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Examines the best of the best of sonic logos from the people who gave them notes. Whether you consider them to be music to your ears or earworms, these are the ten most noteworthy sonic logos of all time and one future hall of famer.

Written in an accessible style, the fully revised second edition of this bestseller aims to show how much science there is in ice cream.

This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature. Chapters highlight microkinetic modeling, encapsulated metals for confined catalysis, recent advances on the direct decomposition of NOx and heteropolyacid catalysts. There is also a chapter reviewing methods for estimating adsorption energies on catalytic surfaces, which will provide information from both fundamental and technological points of view. Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, the detailed chapters bridge the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry, not only for the catalysis field, but also for environmental protection. The book will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.

This annual review of the literature provides a comprehensive and critical survey of a vast field of study involving organophosphorus compounds, ranging from phosphines, their chalcogenide derivatives and phosphonium salts, phosphorus (III) acid derivatives, phosphorus (V) acids, penta- and hexa-coordinated phosphorus compounds, phosphazenes and related phosphorus-nitrogen bonded compounds. Coverage in applications as reagents in green synthetic procedures is also given. With an emphasis on interdisciplinary content, this book will appeal to the worldwide organic chemistry and engineering research communities.

The field of nanoscience continues to grow and, with such a vast landscape of material, careful distillation of the most important discoveries will help researchers find the key information they require. Nanoscience provides a critical and comprehensive assessment of the most recent research and opinion from across the globe. Topics covered in this volume include 2D materials for Li-ion batteries, porous organic polymers as an emerging platform for photocatalytic water splitting, smart materials for gas detection and monitoring and redox enzyme-mimicking nanomaterials.Covering energy, biological and nanomaterials applications, this volume appeals to anyone practising in nano-allied fields, or wishing to enter the nano-world. Readers will benefit from this resource as they are presented with the current thought and applications of nanoscience.

Wang Wei has traditionally been considered one of the greatest of Tang dynasty poets, together with Li Bo and Du Fu. This is the first complete translation into English of all of his poems, and also the first substantial translation of a selection of his prose writings. For the first time, readers encountering his work in English translation will get a comprehensive understanding of Wang Wei's range as a poet and prose writer. In spite of the importance of Wang Wei's poetry in the history of Chinese literature, no one has attempted a complete translation of all of his surviving poems; moreover, even though he was known for his skill in composing prose pieces in the recognized genres of his day (especially as a writer of commissioned compositions), very little of his prose has been translated. This translation will enable students with limited or no knowledge of Chinese to get a full sense of Wang Wei's compositional range. Moreover, since Wang Wei was known for being a devout Buddhist, having the complete poetry available in reliable translation as well as all of the prose that is connected to the Buddhist faith will be useful to students of Chinese religion.

Das vorliegende Buch führt in gängige Theorieperspektiven der Disziplin Internationale Beziehungen ein, ohne dabei den Stil und die Strategie verfügbarer Einführungen in diese Materie zu kopieren. Ziel ist es, den Studierenden die eigenständige Arbeit mit den Theorien der IB zu erleichtern.Für die eigenständige Arbeit mit den Theorien ist es grundlegend, sowohl die Aussagenlogik, als auch die Argumentationslogik der Theorien bezüglich konkreter historischer Ereignisse zu verstehen. Das Buch bietet die Voraussetzungen hierfür.

Software-Ergonomie ist die Wissenschaft von der benutzer- und anwendungsgerechten Gestaltung der Mensch-Computer-Schnittstelle. Betrachtungen und Empfehlungen der Software-Ergonomie müssen eine Vielzahl wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen einbeziehen, insbesondere Physiologie, Psychologie, Arbeitswissenschaften und Informatik. Trotz des hohen Stellenwerts computerbasierter Werkzeuge verfügen ihre Entwickler nur selten über das notwendige ergonomische Hintergrundwissen. Dieses Buch ist eine wissenschaftliche, aber leicht lesbare Einführung in die Software-Ergonomie. Es ist kein "Kochbuch für Programmierer", sondern eine methodische Einführung in die wesentlichen Aspekte der Mensch-Computer-Kommunikation.

Das Nordatlantische Bündnis war immer auch ein politischer und wirtschaftlicher Staatenverbund, der auf eine Kooperation angelegt war, die weit über den Bereich der eigentlichen Sicherheitspolitik hinausstrebte. Neben dem weltpolitischen Umfeld, dem Ost-West-Konflikt und den darin wirksamen Bedrohungsperzeptionen verdient daher die innere, atlantische Perspektive in der Formationsphase des Bündnisses besondere historische Beachtung. Diese interne Perspektive des Bündnisses kann als Verstrickung von europäischer und amerikanischer Politik unter Aufgabe nationaler Souveränitätsrechte definiert werden. In diese Perspektive muß der zur nordamerikanisch westeuropäischen Sicherheitsintegration parallel und nicht immer spannungsfrei verlaufende Prozeß der westeuropäischen Integration einbezogen werden. Diese breite historische Aufarbeitung der Formationsphase des Nordatlantischen Bündnisses erscheint nicht zuletzt aus aktuellen politischen Gründen bedeutsam. Mit Blick auf die dramatischen Umbrüche in den Staaten Mittel- und Osteuropas, die die internationale Nachkriegsordnung in Frage stellen, eröffnen sich Perspektiven für die Rückkehr dieser Staaten nach Europa.

In den Jahren 1973¿1993 wurden im Rahmen der Stadtgrabung in der Wohnstadt Pergamons auch rund 5.400 Terrakottafragmente ausgegraben, die in der Mehrzahl vermutlich als Hausinventar gedient haben und überwiegend aus der hellenistischen Epoche und der römischen Kaiserzeit stammen. 1030 thematisch äußerst vielfältige Stücke wurden für den Katalog dieser Arbeit ausgewählt. Für die Einordnung der nun komplett und ausführlich vorgelegten Stadtgrabungsterrakotten wurden viele ältere und neuere Terrakotten aus anderen Grabungen in Pergamon in die Betrachtungen einbezogen. Der Band erhält so eine Übersicht über die Themen und Kontexte der bekannten pergamenischen Terrakotten. Die in der Stadtgrabung gefundenen Terrakotten sind Ausdruck einer regen städtischen Produktion und Nachfrage. Die Göttermutter (Kybele) ist die am häufigsten abgebildete Gottheit, gefolgt von Aphrodite- und Erosdarstellungen und Bildern des dionysischen Themenkreises. Wichtige Gottheiten wie Asklepios und Athena, denen die größten und bedeutendsten Heiligtümer in der Stadt geweiht waren, waren in der wohnstädtischen Koroplastik ein auffällig nachrangiges Thema. Für die Terrakotten der Stadtgrabung konnte eine Reihe von Vergleichsstücken aus anderen Regionen ermittelt werden, von Myrina über Athen bis Unteritalien. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt in diesem Buch auf den überaus engen Verbindungen zur Sepulkralkoroplastik Myrinas.

Fiktionalität ist ein zentrales und vieldiskutiertes Konzept der Literaturwissenschaft, spielt aber auch in zahlreichen anderen gesellschaftlichen Diskursen und Praktiken eine Rolle, von Moraldiskussionen über Politik und Recht bis hin zu den Wissenschaften. Der Band erschließt im ersten Teil Phänomene und Begriffe von Fiktionalität aus literaturwissenschaftlicher Sicht systematisch und historisch, wobei Beiträge aus verschiedene Philologien vertreten sind.Im interdisziplinär angelegten zweiten Teil lotet er die Bedeutung von Fiktionalität in nicht-literarischen Zusammenhängen, Praktiken und Theorietraditionen aus und versammelt Artikel aus Ethnologie, Theologie, Geschichtswissenschaft, Rechtswissenschaft, Politikwissenschaft, Soziologie und Psychologie. Insgesamt rücken Aspekte der Medialität und sozialen Praktiken in den Vordergrund, und Begriffe wie 'fiktional' und 'Fiktionalität' werden in ihrer Differenz zu anderen Konzepten wie Authentizität, nicht-fiktional, real etc. verstanden.Damit verschafft das Handbuch einen Überblick über vielfältige Aspekte von Fiktionalität für ein breites Fachpublikum literaturwissenschaftlicher und anderer Disziplinen von fortgeschrittenen Studierenden bis zu Spezialisten.

What is the boundary between lying and (intentionally) misleading? How does perjury differ from a garden-variety lie? In these fourteen essays, distinguished linguists, philosophers, cognitive scientists, and legal scholars draw on theoretical and empirical studies to map the landscape of falsehood, deception, and perjury and to survey practices of manipulation through puffery, bluffing and bullshit in courtrooms, politics, and everyday life.

Contemporary data analytics involves extracting insights from large volumes of data and translating these insights into action to enhance knowledge and practice. Combining tutorial-style chapters and empirical studies, this collection of papers explains the distinction between data analytics and statistics as typically conceived, and shows how data analytic approaches can inform different areas of cognitive linguistic research and application.

This volume contains in-depths analyses of language contact situations involving one of the ecclesiatical languages of the Slavic speaking area, namely Greek, Latin and Church Slavonic. It thereby offers important insights into the mechanisms and idiosyncrasies of literacy contact in contrast to face-to-face-contact.

This volume presents a range of ELF pragmatics-related topics by leading scholars worldwide. These contributions present new work in ELF pragmatics that extend the current state of the field, and introduce work from other areas of pragmatics that translate readily to analysis of ELF interaction. A number of chapters are Asia-focused, examining pragmatic aspects of communication among ELF users in that so far under-explored region.

The eleven chapters in this international volume draw on a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches to focus our attention on medieval and early modern things (ca. 700¿1600). The range of things includes actual objects (the Altenburg Crucifixion, a copy of Hieronymus Brunschwig¿s Liber de arte distillandi, a pilgrim¿s letter), imagined objects (a prayed cloak for the Virgin Mary), and narrative objects in texts (the Alliterative Morte Arthure, the Ordene de Chevalerie, Hartmann von Aue¿s Erec, Heinrich of Neustadt¿s Apollonius of Tyre, Luís de Camões¿s Os Lusíadas, and the vita of Saint Guthlac). Each in its own way, the papers consider how things do what they do in texts and art, often foregrounding the intersection between the material and the immaterial by exploring such questions as how things act, how they express power, and how texts and images represent them. Medieval and early modern things are repeatedly shown to be more than symbolic or passive, they are agentive and determinative in both their intra- and extradiegetic worlds. The things that are addressed in this volume are varied and are embedded, or entangled, in different contexts and societies, and yet they share a concerted engagement in human life.

Despite their opposite emotional effects, humor and horror are highly similar phenomena. They both can be traced back to (the detection, resolution, and emotional elaboration of) incongruities, understood as semantic violations through unexpected combinations of oppositional information. However, theoretical and experimental comparisons between humor and resolvable incongruities that elicit other emotions than exhilaration have been lacking so far. To gain more insights into the linguistic differences between humor and horror and the cognitive real-time processing of both, a main concern of this book is to discuss the transferability of linguistic humor theories to a systematic horror investigation and directly compare self-paced reading times (SPR), facial actions (FACS), and event-related brain potentials (ERP) of normed minimal quadruplets with frightening and humorous incongruities as well as (in)coherent stimuli. The results suggest that humor and horror share cognitive resources to detect and resolve incongruities. To better distinguish humor from neighboring phenomena, this book refines current humor theories by incorporating humor and horror in a cognitive incongruity processing model.

This volume is distinctive for its extraordinarily interdisciplinary investigations into a little discussed topic, the spatial imagination. It probes the exercise of the spatial imagination in pre-modern China across five general areas: pictorial representation, literary description, cartographic mappings, and the intertwining of heavenly and earthly space. It recommends that the spatial imagination in the pre-modern world cannot adequately be captured using a linear, militarily framed conceptualization. The scope and varying perspectives on the spatial imagination analyzed in the volume¿s essays reveal a complex range of aspects that informs how space was designed and utilized. Due to the complexity and advanced scholarly level of the papers, the primary readership will be other scholars and advanced graduate students in history, history of science, geography, art history, religious studies, literature, and, broadly, sinology.

Conciliation in the Qur¿an addresses an existing imbalanced focus in Islamic Studies on conflict in the Qur¿an, and moves beyond a restrictive approach to ¿ul¿ (reconciliation) as a mediation process in fragmented social contexts. The book offers a critical analysis of conciliation as a holistic concept in the Qur¿an, providing linguistic and structural insight based on the renowned pre-modern Arabic exegesis of Al-R¿z¿ (d. 1209) and the under-studied contemporary Urdu exegesis of I¿l¿¿¿ (d. 1997). This ambitious thematic study of the entire Qur¿an includes an innovative examination of the central ethical notion of i¿s¿n (gracious conduct), and a challenging discussion of notorious passages relating to conflict. The author offers solutions to unresolved issues such as the significance of the notion of i¿l¿¿ (order), the relationship between conciliation and justice, and the structural and thematic significance of Q.48 (S¿rat Al-Fat¿) and Q.49 (S¿rat Al-¿ujur¿t). Conciliation in the Qur¿an offers a compelling argument for the prevalence of conciliation in the Islamic scripture, and will be an essential read for practitioners in Islamic studies, community integration, conflict-resolution, interfaith dialogue and social justice.

How can insights from Construction Grammar (CxG) be applied to foreign language learning (FLL) and foreign language teaching (FLT)? This volume explores several aspects of Pedagogical Construction Grammar, with a specific look at issues relevant to second language acquisition, FLL, and FLT. The contributions in this volume discuss a wide range of constructions, as well as different resources, methodologies, and data used to learn constructions in the language classroom. More specifically, they seek to provide answers to the following questions: What do new constructional approaches to teaching and learning foreign language look like that take the insights of CxG seriously? What should electronic resources using constructions and semantic frames for foreign language instruction look like? How should constructions (pairings of form with meaning/function) in the foreign language classroom be introduced? What role does frequency play in learning constructions in the language classroom? What types of strategies does CxG offer to facilitate the acquisition of a second language? This volume is relevant for anyone interested in second language acquisition, foreign language pedagogy, Construction Grammar, and Cognitive Linguistics. Endorsements: If first language learning flows forth from language use, teaching language should be based on relevant usage-patterns, modified in accordance with the advanced cognitive and linguistic knowledge of older learners. The current volume shows how insights from first and second language learning and usage-based Construction Grammar can be turned into evidence-based teaching strategies.Heike Behrens, University of Basel Usage-based Construction Grammar has changed our view of language learning, but it is only recently that researchers have begun to apply the insights of the constructionist approach to language pedagogy. This volume brings together a collection of articles in which experts of Construction Grammar and Usage-based Linguistics make concrete proposals for teaching constructions by using corpora and other resources. A must read for everybody interested in grammar teaching.Holger Diessel, University of Jena With Directions for Pedagogical Construction Grammar, Boas has produced an impressive and much-needed volume which excels at illustrating the immense potential of constructionist approaches to improve language pedagogy. The contributions to this volume, all authored by leading cognitive and corpus linguists, convincingly describe what a successful future of language teaching could look like¿one that is founded in usage-based linguistics and takes language patterns seriously. I consider this volume essential reading for any applied linguist.Ute Römer, Georgia State University

The technological innovations that have made "learning" computers possible are being met with utopian hopes as well as apocalyptic apprehensions. Will AI research eventually lead to software systems that have consciousness and are capable of autonomous decision making? The essays challenge "strong AI" from the perspective of human agency and moral judgment, explain the categorical difference between vulnerable humans and AI devices, and discuss diverse forms of applied AI, such as prograns of natural language processing, computional creativity, neuroenhancement, and the use of AI in international healthcare. These theoretical issues are illustrated in essays that focus on the encounter with artificial beings in film, literature and theater. Examining science fiction that blurs the borderline between humans and deep-learning androids, the essays explore, and challenge, ways of questioning human exceptionalism, for instance by visualizing non-conscious cognition and sentience. The book suggests a sober distinction between well-argued achievements of digital technology and excessive, unfounded expectations.

This book reflects the development of Latin American labour history across broad geographical, chronological and thematic perspectives, which seek to review and revisit key concepts at different levels. The contributions are closely linked to the most recent trends in Global Labour History and in turn, they enrich those trends.¿ Here, authors from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Mexico, Peru and Spain take a historical and sociological perspective and analyse a series of problems relating to labour relations. The chapters weave together different periods of Latin American colonial and republican history¿from the vice-royalties of New Spain (now Mexico) and Peru, the¿Royal¿Audiencia de Charcas¿(now Bolivia), Argentina and Uruguay (former vice-royalty of Río de La Plata) and Chile (former¿Capitanía General).