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This atlas is a selection of roentgenograms of patients who visited the radiology departments at the University Hospital in Leiden between 1970 and 1978, the Free University Hospital in Amsterdam in 1979, and the radiology department at the Indiana University Medical School in Indianapolis in 1977.

In 1977 a Philips Tomoscan 200, second generation, whole body CT scanner was installed at the Department of Radiodiagnosis of the University Hospital of Utrecht (The Netherlands) and its new possibilities concerning the measurements of bone mineral content (BMC) had been considered.

The liver blood flow disorders are usually described under the term 'portal hypertension', which is a well known syndrome since it has been widely studied for years from a clinical, radiological and therapeutic point of view.

Computed tomography is presently reaching maturity with its high-resolution reconstruction programs, as a result of which conventional tomography has definitely been surpassed.

Quite deliberately, this book only includes the occasional CT scan or angiography for comparison, to avoid the temptation of falling back on other modalities and of escaping from the often more difficult to interpret, but in the end more rewarding MR images.

tic knowledge, a multidisciplinary approach is indis Over the past 60 years, radiology has progressively uncovered the human body. Cerebral convolutions, orbital content, bone mar that of the computer, which is helpful in making row, the face and all its bones can now be made visi diagnoses.

tic knowledge, a multidisciplinary approach is indis Over the past 60 years, radiology has progressively uncovered the human body. Cerebral convolutions, orbital content, bone mar that of the computer, which is helpful in making row, the face and all its bones can now be made visi diagnoses.

When compiling the present atlas our aim has been to provide the practis ing radiotherapist with a handbook which would help him to plan the radiation therapy of tumours of individual organs. Apart from a few ex ceptions, all isodose charts in this atlas show dose distributions resulting from external irradiation.

It is an atlas aimed only at teaching one how to read an interpret phlebograms, and is of considerable importance as it represents the standard investigatory method used to check the reliability of other diagnostic methods concerning venous circulation.

Magnetic resonance imaging has already become a most valuable imaging modality in the diagnostic work-up of musculoskeletal neoplasms. The results presented are based on investigations of 94 primary bone and soft tissue tumors and mimicking conditions by magnetic resonance imaging.

Complex disorders of the carbohydrate metabolism and associated complications cause many abnormalities detectable by radiography in the bones and joints. Mild clinical symptoms associated with very severe radiological changes were first rec ognized in relation to the gastroenterologic complications of diabetes.

The purpose of this book is to explain the current state of the art in radiological examination, interpretation, and understanding of colonic disease. Digital examination and sigmoidoscopy are the first procedures in examination of the colon.

Over ten years ago CT made a major impact on laryngeal examination because it was the first time that Radiologists were beginning to look at submucosal disease. CT is still an excellent method of examining the larynx but it is unfortunately limited to the axial plane.

Magnetic resonance is a safe, non-invasive technique which can be used to produce high resolution, thin tomographic slices in any chosen plane, or true three-dimensional blocks of information.

Recent advances in surgical procedures for the management of focal liver diseases have greatly increased the demand for diagnostic accuracy. Against this background, a workshop was held to explore the current methods of diagnostic imaging of the liver and to try and establish a profile for the future liver specific contrast media.

Over the last few decades, angiography has devel careful analysis of his angiographic findings and a oped enormously and an extensive literature has very thorough description of vascular anatomy been published on the subject.

Recent advances in surgical procedures for the management of focal liver diseases have greatly increased the demand for diagnostic accuracy. Against this background, a workshop was held to explore the current methods of diagnostic imaging of the liver and to try and establish a profile for the future liver specific contrast media.

Most endosonoscopic probes connect to existing scanners, and for radiology departments, the invest ment for transrectal or transvaginal scanning will usually be limited to the purchase of the specific probe.

Carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a common (in the USA it is the fifth most common form of cancer in males and tenth most common form of cancer in females) malignan cy and one in which noninvasive staging by imaging plays such an important role.

Publication of this book has been stimulated by 15 performed and duodenal abnormalities thus not years experience with contrast fluid irrigation visualised, occurred frequently.

Most endosonoscopic probes connect to existing scanners, and for radiology departments, the invest ment for transrectal or transvaginal scanning will usually be limited to the purchase of the specific probe.

Carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a common (in the USA it is the fifth most common form of cancer in males and tenth most common form of cancer in females) malignan cy and one in which noninvasive staging by imaging plays such an important role.

J.J. Broerse, Radiobiological Institute TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands, and T .J. MacVittie, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. During the past decade, relatively few new studies have been initiated on the response of different species to high-dose, total-body irradia­ tion. For information on the LDSO/30d (the dose which produces 50 percent lethality within 30 days), one is generally referred to the older literature (e. g., Bond, Fliedner and Archambeau, 1965). Compari­ son of experimental data reveals considerable variations in LDSD values even after total-body irradiation with conventional X rays, ranging from 4 to 6 Gy in the monkey, 7.1 to 9 Gy in the rat and from 6.4 to 9 Gy in the mouse (see also Hall, 1978). Part of the discrepancy in the LDso values can possibly be attributed to inadequacies in the dosimetry procedures and exposure arrangements employed. As far as clinical experience is concerned, there is now an appreciable amount of information available about the effect of total­ body irradiation as a conditioning treatment for bone marrow transplan­ tation in patients suffering from leukaemia or aplastic anaemia. The results from different centres, including the incidence of complications such as radiation pneumonitis, are considerably different. This can part I y be connected with the application of different radiation sched­ ules: large single dose versus fractionated or protracted irradiation.