Bøger i Springer Series in Materials Science serien

Optical Properties of Metal Clusters deals with the electronic structure of metal clusters determined optically. Clusters - as state intermediate between molecules and the extended solid - are important in many areas, e.g. extended systems of many clusters - the most frequently occuring form - is also treated.

This in-depth experimental and theoretical account explores polymers and composites whose unusual properties (such as photophysical phenomena, electrical transport, phase transitions, and magnetic properties) stem from the incorporation of C60 in the material.

The characterisation of materials and material systems is an essential aspect of materials science. The programme was in effect from 1985 to 1997 and supported a wide range of research projects - from fundamental, trendy, innovative projects to projects in applied materials science.

This book consists of ten chapters which outline a wide range of technologies from first-principle calculations to continuum mechanics, with applications to materials design and development.

This book presents an overview of nanostructure determination and ways to find relationships to the electronic and optical properties. In addition, the book describes the manufacture of artificially structured nanomaterials using laser or electron-beam irradiation.

Nanocrystalline materials are three-dimensional ultrafine, polycrystalline microstructures. The development of the microstructure during sintering is studied and the influence of the synthesis parameters on the structure and properties of the nanocrystalline ceramics from the atomic to the microstructural level is investigated.

Recent developments in electronic structure theory have led to a new understanding of magnetic materials at the microscopic level.

The European Union's directive banning the use of lead-based (Pb) solders in electronic consumer products has created an urgent need for research on solder joint behavior under various driving forces in electronic manufacturing, and for development of lead-free solders.

Raman scattering is now being applied with increasing success to a wide range of practical problems at the cutting edge of materials science. Included are chapters on instrumentation, bulk semiconductors and alloys, heterostructures, high-Tc superconductors, catalysts, carbon-based materials, wide-gap and super-hard materials, and polymers.

Organic semiconductors offer unique characteristics which have prompted the application of organic semiconductors and their devices in physical, chemical, and biological sensors. Novel transducers based on organic light-emitting diodes and organic thin-film transistors, as well as systems-on-a-chip architectures are presented.

A major barrier to the introduction of ferroelectric devices into mass markets remains their limited reliability due to fatigue. The underlying physical and chemical mechanisms of this material fatigue phenomenon are extremely complex, and the relevant influences range from single-point defects to macroscopic boundary conditions.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) belongs to the class of transparent conducting oxides that can be used as transparent electrodes in electronic devices or heated windows. In this book the material properties of, the deposition technologies for, and applications of zinc oxide in thin film solar cells are described in a comprehensive manner.

This volume addresses the exciting and rapidly developing topic of ultrahigh-density magnetic data storage. It is the most advanced book on magnetic nanostructures, basics and applications. It combines modern topics in nanomagnetism with issues relating to the fabrication and characterization of magnetic nanostructures.

This book is a unique collection of experimental data in the field of internal friction, anelastic relaxation, and damping properties of metallic materials.

The dramatic impact of low dimensional semiconductor structures on c- rent and future device applications cannot be overstated. The modi?ed electronic structure of semiconductor quantum structures results in transport and optical properties, which di?er from those of constituent bulk materials.

The focus of this book is on modeling and simulations used in research on the morphological evolution during film growth. The book will enable readers themselves to set up a computational program to investigate specific topics of interest in thin film deposition.

This is the first book that explains how to structure glass for micro- and nanophotonic applications. The book also explores methods for influencing the geometrical microstructure of glass as well as methods to produce actual microdevices.

In this valuable work, all aspects of the reactive magnetron sputtering process, from the discharge up to the resulting thin film growth, are described in detail, allowing the reader to understand the complete process.

This bang up-to-date volume contains the distilled wisdom of some of the world's leading minds on the subject. Inside, there is a treasure trove of general (tutorial) and topical reviews, written by leading researchers in the area of organic superconductors and conductors.

Energy recycling system utilizing natural renewable energies and their c- version to hydrogen may be the most desirable option of future clean energy society. Thus the society should strive to change its energy basis, from foss- consuming energy to clean and recycling energy.

Focusing only on the Einstein relation in compound semiconductors and their nanostructures, this book deals with open research problems from carbon nanotubes to quantum wire superlattices with different band structures, and other field assisted systems.

Provides a detailed treatment of the properties of hydrogen in crystalline semiconductors, emphasizing the ways in which hydrogen is incorporated during crystal growth and device fabrication. Covering the properties of hydrogen as an impurity, the monograph is intended to be of use to researchers.

This book is based on nearly a decade of materials and electronics research at the leading research institution on the nitride topic in Europe. It is a comprehensive monograph and tutorial that will be of interest to graduate students of electrical engineering, communication engineering, and physics;

This is the first major compilation of new advances covering the current status and topics related to the processing and production of precisely controlled materials.

The indicative budget allocated to the Thematic Priority enti tled 'Nanotechnologies and nanosciences, knowledge-based multifunctional materials and new production processes and devices' for the duration 2002- 2006 of the sixth EU Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development is EUR 1300 million [3].

Summary of the recent progress in ceramics research. Several novel concepts for materials selection and microstructural design are presented, as are experimental results that substantiate the ideas.

Laser-Beam Interactions with Materials treats, from a physicist's point of view, the wide variety of processes that lasers can induce in materials. The newcomer is given the necessary important background material, while the active research worker finds a critical and comprehensive review of the field.

Important future applications are also outlined, including information storage, materials for computer memories, quantum computers, isotopic fibers, isotopic optoelectronics, and quantum electronics.

This comprehensive review of biomimetic materials with self-healing, self-lubricating and self-cleaning properties addresses theoretical and practical aspects of the topic, especially where they have applications to 'green', biomedical and defense technology.

The edge and surface inspection is one of the most important and most challenging tasks in quality assessment in industrial production. Providing a valuable reference, this book offers a detailed description of optical methods for defect recognition.