Bøger i New Mathematical Monographs serien

The study of higher categories is attracting growing interest for its many applications in topology, algebraic geometry, mathematical physics and category theory. Following an extensive discussion of many current approaches, Carlos Simpson explains the first concrete and workable theory of n-categories in detail.

This is the first book in English on Bruhat-Tits theory, an important topic in number theory, representation theory, and algebraic geometry. A comprehensive account of the theory, it can serve both as a reference for researchers in the field and as a thorough introduction for graduate students and early career mathematicians.

Factorization algebras are local-to-global objects that play a role in classical and quantum field theory which is similar to the role of sheaves in geometry: they conveniently organize complicated information. Their local structure encompasses examples like associative and vertex algebras; in these examples, their global structure encompasses Hochschild homology and conformal blocks. In this first volume, the authors develop the theory of factorization algebras in depth, but with a focus upon examples exhibiting their use in field theory, such as the recovery of a vertex algebra from a chiral conformal field theory and a quantum group from Abelian Chern-Simons theory. Expositions of the relevant background in homological algebra, sheaves and functional analysis are also included, thus making this book ideal for researchers and graduates working at the interface between mathematics and physics.

Discriminant equations are an important class of Diophantine equations with close ties to algebraic number theory, Diophantine approximation and Diophantine geometry. This book is the first comprehensive account of discriminant equations and their applications. It brings together many aspects, including effective results over number fields, effective results over finitely generated domains, estimates on the number of solutions, applications to algebraic integers of given discriminant, power integral bases, canonical number systems, root separation of polynomials and reduction of hyperelliptic curves. The authors' previous title, Unit Equations in Diophantine Number Theory, laid the groundwork by presenting important results that are used as tools in the present book. This material is briefly summarized in the introductory chapters along with the necessary basic algebra and algebraic number theory, making the book accessible to experts and young researchers alike.

Written by a leading expert in the field, this book presents the classical theory of convergence of semigroups and then uses real examples to show how it can be applied to models of mathematical biology as well as other branches of mathematics.

Published in two volumes, this is the first book to provide a systematic explanation of symplectic topology, and the analytical details and techniques used in applying the machinery arising from Floer theory as a whole. Volume 2 provides a comprehensive introduction to both Hamiltonian Floer theory and Lagrangian Floer theory.

Published in two volumes, this is the first book to provide a thorough and systematic explanation of symplectic topology, and the analytical details and techniques used in applying the machinery arising from Floer theory as a whole. Volume 1 covers the basic materials of Hamiltonian dynamics and symplectic geometry and the analytic foundations of Gromov's pseudoholomorphic curve theory. One novel aspect of this treatment is the uniform treatment of both closed and open cases and a complete proof of the boundary regularity theorem of weak solutions of pseudo-holomorphic curves with totally real boundary conditions. Volume 2 provides a comprehensive introduction to both Hamiltonian Floer theory and Lagrangian Floer theory. Symplectic Topology and Floer Homology is a comprehensive resource suitable for experts and newcomers alike.

This is the first systematic exposition of basic Floer homology theory and its applications to symplectic topology as a whole. In two volumes, it provides a comprehensive resource suitable for experts and newcomers alike.

This comprehensive treatment in two volumes is accessible to graduate students as well as researchers. It covers all of the preliminary subjects required to fully understand and appreciate this beautiful branch of mathematics, such as Hardy spaces, Fourier analysis and Carleson measures. Volume 2 focuses on the central theory.

Graduate students and researchers alike will benefit from this treatment of classical and modern topics in homotopy theory of topological spaces with an emphasis on cubical diagrams. The book contains 300 examples and provides detailed explanations of many fundamental results. Part I focuses on foundational material on homotopy theory, viewed through the lens of cubical diagrams: fibrations and cofibrations, homotopy pullbacks and pushouts, and the Blakers-Massey Theorem. Part II includes a brief example-driven introduction to categories, limits and colimits, an accessible account of homotopy limits and colimits of diagrams of spaces, and a treatment of cosimplicial spaces. The book finishes with applications to some exciting new topics that use cubical diagrams: an overview of two versions of calculus of functors and an account of recent developments in the study of the topology of spaces of knots.

Analysis on metric spaces emerged in the 1990s as an independent research field providing a unified treatment of first-order analysis in diverse and potentially nonsmooth settings. Based on the fundamental concept of upper gradient, the notion of a Sobolev function was formulated in the setting of metric measure spaces supporting a Poincare inequality. This coherent treatment from first principles is an ideal introduction to the subject for graduate students and a useful reference for experts. It presents the foundations of the theory of such first-order Sobolev spaces, then explores geometric implications of the critical Poincare inequality, and indicates numerous examples of spaces satisfying this axiom. A distinguishing feature of the book is its focus on vector-valued Sobolev spaces. The final chapters include proofs of several landmark theorems, including Cheeger's stability theorem for Poincare inequalities under Gromov-Hausdorff convergence, and the Keith-Zhong self-improvement theorem for Poincare inequalities.

This monograph provides a comprehensive treatment of the theory of pseudo-reductive groups and gives their classification in a usable form. This second edition has been revised and updated, with Chapter 9 being completely rewritten via the useful new notion of 'minimal type' for pseudo-reductive groups.

This categorical perspective on homotopy theory helps consolidate and simplify one's understanding of derived functors, homotopy limits and colimits, and model categories, among others.

This rich mathematical text will help both graduate students and researchers master modern topology and domain theory, the key mathematics behind the semantics of computer languages. It deals with elementary and advanced concepts of topology and the theory is illuminated by many examples, figures and more than 450 exercises.

An H(b) space is defined as a collection of analytic functions which are in the image of an operator. The theory of H(b) spaces bridges two classical subjects: complex analysis and operator theory, which makes it both appealing and demanding. The first volume of this comprehensive treatment is devoted to the preliminary subjects required to understand the foundation of H(b) spaces, such as Hardy spaces, Fourier analysis, integral representation theorems, Carleson measures, Toeplitz and Hankel operators, various types of shift operators, and Clark measures. The second volume focuses on the central theory. Both books are accessible to graduate students as well as researchers: each volume contains numerous exercises and hints, and figures are included throughout to illustrate the theory. Together, these two volumes provide everything the reader needs to understand and appreciate this beautiful branch of mathematics.

In this book the author illustrates the power of the theory of subcartesian differential spaces for investigating spaces with singularities. The book covers applications in pure and applied mathematics and in mechanics, and it will interest researchers and graduate students in these areas.

Hilbert's Tenth Problem - to find an algorithm to determine whether a polynomial equation in several variables with integer coefficients has integer solutions - was shown to be unsolvable in the late sixties. This book presents an account of results extending Hilbert's Tenth Problem to integrally closed subrings of global fields.

This is a unified exposition of the theory of symmetric designs with emphasis on recent developments. The authors cover the combinatorial aspects of the theory giving particular attention to the construction of symmetric designs and related objects. For all researchers in combinatorial designs, coding theory, and finite geometries.

The first authored book to be dedicated to the new field of directed algebraic topology that arose in the 1990s, in homotopy theory and in the theory of concurrent processes. The author presents its mathematical foundations, demonstrating its relation to classical algebraic topology, and explores its varied applications.

Students learning the subject from scratch will value this comprehensive text, which presents three major types of dynamics, from the basics to some of the latest results: measure preserving transformations; continuous maps on compact spaces; and operators on function spaces. It will also be a valuable reference for experienced researchers.

This is a coherent explanation for the existence of the 26 known sporadic simple groups originally arising from many unrelated contexts. The given proofs build on the intimate relations between general group theory, ordinary character theory, modular representation theory and algorithmic algebra described in the first volume.

This self-contained 2010 account of the state of the art in classical complex multiplication provides an exhaustive treatment of the theory of elliptic functions, modular functions and quadratic number fields. The reader will find all the necessary background and tools they will need in this book.

The most modern and thorough treatment of unstable homotopy theory available. The focus is on those methods from algebraic topology which underlie the work of Cohen, Moore, and the author. Suitable for a course in unstable homotopy theory, it is also a valuable reference for experts and graduate students alike.

This book presents the theory of free ideal rings (firs) in detail. Particular emphasis is placed on rings with a weak algorithm, exemplified by free associative algebras, and there is also a full account of localization. Each chapter has a number of exercises plus open problems and historical notes.

Property (T) is a rigidity property for topological groups, first formulated by D. Kazhdan in the mid 1960's with the aim of demonstrating that a large class of lattices are finitely generated. Later developments have shown that Property (T) plays an important role in an amazingly large variety of subjects, including discrete subgroups of Lie groups, ergodic theory, random walks, operator algebras, combinatorics, and theoretical computer science. This monograph offers a comprehensive introduction to the theory. It describes the two most important points of view on Property (T): the first uses a unitary group representation approach, and the second a fixed point property for affine isometric actions. Via these the authors discuss a range of important examples and applications to several domains of mathematics. A detailed appendix provides a systematic exposition of parts of the theory of group representations that are used to formulate and develop Property (T).

This 2007 book provides a comprehensive treatment of Floer homology, based on the Seiberg-Witten equations. Suitable for beginning graduate students and researchers in the field, this book provides a full discussion of a central part of the study of the topology of manifolds.

Detailing the main methods in the theory of involutive systems of complex vector fields this book examines the major results from the last twenty five years in the subject. One of the key tools of the subject - the Baouendi-Treves approximation theorem - is proved for many function spaces. This in turn is applied to questions in partial differential equations and several complex variables. Many basic problems such as regularity, unique continuation and boundary behaviour of the solutions are explored. The local solvability of systems of partial differential equations is studied in some detail. The book provides a solid background for others new to the field and also contains a treatment of many recent results which will be of interest to researchers in the subject.

Diophantine geometry has been studied by number theorists for thousands of years, since the time of Pythagoras, and has continued to be a rich area of ideas such as Fermat's Last Theorem, and most recently the ABC conjecture. This monograph is a bridge between the classical theory and modern approach via arithmetic geometry. The authors provide a clear path through the subject for graduate students and researchers. They have re-examined many results and much of the literature, and give a thorough account of several topics at a level not seen before in book form. The treatment is largely self-contained, with proofs given in full detail. Many results appear here for the first time. The book concludes with a comprehensive bibliography. It is destined to be a definitive reference on modern diophantine geometry, bringing a new standard of rigor and elegance to the field.

During the last two decades several remarkable new results were discovered about harmonic measure in the complex plane. This book provides a careful survey of these results and an introduction to the branch of analysis which contains them. Many of these results, due to Bishop, Carleson, Jones, Makarov, Wolff and others, appear here in paperback for the first time. The book is accessible to students who have completed standard graduate courses in real and complex analysis. The first four chapters provide the needed background material on univalent functions, potential theory, and extremal length, and each chapter has many exercises to further inform and teach the readers.

In this 2004 book, Cabanes and Enguehard blend many of the main concerns of modern algebra, with full proofs of some of the most remarkable achievements in the area. Three main themes are evident: first, applications of etale cohomology; second, the Dipper-James theorems; finally, local representation theory.