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Moreover, the recent discoveries of the quantum Hall effect, high-Tc superconductors, and localization phenomena, along with the intr~ duction of low-dimensional materials have opened new areas and have led to a tremendous number of articles in existing journals and even new specialized journals.

(Historical Survey) The discovery of X-ray diffraction in crystals by LAUE, FRIDRICH and KNIPPING in 1912 [1.1] served as the starting pOint for the development of scientific research along a number of important lines.

In addition to its role in surface studies, inelastic tunneling has proved extremely valuable for the study of the electronic properties of thin metallic films, and the recent discovery of light emission from inelastic tunneling promises to be of some importance in the area of device physics.

Hence, both the growth of highly perfect crystals and the preparation of samples having predetermined defect-induced (extrinsic) properties require a thorough understanding of the reaction and transport mechanisms that govern crystallization from vapors, solutions and melts.

This phonon atlas presents a collection of phonon-dispersion and density-of states curves of more than a hundred insulating crystals.

In addition, a consistent analytical description of the bands near the va lence band conduction band gap was required with the aim to understand the semiconducting properties, mainly magnetotransport and magnetooptical ef fects of band electrons and of impurities.

Discovery of new transport phenomena and invention of electron devices through exploitation of these phenomena have caused a great deal of interest in the properties of compound semiconductors in recent years.

This book is an introduction to the physics of elementary excitations in condensed matter with emphasis on basic concepts and their mathematical representations. The present English edition has been translated by the authors themselves from the second, revised Japanese edition published in 1978, six years after publication of the first edition.

Silinsh has played a leading role in pOinting out the importance of the polarization energy by an excess carrier, in determining not only the character of the carrier mobility in organic crystals, but in determining the band gap and the nature of the all-important trapping site in these crystals.

This is the Proceedings of the Taniguchi International Symposium on "Relaxation of Elementary Excitations" which was held October 12-16,1979, at Susono-shi (at the foot of f1t. Third, relaxation mechanisms and relaxation constants are by spectroscopic methods as well as by genuine nonlinear optical determined phenomena.

From its early beginning before the war, the field of semiconductors has developped as a classical example where the standard approximations of 'band theory' can be safely used to study its interesting electronic properties.

r1attis published a book on "Mathematical Physics in One Dimension" [Academic Press, New York and London] which is much more than just a collection of reprints and which in fact marked the beginnings of the rapidly growing interest in one-dimensional problems and materials in the 1970's.

This volume represents the Proceedings of the Oji International Seminar on the Application of High Magnetic Fields in the Physics of Semiconductors and Magnetic Materials, which was held at the Hakone Kanko Hotel, Hakone, Japan, from 10 to 13 September 1980.

Organized by Research Institute for Fundamental Physics (RIFP), Kyoto University

Speech by Toyosaburo Taniguchi Welcome my friends to the Third International Symposium, Division on the Theory of Condensed Matter, of the Taniguchi Foundation.

"Crystal" has thus become a broad term that can help describe any solid, or just a condensed state of a substance, if the solid has a suf ficient degree of order in the arrangement of its components.

The task we set ourselves was to grasp the properties of matter as a whole in a unified scheme and to present a general view of matter incor porating the results of modern physics.

Crystals and polycrystals,composites and polymers, grids and multibar systems can be considered as examples of media with microstructure. The propagation of linear and nonlinear waves in dispersive media, static problems, and the theory of defects are considered in detail.

The present book is an ideal continuation of this series, as it contains most of the invited and contributed papers of the Trieste International Con ference on the Physics of Intercalation Compounds, held in Trieste, Italy during the week 6-10 July 1981.

This two-volume treatment grew out of lectures the author gave at the "Ecole Poly technique Federale de Lausanne" during the years 1975-1980 for graduate students in experimental physics in their last year of study.

In introductory solid-state physics texts we are introduced to the concept of a perfect crystalline solid with every atom in its proper place.

Early in this century, the newly discovered x-ray diffraction by crystals made a complete change in crystallography and in the whole science of the atomic structure of matter, thus giving a new impetus to the development of solid-state physics.

Modern Crystallography IV is devoted to a systematic and up- to-date description of fundamental physical properties of solid and liquid crystals.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Fourth Taniguchi International Symposium on the Theory of Condensed Matter, which was held at Senkari Semi nar House of Kwansei Gakuin Universi~y in Sanda-shi, Japan, during the period of 3-8 November 1981.

The simplifications of band-structure calculations which are now referred to as linear methods were introduced by Ole K. The present book is intended to give a reasonably complete description of one particular linear method, the Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (LMTO) method, without losing sight of the physical content of the technique.

The development of the physiCS of topologically disorderd systems, though extremely important fundamentally and for application purposes, falls far behind compared to that of other kinds of disorderd systems because the structure characterization of topologically disordered systems is still at a rather primitive stage.

The investigation of the properties of nonlinear systems is one of the fast deve loping areas of physics.