioning. These approaches cover those based on sensors, cameras, satellites, and other radio-based methods. The book also discusses the simplification of certain implementations, describing ways for the reader to design solutions that respect specifications and follow established techniques. Descriptions of the main techniques used for positioning, including angle measurement, distance measurements, Doppler measurements, and inertial measurements are also given.Indoor Positioning: Technologies and Performance starts with overviews of the first age of navigation, the link between time and space, the radio age, the first terrestrial positioning systems, and the era of artificial satellites. It then introduces readers to the subject of indoor positioning, as well as positioning techniques and their associated difficulties. Proximity technologies like bar codes, image recognition, Near Field Communication (NFC), and QR codes are covered--as are room restricted and building range technologies. The book examines wide area indoor positioning as well as world wide indoor technologies like High-Sensitivity and Assisted GNSS, and covers maps and mapping. It closes with the author's vision of the future in which the practice of indoor positioning is perfected across all technologies. This text:* Explores aspects of indoor positioning from both theoretical and practical points of view* Describes advantages and drawbacks of various approaches to positioning* Provides examples of design solutions that respect specifications of tested techniques* Covers infra-red sensors, lasers, Lidar, RFID, UWB, Bluetooth, Image SLAM, LiFi, WiFi, indoor GNSS, and moreIndoor Positioning is an ideal guide for technical engineers, industrial and application developers, and students studying wireless communications and signal processing.

Provides a comprehensive and updated account of WDM optical network systemsOptical networking has advanced considerably since 2010. A host of new technologies and applications has brought a significant change in optical networks, migrating it towards an all-optical network. This book places great emphasis on the network concepts, technology, and methodologies that will stand the test of time and also help in understanding and developing advanced optical network systems.The first part of Optical WDM Networks: From Static to Elastic Networks provides a qualitative foundation for what follows--presenting an overview of optical networking, the different network architectures, basic concepts, and a high-level view of the different network structures considered in subsequent chapters. It offers a survey of enabling technologies and the hardware devices in the physical layer, followed by a more detailed picture of the network in the remaining chapters. The next sections give an in-depth study of the three basic network structures: the static broadcast networks, wavelength routed networks, and the electronic/optical logically routed networks, covering the characteristics of the optical networks in the access, metropolitan area, and long-haul reach. It discusses the networking picture; network control and management, impairment management and survivability. The last section of the book covers the upcoming technologies of flex-grid and software defined optical networking.* Provides concise, updated, and comprehensive coverage of WDM optical networks* Features numerous examples and exercise problems for the student to practice* Covers, in detail, important topics, such as, access, local area, metropolitan, wide area all-optical and elastic networks* Includes protocols, design, and analysis along with the control and management of the networks* Offers exclusive chapters on advance topics to cover the present and future technological trends, such as, software defined optical networking and the flexible grid optical networksOptical WDM Networks: From Static to Elastic Networks is an excellent book for under and post graduate students in electrical/communication engineering. It will also be very useful to practicing professionals in communications, networking, and optical systems.

This book covers the design, implementation and automatic tuning of PID control systems with operational constraints. It provides students, researchers, and industrial practitioners with everything they need to know about PID control systems--from classical tuning rules and model-based design to constraints, automatic tuning, cascade control, and gain scheduled control. PID Control System Design and Automatic Tuning using MATLAB/Simulink introduces PID control system structures, sensitivity analysis, PID control design, implementation with constraints, disturbance observer-based PID control, gain scheduled PID control systems, cascade PID control systems, PID control design for complex systems, and automatic tuning and applications of PID control to unmanned aerial vehicles. It also presents resonant control systems relevant to many engineering applications. The implementation of PID control and resonant control highlights how to deal with operational constraints. Provides unique coverage of PID control of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including mathematical models of multi-rotor UAVs, control strategies of UAVs, and automatic tuning of PID controllers for UAVs Provides detailed descriptions of automatic tuning of PID control systems, including relay feedback control systems, frequency response estimation, Monte-Carlo simulation studies, PID controller design using frequency domain information, and MATLAB/Simulink simulation and implementation programs for automatic tuning Includes 15 MATLAB/Simulink tutorials, in a step-by-step manner, to illustrate the design, simulation, implementation and automatic tuning of PID control systems Assists lecturers, teaching assistants, students, and other readers to learn PID control with constraints and apply the control theory to various areas Accompanying website to include lecture slides and MATLAB/Simulink programs PID Control System Design and Automatic Tuning using MATLAB/Simulink is intended for undergraduate electrical, chemical, mechanical, and aerospace engineering students, and will greatly benefit postgraduate students, researchers, and industrial personnel who work with control systems and their applications.

A GUIDE TO THE FUNDAMENTAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONFiber Optic and Atmospheric Optical Communication offers a much needed guide to characterizing and overcoming the drawbacks associated with optical communication links that suffer from various types of fading when optical signals with information traverse these wireless (atmospheric) or wired (fiber optic) channels.The authors--noted experts on the topic--present material that aids in predicting the capacity, data rate, spectral efficiency, and bit-error-rate associated with a channel that experiences fading. They review modulation techniques and methods of coding and decoding that are useful when implementing communications systems. The book also discusses how to model the channels, including treating distortion due to the various fading phenomena. Light waves and their similarity to radio waves are explored, and the way light propagates through the atmosphere, through materials, and through the boundary between two materials is explained. This important book:* Characterizes principal optical sources and detectors, including descriptions of their advantages and disadvantages, to show how to design systems from start to finish* Provides a new method of predicting and dealing with the dispersive properties of fiber optic cables and other optical guiding structures in order to increase data stream capacity* Highlights effects of material and multimode (multi-ray) dispersion during propagation of optical signals with data through fiber optic channels* Presents modulation techniques and methods of coding and decoding that are useful when implementing communications systemsWritten for professionals dealing with optical and electro-optical communications, Fiber Optic and Atmospheric Optical Communication explores the theory and practice of optical communication both when the optical signal is propagating through the atmosphere and when it is propagating through an optical fiber.

The mobile market has experienced unprecedented growth over the last few decades. Consumer trends have shifted towards mobile internet services supported by 3G and 4G networks worldwide. Inherent to existing networks are problems such as lack of spectrum, high energy consumption, and inter-cell interference. These limitations have led to the emergence of 5G technology. It is clear that any 5G system will integrate optical communications, which is already a mainstay of wide area networks. Using an optical core to route 5G data raises significant questions of how wireless and optical can coexist in synergy to provide smooth, end-to-end communication pathways. Optical and Wireless Convergence for 5G Networks explores new emerging technologies, concepts, and approaches for seamlessly integrating optical-wireless for 5G and beyond.Considering both fronthaul and backhaul perspectives, this timely book provides insights on managing an ecosystem of mixed and multiple access network communications focused on optical-wireless convergence. Topics include Fiber-Wireless (FiWi), Hybrid Fiber-Wireless (HFW), Visible Light Communication (VLC), 5G optical sensing technologies, approaches to real-time IoT applications, Tactile Internet, Fog Computing (FC), Network Functions Virtualization (NFV), Software-Defined Networking (SDN), and many others. This book aims to provide an inclusive survey of 5G optical-wireless requirements, architecture developments, and technological solutions.

How 5G technology can support the demands of multiple vertical industriesRecent advances in technologyhave created new vertical industries that are highly dependent on the availability and reliability of data between multiple locations. The 5G system, unlike previous generations, will be entirely data driven--addressing latency, resilience, connection density, coverage area, and other vertical industry criteria. Enabling 5G Communication Systems to Support Vertical Industries demonstrates how 5G communication systems can meet the needs unique to vertical industries for efficient, cost-effective delivery of service. Covering both theory and practice, this book explores solutions to problems in specific industrial sectors including smart transportation, smart agriculture, smart grid, environmental monitoring, and disaster management.The 5G communication system will have to provide customized solutions to accommodate each vertical industry's specific requirements. Whether an industry practitioner designingthe next generation of wireless communications or a researcher needing to identify open issues and classify their research, this timely book:* Covers the much-discussed topics of supporting multiple vertical industries and new ICT challenges* Addresses emerging issues and real-world problems surrounding 5G technology in wireless communication and networking* Explores a comprehensive array of essential topics such as connected health, smart transport, smart manufacturing, and more* Presents important topics in a clear, concise style suitable for new learners and professionals alike* Includes contributions from experts and industry leaders, system diagrams, charts, tables, and examplesEnabling 5G Communication Systems to Support Vertical Industries is a valuable resource telecom engineers industry professionals, researchers, professors, doctorate, and postgraduate students requiring up-to-date information on supporting vertical industries with 5G technology systems.

A comprehensive guide to antenna design, manufacturing processes, antenna integration, and packagingAntenna-in-Package Technology and Applications contains an introduction to the history of AiP technology. It explores antennas and packages, thermal analysis and design, as well as measurement setups and methods for AiP technology. The authors--well-known experts on the topic--explain why microstrip patch antennas are the most popular and describe the myriad constraints of packaging, such as electrical performance, thermo-mechanical reliability, compactness, manufacturability, and cost. The book includes information on how the choice of interconnects is governed by JEDEC for automatic assembly and describes low-temperature co-fired ceramic, high-density interconnects, fan-out wafer level packaging-based AiP, and 3D-printing-based AiP.The book includes a detailed discussion of the surface laminar circuit-based AiP designs for large-scale mm-wave phased arrays for 94-GHz imagers and 28-GHz 5G New Radios. Additionally, the book includes information on 3D AiP for sensor nodes, near-field wireless power transfer, and IoT applications. This important book:* Includes a brief history of antenna-in-package technology* Describes package structures widely used in AiP, such as ball grid array (BGA) and quad flat no-leads (QFN)* Explores the concepts, materials and processes, designs, and verifications with special consideration for excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal performanceWritten for students in electrical engineering, professors, researchers, and RF engineers, Antenna-in-Package Technology and Applications offers a guide to material selection for antennas and packages, antenna design with manufacturing processes and packaging constraints, antenna integration, and packaging.

Presents the components, challenges, and solutions of wireless automation as enablers for industry 4.0This timely book introduces the state of the art in industrial automation techniques, concentrating on wireless methods for a variety of applications, ranging from simple smart homes to heavy-duty complex industrial setting with robotics accessibility. It covers a wide range of topics including the industrial revolution enablers, applications, challenges, their possible solutions, and future directions.Wireless Automation as an Enabler for the Next Industrial Revolution opens with an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their applications in various domains, emphasizing industrial wireless networks and their future uses. It then takes a look at life-span extension for sensor networks in the industry, followed by a chapter on multiple access and resource sharing for low latency critical industrial networks. Industrial automation is covered next, as is the subject of ultra reliable low latency communications. Other topics include: self healing in wireless networks; cost efficiency optimization for industrial automation; a non event-based approach for non-intrusive load monitoring; wireless networked control; and caching at the edge in low latency wireless networks. The book finishes with a chapter on the application of terahertz sensing at nano-scale for precision agriculture.* Introduces the future evolving dimension in industrial automation and discusses the enablers of the industrial revolution* Places particular emphasis on wireless communication techniques which make industrial automation reliable, efficient, and cost-effective* Covers many of the associated topics and concepts like robotics, AI, internet-of-things, telesurgery, and remote manufacturing* Of great interest to researchers from academia and industry who are looking at the industrial development from various perspectivesWireless Automation as an Enabler for the Next Industrial Revolution is an excellent book for telecom engineers, IoT experts, and industry professionals. It would also greatly benefit researchers, professors, and doctorate and postgraduate students involved in automation and industry 4.0.

Provides an original, detailed, and practical description of current interruption transients, origins, and the circuits involved, and shows how they can be calculatedBased on a course that has been presented by the author worldwide, this book teaches readers all about interruption transients calculation--showing how they can be calculated using only a hand calculator and Excel. It covers all the current interruption cases that occur on a power system and relates oscillatory circuit (transients) and symmetrical component theory to the practical calculation of current interruption transients as applied to circuit breaker application. The book explains all cases first in theory, and then illustrates them with practical examples.Topics featured in Current Interruption Transients Calculation, Second Edition include: RLC Circuits; Pole Factor Calculation; Terminal Faults; Short Line Faults; Inductive Load Switching; and Capacitive Load Switching. The book also features numerous appendices that cover: Differential Equations; Principle of Duality; Useful Formulae; Euler's Formula; Asymmetrical Current-Calculating Areas Under Curves; Shunt Reactor Switching; and Generator Circuit Breaker TRVs.* Offers a clear explanation of how to calculate transients without the use of specialist software, showing how four basic circuits can represent all transients* Describes every possible current interruption case that can arise on a power system, explaining them through theory and practical examples* Analyses oscillatory circuit (transients) and symmetrical component theory in detail* Takes a practical approach to the subject so engineers can use the knowledge in circuit breaker applicationsCurrent Interruption Transients Calculation, Second Edition is an ideal book for power electrical engineers, as well as transmission and distribution staff in the areas of planning and system studies, switchgear application, specification and testing, and commissioning and system operation.

Provides an extensive, up-to-date treatment of techniques used for machine condition monitoring Clear and concise throughout, this accessible book is the first to be wholly devoted to the field of condition monitoring for rotating machines using vibration signals. It covers various feature extraction, feature selection, and classification methods as well as their applications to machine vibration datasets. It also presents new methods, including machine learning and compressive sampling, which help to improve safety, reliability, and performance. Condition Monitoring with Vibration Signals: Compressive Sampling and Learning Algorithms for Rotating Machines starts by introducing readers to Vibration Analysis Techniques and Machine Condition Monitoring (MCM). It then offers readers sections covering: Rotating Machine Condition Monitoring using Learning Algorithms; Classification Algorithms; and New Fault Diagnosis Frameworks designed for MCM. Readers will learn signal processing in the time-frequency domain, methods for linear subspace learning, and the basic principles of the learning method Artificial Neural Network (ANN). They will also discover recent trends of deep learning in the field of machine condition monitoring, new feature learning frameworks based on compressive sampling, subspace learning techniques for machine condition monitoring, and much more. Covers the fundamental as well as the state-of-the-art approaches to machine condition monitoring--guiding readers from the basics of rotating machines to the generation of knowledge using vibration signals Provides new methods, including machine learning and compressive sampling, which offer significant improvements in accuracy with reduced computational costs Features learning algorithms that can be used for fault diagnosis and prognosis Includes previously and recently developed dimensionality reduction techniques and classification algorithms Condition Monitoring with Vibration Signals: Compressive Sampling and Learning Algorithms for Rotating Machines is an excellent book for research students, postgraduate students, industrial practitioners, and researchers.

Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power SystemsProvides Readers with a Better Understanding of the Requirements, Design, Test, and Safety Engineering of Spacecraft Lithium-ion Battery Power SystemsWritten by highly experienced spacecraft engineers and scientists working at the forefront of the aerospace industry, Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power Systems is one of the first books to provide a comprehensive treatment of the broad area of spacecraft lithium-ion battery (LIB) power systems technology. The work emphasizes the technical aspects across the entire lifecycle of spacecraft LIBs including the requirements, design, manufacturing, testing, and safety engineering principles needed to deploy a reliable spacecraft LIB-based electrical power system.A special focus on rechargeable LIB technologies as they apply to unmanned and crewed Earth-orbiting satellites, planetary mission spacecraft (such as orbiters, landers, rovers and probes), launch vehicle, and astronaut spacesuit applications is emphasized. Using a system's engineering approach, the book bridges knowledge gaps that typically exist between academic and industry practitioners. Key topics of discussion and learning resources include:* Detailed systematic technical treatment of spacecraft LIB-based electrical power systems across the entire LIB lifecycle* Principles of lithium-ion cell and battery design and test, LIB sizing, battery management systems, electrical power systems, safety engineering, ground and launch-site processing, and on-orbit mission operations* Special topics such as requirements engineering, qualification testing, thermal runaway hazards, dead bus events, life cycle testing and prediction analyses, on-orbit LIB power system management, and spacecraft EPS passivation strategies* Comprehensive discussion of on-orbit and emerging space applications of LIBs supporting various commercial, civil, and government spacecraft missions such as International Space Station, Galileo, James Webb Telescope, Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover, Europa Clipper, Cubesats, and moreOverall, the work provides professionals supporting all aspects of the aerospace marketplace with key knowledge and highly actionable information pertaining to LIBs and their specific applications in modern spacecraft systems.

Proposes computational models of human memory and learning using a brain-computer interfacing (BCI) approachHuman memory modeling is important from two perspectives. First, the precise fitting of the model to an individual's short-term or working memory may help in predicting memory performance of the subject in future. Second, memory models provide a biological insight to the encoding and recall mechanisms undertaken by the neurons present in active brain lobes, participating in the memorization process. This book models human memory from a cognitive standpoint by utilizing brain activations acquired from the cortex by electroencephalographic (EEG) and functional near-infrared-spectroscopic (f-NIRs) means.Cognitive Modeling of Human Memory and Learning A Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfacing Approach begins with an overview of the early models of memory. The authors then propose a simplistic model of Working Memory (WM) built with fuzzy Hebbian learning. A second perspective of memory models is concerned with Short-Term Memory (STM)-modeling in the context of 2-dimensional object-shape reconstruction from visually examined memorized instances. A third model assesses the subjective motor learning skill in driving from erroneous motor actions. Other models introduce a novel strategy of designing a two-layered deep Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) classifier network and also deal with cognitive load assessment in motor learning tasks associated with driving. The book ends with concluding remarks based on principles and experimental results acquired in previous chapters.* Examines the scope of computational models of memory and learning with special emphasis on classification of memory tasks by deep learning-based models* Proposes two algorithms of type-2 fuzzy reasoning: Interval Type-2 fuzzy reasoning (IT2FR) and General Type-2 Fuzzy Sets (GT2FS)* Considers three classes of cognitive loads in the motor learning tasks for driving learnersCognitive Modeling of Human Memory and Learning A Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfacing Approach will appeal to researchers in cognitive neuro-science and human/brain-computer interfaces. It is also beneficial to graduate students of computer science/electrical/electronic engineering.

Explore foundational concepts in blockchain theory with an emphasis on recent advances in theory and practiceIn Wireless Blockchain: Principles, Technologies and Applications, accomplished researchers and editors Bin Cao, Lei Zhang, Mugen Peng, and Muhammad Ali Imran deliver a robust and accessible exploration of recent developments in the theory and practice of blockchain technology, systems, and potential application in a variety of industrial sectors, including manufacturing, entertainment, public safety, telecommunications, public transport, healthcare, financial services, automotive, and energy utilities.The book presents the concept of wireless blockchain networks with different network topologies and communication protocols for various commonly used blockchain applications. You'll discover how these variations and how communication networks affect blockchain consensus performance, including scalability, throughput, latency, and security levels.You'll learn the state-of-the-art in blockchain technology and find insights on how blockchain runs and co-works with existing systems, including 5G, and how blockchain runs as a service to support all vertical sectors efficiently and effectively. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of:* A thorough introduction to the Byzantine Generals problem, the fundamental theory of distributed system security and the foundation of blockchain technology* An overview of advances in blockchain systems, their history, and likely future trends* Practical discussions of Proof-of-Work systems as well as various Proof-of-"X" alternatives, including Proof-of-Stake, Proof-of-Importance, and Proof-of-Authority* A concise examination of smart contracts, including trusted transactions, smart contract functions, design processes, and related applications in 5G/B5G* A treatment of the theoretical relationship between communication networks and blockchainPerfect for electrical engineers, industry professionals, and students and researchers in electrical engineering, computer science, and mathematics, Wireless Blockchain: Principles, Technologies and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of communication and computer system stakeholders, regulators, legislators, and research agencies.

An expert presentation of 5G security, privacy, and network performanceIn 5G Wireless Network Security and Privacy, a team of veteran engineers delivers a robust and accessible discussion of 5G security solutions, including physical layer security, authentication, and mobility management. In the book, the distinguished authors expertly cover the requirements of 5G wireless network security and privacy, with explorations of existing solutions and vulnerabilities from security architecture and mechanism perspectives.Readers will learn to enhance the security and network performance of 5G wireless networks in contexts like vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications, industrial automation, health services, smart cities, and smart homes. They will develop a comprehensive understanding of 5G wireless network security as they move through the book's 11 insightful chapters, developing in-depth knowledge on the current state of 5G security and coming developments in the field. Readers will also find:* A thorough introduction to legacy cellular network security, including network performance development from 1G to 4G* In-depth treatments of 5G network security, including the motivation and objectives of 5G wireless network security* Comprehensive explorations of wireless security solutions, including cryptographic approaches and physical layer security* Fulsome discussions of the security architecture of cellular networks, including 3G and 4G securityPerfect for researchers and professionals working in the field of cybersecurity and 5G wireless networks, 5G Wireless Network Security and Privacy will also earn a place in the libraries of engineers, computer scientists, and graduate students studying 5G network security and privacy.

This is the only book of its kind to focus on closed form solutions to micro-mechanical problems. This approach allows readers to easily understand the linear and nonlinear behavior of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and their design applications.

CYBERSECURITY IN INTELLIGENT NETWORKING SYSTEMSHelp protect your network system with this important reference work on cybersecurityCybersecurity and privacy are critical to modern network systems. As various malicious threats have been launched that target critical online services--such as e-commerce, e-health, social networks, and other major cyber applications--it has become more critical to protect important information from being accessed. Data-driven network intelligence is a crucial development in protecting the security of modern network systems and ensuring information privacy.Cybersecurity in Intelligent Networking Systems provides a background introduction to data-driven cybersecurity, privacy preservation, and adversarial machine learning. It offers a comprehensive introduction to exploring technologies, applications, and issues in data-driven cyber infrastructure. It describes a proposed novel, data-driven network intelligence system that helps provide robust and trustworthy safeguards with edge-enabled cyber infrastructure, edge-enabled artificial intelligence (AI) engines, and threat intelligence. Focusing on encryption-based security protocol, this book also highlights the capability of a network intelligence system in helping target and identify unauthorized access, malicious interactions, and the destruction of critical information and communication technology.Cybersecurity in Intelligent Networking Systems readers will also find:* Fundamentals in AI for cybersecurity, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, and security threats* Latest technologies in data-driven privacy preservation, including differential privacy, federated learning, and homomorphic encryption* Key areas in adversarial machine learning, from both offense and defense perspectives* Descriptions of network anomalies and cyber threats* Background information on data-driven network intelligence for cybersecurity* Robust and secure edge intelligence for network anomaly detection against cyber intrusions* Detailed descriptions of the design of privacy-preserving security protocolsCybersecurity in Intelligent Networking Systems is an essential reference for all professional computer engineers and researchers in cybersecurity and artificial intelligence, as well as graduate students in these fields.

MULTIFUNCTIONAL ANTENNAS AND ARRAYS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMSOffers an up-to-date discussion of multifunctional antennas and arrays for wireless communication systemsMultifunctional Antennas and Arrays for Wireless Communication Systems is a comprehensive reference on state-of-the-art reconfigurable antennas and 4G/5G communication antennas. The book gives a unique perspective while giving a comprehensive overview of the following topics:* Frequency reconfigurable antennas* Pattern reconfigurable antennas* Polarization reconfigurable antennas* Reconfigurable antennas using Liquid Metal, Piezoelectric, and RF MEMS* MIMO and 4G/5G wireless communication antennas* Metamaterials and metasurfaces in reconfigurable antennas* Multifunctional antennas for user equipments (UEs)* Defense related antennas and applications* Flat panel phased array antennasThe book is a valuable resource for the practicing engineer as well as for those within the research field. As wireless communications continuously evolves, more and more functionally will be required, and thus multifunctional antennas and RF systems will be necessary. These multifunctional antennas will require a degree of reconfigurability, and this book discusses various methods which enable this. The main topics of frequency, pattern, and polarization reconfigurability is first discussed. Methods utilizing unique materials and devices, both real and artificial are discussed. The book also delves into 4G/5G antennas as it relates to MIMO, and millimeter-wave phased arrays. Finally, there is a section on defense related multifunctional RF antenna systems.

Discover how the NG-RAN architecture is, and isn't, ready for the challenges introduced by 5G5G Radio Access Network Architecture: The Dark Side of 5G explores foundational and advanced topics in Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture and why a re-thinking of that architecture is necessary to support new 5G requirements. The distinguished engineer and editor Sasha Sirotkin has included numerous works written by industry insiders with state of the art research at their disposal. The book explains the relevant standards and technologies from an academic perspective, but also explains why particular standards decisions were made and how a variety of NG-RAN architecture options could be deployed in real-life networks.All major standards and technologies associated with the NG-RAN architecture are discussed in this book, including 3GPP, O-RAN, Small Cell Forum, IEEE, and IETF. Readers will learn about how a re-design of the RAN architecture would ensure that 5G networks can deliver their promised throughput and low latency KPIs consistently and sustainably.The book is structured as follows:* An overview of the market drivers of the NG-RAN architecture, like spectrum models, 5G-relevant regulatory considerations, and 5G radio interface technical requirements* An overview of the 5G System, from the core network, to the RAN, to the radio interface protocols and physical layer, with emphasis on how these are different compared to 4G* Release-15 RAN architectures defined in 3GPP, O-RAN, and Small Cell Forum* RAN architecture evolution in Release-16 and Release-17* Enabling technologies, like virtualization, open source technologies, multi-access edge (MEC) computing, and operations, administration, and management (OAM)* NG-RAN deployment considerations, objectives, and challenges, like costs, spectrum and radio propagation considerations, and coveragePerfect for network designers and operators who require a solid understanding of the NG-RAN architecture, 5G Radio Access Network Architecture also belongs on the bookshelves of network engineers who aim to increase their understanding of the standards and technologies relevant to the NG-RAN architecture.