Bøger i Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development serien

This monographs brings together theory and research about atypical attachments in infants and young children at developmental risk, illustrating some of the key issues in cases that do not fit traditional attachment patterns. Conceptual issues for future research are also discussed.

This monograph examines the interplay between behavioral and cognitive representations of attachmet during early childhood. We track the continued development of secure base support and use while assessing maternal co-construction processes and thier joint impact on children's secure base behavior and attachment representations. First, our investigation establishes that smoothly interacting dyads have mothers who continue to provide secure base support and children who use them as secure base across early childhood (mother sensitivity-child security links). Furthermore, the patterning of children's secure base behavior when interacting with the mother is related to the structure of children's knowledge about secure base relationships. Second, we introduce mother co-construction skills and evaluate their impact on the mother child relationship. Using two different co-construction tasks, we scored maternal co-construction in terms of skills that promote secure base script knowledge. Both tasks were related to maternal AAI coherence and attachment script knowledge. In addition, studies showed that maternal co-construction skills make unique contributions to both child secure base behvior and child script knowledge. Findings support the hypothesis that mothers' cognitive/verbal co-constructive skills during conversations about attachment and emotion-laden situations play a key role in organization of children's attachment behavior and representations. Finally, we demonstrate that maternal script knowledge not only impacts children's script knowledge (intergenerational transmission), but guides mothers' expectations and judgements of mother-child interactions. Throughout this monograph, we stress the importance of an interpersonal approach when investigating attachment relationships during early childhood, where mother-child interactions and communication about attachment-related issues are considered key to unveil co-constructive processes involved in the child's behavioral and cognitive organization of attachment relationships.

* Looks at what parents and other caregivers can do to facilitate healthy development in adolescents. * Reports on research that addresses the limitations of the three most widely accepted dimensions of parenting: support, behavior control, and psychological control.

This Monograph reports a series of ten studies on the social-cognitive abilities of three young chimpanzees, ages to four years. * Compares outcomes to similar studies conducted on human infacts for a comparative understanding.

This Monograph examines the role that children's questions play in their cognitive development.

We present a domain-general framework called constrained attentional associative learning to provide a developmental account for how and when infants form concepts for animates and inanimates that encapsulate not only their surface appearance but also their movement characteristics.

Study moderators examined interactions between children's parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems (PNS and SNS) activity in order to achieve a greater specificity in the prediction of externalizing problems in the context of interparental conflict.

Undertaken at orphanages in Russia, this study tests the role of early social and emotion experience in the development of children.

Despite the importance of learning abilities and disabilities in education and child development, little is known about their genetic and environmental origins in the early school years.

This Monograph demonstrates that disruptions to young people's developing conceptions of personal or cultural persistence begin to explain the suicide rates among Aboriginal Canadian and non-Aboriginal Canadian youth.

This work addresses three questions - how can we best describe childhood personality? How is personality related to the child's successes and failures? And what sort of factors are related to personality development?

This book represents a test to the hypothesis that vocal rhythm coordination at four months of age predicts attachment and cognition at age 12 months. The findings show that high coordination can index more or less optimal outcomes, as a function of outcome measure, partner, and site.

This monograph presents a new view of locomotor development - the processes involved in acquiring adaptive mobility. It reports a longitudinal investigation of infants' ability to adapt movements to variations in the terrain and to changes in their physical capabilities.

This monograph studies research conducted for the purpose of investigating the growth of recognition vocabulary during the early and middle elementary school years in relation to the development of morphological knowledge.

Temperament has been a central element of the on-going effort to describe the distinctiveness of persons at every stage of development. Many researchers have examined the relations of temperament to emotions, behavior, and adjustment generally.

* tests the theory that high levels of conflict between parents leads to an increased child risk for mental health difficulties; * outlines and explores signs of child insecurity; * includes commentary by Jennifer M. Jenkins. .

The research reported in this Monograph documents the narrative accounts and moral evaluations that children between the ages of 5 and 16 made of incidents in which they had been the targets of their peers' unfair or harmful actions and incidents in which they had been those inflicting harm on their peers.

Adolescence is often thought of as a period during which parent-child interactions can be relatively stressed and conflictual. There are individual differences in this regard, however, with only a modest percent of youth experiencing extremely conflictual relationships with their parents.

Research suggests chimpanzees may understand some of the epitemological aspects of visual perception, such as how the perceptual act of seeing can have internal several interpretations. These 15 studies were conducted with chimpanzees and young children on their understanding of visual perception.

This Monograph addresses three questions: a) Can distinct trajectories of physical aggression be identified in children from 24 months to third grade? b) Do child and family characteristics and child care experiences predict membership in the trajectory groups? c) Do trajectory groups differ in their levels of academic and social functioning in third grade?

The medium of television, although a daily part of most modern lives, remains mysterious in the manner it may influence its audience. At the center of this mysery lies the debate of content vs. medium without regard to its content.

The Intentionality Model builds on the childa s engagement in a world of persons and objects, the effort that learning language requires, and the essential tension between engagement and effort that propels language acquisition.

This monograph concerns the psychological processes underlying the development of executive function, or the conscious control of thought and action. It has long been clear that these processes change considerably in early childhood, transforming a relatively stimulus--driven toddler into a child capable of flexible, goal--directed problem solving.

A monograph that looks at how mothers and young children talk about gender, to discover the potential role of language in fostering gender stereotypes.

This work presents a theory of cognitive development, arguing that the mind develops across three fronts: a general processing system that defines the general potentials of mind to develop cognitive strategies and skills; a hypercognitive system that governs self-understanding; and self-regulation.

The attachment bond that develops between infant and mother is the first of many intimate relationships we form throughout life, and as such it has been the focus of much research. But how does the quality of the secure base phenomena that defines this bond vary among individuals and across cultures? What methods can be used to asses its presence and characteristics? Following an interview with Mary S. Ainsworth, the originator of the concept of secure base, this new Monograph brings together eleven papers that consolidate our understanding of the empirical advances that have occurred in attachment research. The collection is organized into three sections. Part One includes papers on the generalizability of attachment theory and data, including cross-cultural research. Part Two addresses both normative and individual differences among mothers, children, caregivers, and their interactions--and methods for the valid assessment of these. Part Three examines the mental representations that children use to depict their different attachment relationships. Together these papers will stimulate child development specialists and students to explore different assessment methods and to move beyond current understandings of attachment.

Formulates a theoretical system that integrates information processing, individual differences, and developmental approaches to the study of the mind. This book explores relations among information processing efficiency, working memory, and thinking of children 8 to 16 years of age.

This monograph presents a longitudinal investigation of child development and family well-being during the first decade of life for children with Down syndrome, motor impairment, or developmental delay of uncertain etiology. The findings suggest that changes in selected policies and practices can improve outcomes for children with disabilities.