Bøger i Ecological Studies serien

During the last decade, forest decline has become increasingly apparent. It covers transport and deposition of air pollutants, the direct effects of pollutants on above-ground plant parts, the responses of soil to acid rain, and the changing nutrient availability, and the accompanying effects on plant metabolism and growth.

Emissions of gaseous air pollutants have increased in the last years in spite of increased controls and concern for air quality.

Considerable efforts, however, are now being made in the Alps and other mountains of the globe to increase the high-altitude forested area through reforestation, to raise depressed timberlines, and to restore remaining protection forests using suit able silvicultural methods to their full protective value.

In a very real sense, much of North American physiological plant ecol ogy began in the Basin and Range and has been researched there over the last four decades.

Ecologists are increasingly being drawn into the task of addressing problems of environmental degradation. In doing so, the robustness of the science becomes increasingly important, and the problem of extrapolating the results of research conducted within what is usually a relatively limited geographical scope is increasingly highlighted.

REMMERT Small populations are very often discussed, but there seems to be no general overview touching all the self-evident but norma,lly simply neglected problems connected with small populations.

For long-term studies, the holological approach has special advantages, since the general patterns and tentative hypotheses that are first worked out help direct attention to the components of the system which need to be studied in greater detail.

The comparative study of mediterranean type ecosystems has gained considerable momentum during the past two decades. Naveh (l967) also did comparative studies focusing on grassland types that occur in the mediterranean climatic zones of Califor nia and IsraeL About this same time, independent studies by Mooney and Dunn (1970 a,b) and Mooney et al.

It is the policy of the federal Canadian Forestry Service to sponsor research initiatives from the private sector that are judged to be pertinent to its mandate and offer particular promise towards the optimal management of Canadian forest resources.

But each specific, quantitative case study, and each research area conserved (with additional hard work) for further study by future generations, fits into Jenny's coherent world view.

This volume is a result of the summary and synthesis of data collected in the Grassland Biome Program, which is part of the American contribution to the International Biological Program (IBP).

This volume on botanical research in tundra represents the culmination of four years of intensive and integrated field research centered at Barrow, Alaska. The volume summarizes the most significant results and interpretations of the pri mary producer projects conducted in the U.S. IBP Tundra Biome Program (1970-1974).

In 1973, a herd of Camargue horses was released into a nature reserve in the Rhone delta of France. The book also provides insight into the consequences of the hind-gut fermentation system for equid behavior and ecology and contrasts this feeding strategy with that of the recently evolved, highly successful grazing bovids.

Perspectives on the ELM Model and Modeling Efforts This volume is the major open-literature description of a comprehensive, pioneering ecological modeling effort.

The tidal coastline presents a fascinating ecological world. the bare mud and sands of the tidal flats are different. Pick up a piece of tidal sediment and see how it resembles a large, rotten cheese! Tidal flats receive detritus from both the land and the sea. Tidal flats are a busy ecological turntable.

Both fire and climatic variability have monumental impacts on the dynamics of temperate ecosystems. Contributions come from fire ecology, paleoecology, biogeography, paleoclimatology, landscape and ecosystem ecology, ecological modeling, forest management, plant community ecology and plant morphology.

Inselbergs are isolated rock outcrops that stand out abruptly from surrounding plains. Despite the widespread occurrence of granite inselbergs throughout all climatic and vegetational zones, their remarkably rich plant life was largely neglected in the recent literature.

A number of well-known forests have been the object of studies by ecological teams. The location of the Niepolomice Forest in Southern Poland VI Preface Tilio Carpinetum forest. This huge forested area (11,000 ha) owes its survival in one of the most densely populated parts of Europe to a long period of protection as a royal hunting ground.

Whereas comprehensive information on the fire ecology of the northern boreal, the temperate, and the mediter ranean biotas is meanwhile available, it was recognized that conside rable gaps in information exist on the role of fire in tropical und sub tropical ecosystems.

The Guayana Highlands in northeastern tropical America, rising from lowland rain forests and savannas up to 3000 m elevation, are characterized by ancient tablelands called tepuis.

This book summarizes results of long-term, interdisciplinary ecosystem research conducted in two forested catchments and coordinated at the Bayreuth Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research (BITOEK), University of Bayreuth, Germany.

North and South America share similar human and ecological histories and, increasingly, economic and social linkages. The chief goal is to gain an understanding of how human and ecological processes interact to affect ecosystem functions and species in the Americas.

To write a handbook of methods is surely to invite criticism, as has already been said several times. To be useful to the reader, such a manual must provide a broad review of the methods available and describe them in sufficient detail to permit preliminary selection and judgement.

Such models of landscape change as a Markov process complement others of ecological succession for replacement of one species by another (9, 10, 11, 12), and for competition in the growth and survival of individuals while competing for limited resources on a plot "island" in a "sea" of mixed landscape terrain (9, 13).

Part II focuses on the multitude of biotic interactions in seaweed communities, and in Part III the reader is introduced to the structure and function of the main seaweed systems of the world.

Sand dune dynamics play a key role in many arid deserts. Describing its climate, as well as its geophysical/geochemical soil properties and ecology, this brilliant work draws out the relationships between the site's ecological and geomorphological processes, based on long-term monitoring, in situ experiments and satellite imagery.

Sand dune dynamics play a key role in many arid deserts. Describing its climate, as well as its geophysical/geochemical soil properties and ecology, this brilliant work draws out the relationships between the site's ecological and geomorphological processes, based on long-term monitoring, in situ experiments and satellite imagery.

The first comprehensive overview of the enormous ecological diversity of Baltic coastal ecosystems is presented in this volume provides. A short introduction into the Baltic Sea as a reference ecosystem is followed by detailed descriptions of the characteristics of coastal ecosystems.